Primary chondrosarcoma of the lung is an extremely rare tumor, and classified into two types, tracheobronchial & lung variety. The tracheobronchial variety is usually localized and lacked lymph nodal or distant spread with good prognosis. The lung variety tends to be more invasive associated with mediastinal lymph node involvement and thoracic metastasis. Authors experienced a case of primary chondrosarcoma, lung variety, of the lung involving left lower lobe with thoracic metastasis, not yet reported in Korean literatures. The patient was 55-year-old Korean female and chief complaints were cough, dyspnea & chest pain. Pathologically, it was confused with the metastatic adenocarcinoma in the first pleural fluid cytology. But bronchoscopic biopsy revealed typical morphology of chondrosarcoma with concentric growth encircling the bronchial tree and partial destruction of the bronchiols, suggesting its primary origin. Later pleural biopsy and aspiration materials during ches tube insertion revealed also metastatic chondrosarcoma. Radiologic studies were also campatible findings to chondrosarcoma. After admision, the patient underwent progressively downhill course & expired at 31st hospital day.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effectiveness of intrarectal lidocaine-gel and periprostatic nerve block, or the combined method, on the reduction of pain during repeated transrectal prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 61 patients with a negative pathology after an initial sextant biopsy, with no sedatives or analgesia, were rebiopsied using the 12 extended biopsy technique. The patients scheduled for a repeat prostate biopsy were randomized to the combination method (group 1, 19 patients), periprostatic nerve block (group 2, 23 patients) or intrarectal lidocaine-gel (group 3, 19 patients). After the repeat biopsy, the rectal pain during probe insertion, pain intensity during prostate biopsy and complication rates were recorded. Pain was evaluated by a 10-point linear visual analogue scale (VAS). An ANOVA test was used as the statistical analysis for the assessment of VAS, with p<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in mean patient age, prostate specific antigen level, prostate volume and complication rates between the groups. The VAS during probe insertion were significantly lower in group 1 and 3 (mean 1.74 and 1.84) than in group 2 (mean 3.96, p<0.001). The VAS during biopsy was significantly lower in group 1 (mean 3.05) than group 3 (mean 4.63, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Periprostatic nerve block decreased pain during the repeated prostate biopsy, but had no effect on the pain felt during transrectal probe insertion. Intrarectal lidocaine-gel decreased the pain only during probe insertion. However, the combination of intrarectal lidocaine-gel and periprostatic nerve block was effective in reducing the pain, both at biopsy and during probe insertion, in the repeated 12 core biopsy.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Biopsy* ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Lidocaine* ; Nerve Block ; Pathology ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary exercise test is a useful test for the evaluation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Obese subjects have an increased resting metabolic rate (VO2) compared to non-obese subjects and the increase is more marked during dynamic exercise, which results in the limitation of maximal exercise in obese subjects. In this study, the influence of the obesity and fat distribution on the maximal exercise capacity were evaluated. METHODS: Maximal exercise capacity was represented by maximam maximum oxygen uptake and VO2 max in the cardiopulmonary test. Obesity, total fat content and abdominal obesity(waist to hip ratio, WHR) were measured by bioelectrical impedence method. Total of 42 volunteers(male 22, female 20) were evaluated. RESULTS: 1) Weight to height ratio(mean±SD) was 110%±14.9% in men and 100±11.1% in women. 2) Fat ratio(mean±SD) was 23.3±5.2% in men and 27.55±3.9% in woman. 3) Waist to hip ratio(mean±SD) was 0.85±0.04 in men and 0.8±0.03 in woman. 4) In men, VO2max/min/Kg was negatively correlate with obesity, fat ratio, and abdominal fat distribution. 5) In woman, VO2max/Kg was negatively correlated with obesity and fat ratio, but did not show significant relationship with abdominal fat distribution. CONCLUSION: Obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in both men and women. Abdominal obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in men but its implication to women needs further evaluation.
Abdominal Fat ; Exercise Test* ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Oxygen ; Respiratory System

No abstract available.
Physiology* ; Prognosis* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Insufficiency*

