The reactions of cerebral pial vessels following the injection of normal saline(0.05cc, at 37 degrees C, pH7.4) and autogenous hemolytic blood(0.05cc, 0.1cc 0.2cc) into the cisterna magna of rabbits were tested in vivo. This experiment was performed in order to observe the effect of intravenous nimodipine(30 microgram/kg) injection at the maximally constricted time of the pial vessels, about 6 hours after intracisternal injection of autogenous hemolytic blood. The diameter changes of the pial vessels were measured under operating microscope through a cranial window on craniectomized area. Pial vessels were not significantly changed after an intracisternal injection of normal saline. But after intracisternal injection of autogenous hemolytic blood(0.05cc, 0.1cc, 0.2cc), pial vessels were maximally constricted at 6 hours and the constriction was continued during the experiments. Percentile constriction was increased as the amount of subarachnoid hemolytic blood increased. According to the results, pial vessels, especially small pial artery, were constricted by autogenous hemolytic blood containing oxyhemoglobin. Nimodipine, calcium antagonist, showed dilating effect on vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage with autogenous hemolytic blood in rabbits.
Administration, Intravenous* ; Arteries ; Calcium ; Cisterna Magna* ; Constriction ; Nimodipine* ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Rabbits* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal* ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Salpingectomy* ; Twins*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal* ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Salpingectomy* ; Twins*

A solitary, asymptomatic lesion, clinically resembling a transpare it cyst, has been present for 4 months in the vaginal mucosa of a 43-year-old healthy woman. An xcisional biopsy revealed the lesion to be a focal accumulatition of hyaluronic acid replacing the collagen fibers and fibroblastic proliferation in the dermis consistant with cutaneous focal mucinosis. During the follow-up period for 3 months, no recurrence was observed.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Mucinoses* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Recurrence

A solitary, asymptomatic lesion, clinically resembling a transpare it cyst, has been present for 4 months in the vaginal mucosa of a 43-year-old healthy woman. An xcisional biopsy revealed the lesion to be a focal accumulatition of hyaluronic acid replacing the collagen fibers and fibroblastic proliferation in the dermis consistant with cutaneous focal mucinosis. During the follow-up period for 3 months, no recurrence was observed.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Mucinoses* ; Mucous Membrane* ; Recurrence

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Surgical excision of the subcutaneous tissues, with or without skin excision in the axillary hair-bearing area, has been the treatment of choice in treating osmidrosis for several decades. However, long periods of postoperative immobilization of a shoulder joint, partial necrosis of skin flaps or the possibility of hematoma and scars have occurred frequently. So we used XPS(R) microresector(Shaver) in procedure which requires removal of soft tissue for comparing results between surgical excision and the laters. METHODS: From January 2007 to February 2008, a total of 20 patients(8 male and 12 female) underwent XPS(R) microresector(Shaver) assisted aspiration for treating osmidrosis. The mean age of the subjects was 21.9, and we tried to analyze some advantages of XPS(R) microresector(Shaver). RESULTS: The average operation time was 61.6 minutes. This results can show that the patients who received XPS(R) microresector(Shaver) assisted aspiration can accomplish better outcomes than any other procedures in terms of operation time at least. Moreover, no significant postoperative complications occurred in our studies. Subjects have been followed up from 2 months to 1 year and among these patients, no one suffered from critical complications. CONCLUSION: In brief, XPS(R) microresector(Shaver) is able to shorten the time of operation and simplify the procedures relatively and this device has more superiorities in wound healing by maintaining of vascularized dermal skin flaps. It means that XPS(R) microresector (Shaver) can prevent flap necrosis, axillary hair loss and minimalize scarring and bleeding. Thus, we expect that these advantages can lead to better patient's comfort and self-confidence than several previous procedures.
Cicatrix ; Hair ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Complications ; Shoulder Joint ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Wound Healing

Lots of Koreans have relatively thick skin, small palpebral fissures and unfolded eyelids with a prominent epicanthal fold. Various methods have been developed to correct epicanthal fold. However, excessive or hypertrophic scar can be occurred, especially in the medial canthal and nasal area. And the recurrence may restrict the application of these methods. We developed a new epicanthoplasty using Y-M plasty to correct the epicanthal folds without obvious scar. From February 1999 to August 2010, all patients underwent Y-M plasty for the correction of epicanthal folds. Y-shaped incision line was designed not extending to the nasal area and the orbicularis oculi muscles were resected with skin. The dog ear deformities were corrected and sutured using nylon 7-0. The epicanthal folds were completely corrected. Prominent scar and recurrence were not observed. Most of the patients are satisfied with the results. Mean preoperative ICD(intercanthal distance) was 38.84 mm and average 2.24 mm ICD was reduced after the operation. Epicanthoplasty using Y-M plasty is relatively safe, easy and rapid method to design and apply even in the beginners with low risk of scars and recurrences. So, the authors propose this new versatile technique in the case of minimal to moderate epicanthal folds.
Animals ; Blepharoplasty ; Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dogs ; Ear ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Muscles ; Nylons ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Skin Abnormalities

PURPOSE: Intraductal papilloma (IDP) is a benign breast disease with malignant potential, for which complete surgical excision is usually recommended. The aim of the present study was to investigate predictive factors for upgrading patients with a benign papillary lesion (BPL). METHODS: This study was an observational study using a prospectively collected cohort. In total, 13,049 patients who underwent a core needle biopsy (CNB) for a breast lesion between January 2009 and May 2015 were enrolled. We reviewed all patients with pathologically confirmed BPL from a CNB. RESULTS: Surgical treatment was performed for 363 out of a total of 592 lesions. According to the pathological differences, the lowest upgrade rate was shown in IDP without atypia (without atypia, 6.0%; with atypia, 26.8%; papillary neoplasm, 31.5%; p<0.001). The univariate analysis showed that, in IDP without atypia, the age at diagnosis, size of BPL on ultrasonography, and density on mammography were associated with upgrading. The multivariate analysis revealed that age >54 years and lesion size >1 cm were significantly associated with upgrade to malignancy (odds ratio [OR]=4.351, p=0.005 and OR=4.236, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The indications for surgical treatment can be defined as age >54 years and mass size >1 cm, even in IDP without atypia in the CNB results; this also includes cases of IDP with atypia or papillary neoplasm. Therefore, we suggest that close observation without surgery is sufficient for younger women with a small IDP without atypia.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle* ; Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Multivariate Analysis ; Observational Study ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of donepezil on cognitive function in patients with brain injury who had cognitive impairment. METHOD: Twenty one subjects with brain injury (18 males,3 females) were enrolled and classified into two groups, experimental and control group. There was no significant difference between two groups in age, postonset duration, and level of education. For the experimental group, one tablelet of Aricept(R) (5 mg of donepezil per tablet) was administered daily for 6 weeks. The baseline and follow up cognitive assessments were performed before and 6 weeks after. Mini- mental Status Examination (MMSE), Computerized Neuropsychologic Test (CNT), Judgement of Line Orientation (JLO), and visuospatial Wechsler memory test were used for the assessment of cognitive function. RESULTS: In baseline study, two groups showed no difference in their cognitive function. After 6 weeks, the experimental group showed significantly higher performance in forward digit span, verbal learning test, backward visual span, visual learning test, non-verbal Wechsler memory test, and judgement of line orientaion than control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the administration of Aricept(R) was beneficial in improving the cognitive func tion, especially verbal and visual memory and visuospatial perception in patients with brain injury.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Learning ; Memory ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Verbal Learning