BACKGROUND: To evaluate airway responses and inflammation to antigen in Sprague-Dawley rat asthma model, we examined airway responses, serial histologic changes of the lung, and the relationship between airway responses and airway inflammation after antigen airway challenge. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized with subcutaneous injection of 10 microgram ovalbumin(OA). Antigen airway challenges were done 14 ~16 days after sensitization and the sensitized rats were sacrificed 1h(AE), 6 ~8h(AL) and 1day(AD) after airway challenge, to examine the histologic changes of the lung. Airway responses were measured by body plethysmograph and recorded by enhanced pause(Penh) as an index of airway obstruction 6 ~8h after antigen challenges. Nonsensitized controls(10 rats) were also challenged with antigen and sacrificed 1 day later. Histopathologic examination of two trachea, large bronchi, small bronchi, and vessels was performed to evaluate the severity of inflammation and eosinophilic infiltration with H&E stain. RESULTS: In 17 of 20 rats(85%) in both groups, we observed airway responses. Among them, an early response(ER) in 15 rats(75%), an dual response in 5(25%), and an late response(LR) only in 2 rats(10%) displayed. There were no significant differences in the severity of inflammation among the trachea, large bronchi, small bronchi and vessels in all groups after antigen challenge(p>0.05) and between early and late responders. The significant eosinophil infiltration was observed in 5 rats(50%) of AL(p<0.05) compared with in AE and controls. Also, eosinophil infiltration was observed in higher trend in LR(57.1%) compared to ER(40%)(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Sprague-Dawley rats sensitized with subcutaneous injection of OA showed a significant airway responses to antigen challenge. But antigen challenges caused a little eosinophil infiltration and no significant airway inflammation. Asthma model of Sprague-Dawley rats could be useful for antigen-induced airway responses, but this model has a limitation for the study of human asthma because of no significant pathologic change.
Airway Obstruction ; Animals ; Asthma* ; Bronchi ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Lung ; Ovalbumin* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley* ; Trachea

No abstract available.
Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Lung*

A retrospective clinical study was done on 78 cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted to Jeonje Presbyterian Medical Center from Jenuary 1972 to June 1982. The following results had been obtained. 1) The ratio of male to female patients with acute myocardial infarction was 3.9:1. Most patients were in the age group between the 6th and 7th decade(64%). 2) The number of patients admitted annually was about 8, and was increased 2.5 folds in the latter 5 years as compared with the first 5 years. 3) The most common past illnesses of patients with acute myocardial infarction were coronary insufficiency with angina pectoris, hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, valvular heart disease and hyperthyroidism in order named. The patients without significant past illness amount to 41.0%. 4) Among the patients with acute myocardial infarction smokers were 1.9 times as many as non-smokers. 5) The chief complaints of the patients with acute myocardial infarction on admission were chest pain(60.3%), dyspnea(26.9%) and mental change(6.4%). 6) The distribution of the patients withacute myocardial infarction by Killip classification was as follows: Class I, 47.4%, class II, 16.7%, class III, 16.7% and class IV, 19.2%. 7) The most common location of acute myocardial infarction by EKG was anterior wall of the myocardium at 79.5%. 8) The patients with arrhythmia by EKG amount to 53.8% and conduction disturbance 20.5%. 9) The patients with acute myocardial infarction who expired during admission were 23%. The ratio of male to female was 2.6:1. Among the expired patients Killip class IV was 80.8% and anterior wall infarction was 77.8%.
Angina Pectoris ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Classification ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hyperthyroidism ; Infarction ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium ; Protestantism ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Serum eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) level has been proposed as a indirect marker of eosinophilic inflammation of the airway in bronchial asthma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate serum ECP against indirect clinical markers of disease, we compared bronchial obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and peripheral blood eosinophil counts, total IgE with serum ECP levels in patients with bronchial asthma and normal controls. METHOD: Fourty-two patients with bronchial asthma and twenty-six normal controls were enrolled. Measurement were made by spirometry, inhalation challenge with methacholine, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, total IgE and FEIA(fluoroenzymatic immunoassay) of serum ECP RESULT: Serum ECP levels were significantly higher in asthmatic patients than normal controls(p<0.0,5). Serum ECP levels were correlated with peripheral blood eosinophil counts(p<0.01, r=0.544) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness(PC,)(p<0.01, r=-0.456) in patients with bronchial asthma. Serum ECP levels were correlated with degree of bronchial obstruction(FEV, % to predicted value, FEV1/FVC%) in total subjects, but not in asthmatic patients. CONCLUSION: Serum ECP level may be used as indicator of disease activity in bronchial asthma and be helpful in differentiation between normal person and asthmatic patients on simple serological method. Further studies on the changes of serum ECP levels according to disease course and therapeutic responses are needed.
Asthma* ; Biomarkers ; Eosinophil Cationic Protein* ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Inflammation ; Inhalation ; Methacholine Chloride ; Spirometry