No abstract available.
Colostrum* ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Milk* ; Mothers*

We have observed that many patients who were under the treatment of orient medicine at the emergency department of our hospital but no data are available describing the medical habits of these patients. We therefore surveyed these patients seeking care in our ED to characterize their use of orient-medical therapies.4 analysis on the 427 patients who visited our ED and were under the treatment of orient medicine from Jan. 1996 to Jun. 1996 was carried out The results were as follows 1) There was no difference in the sex ratio (m:f=1:0.93). 2) With respect to the age groups of in patients, feat numbers of elderly people(50-year and 60-year old age group, over 60%) visited to our ED. 3) In the leading causes for visit to orient-medical therapy, cardiovascular disease ranked at the top(40%), followed by injury, gastrointestinal disease, and respiratory disease in decreasing order of frequency.4) The total numbers of CVA patients admitted to Oriental medicine were 105 patients. 5) The duration of admitted patients to Oriental medicine was prolonged for elderly patients.6) In the distribution of severity(AVPU) of adimitted patients, the number of patients with alert was 12 and verbal response was 91 painful response was 2 and unresponse was 0.
Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Sex Ratio

No abstract available.
Child* ; Dust* ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Pyroglyphidae*

No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Immunotherapy*

No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Humans ; Male ; Siblings*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory infection in infants and young children, but the pathogenesis of RSV-induced inflammation is not well defined. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In order to examine the potential interactions between virus-infected airway epithelial cells and neutrophils, we studied the ability of neutrophils to adhere to yirus-infected airway epithelial cell monolayers by myeloperoxidase assay. Also we measured the ability of airway epithelial cells to secrete interleukin-8(IL-8) and inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in virus-infected airway epithelial cell cultures by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The degree of IL-8 and ICAM-1 gene expression in the RSV-infected BEAS-2B cell cultures were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). RESULTS: The RSV-infected BEAS-2B cell resulted in significantly enhanced level of neutrophil adherence compared to the uninfected control(p (0.001). IL-8 and ICAM-1 production significantly increased by RSV infection(p<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between neutrophil adherence and IL-8 level(r=0.73, p=0.002), and ICAM-1 level (r=0.843, p=0.001) in RSV-infected cells. The degree of both IL-8 and ICAM-1 mRNA expression increased in the RSV-infected cells compared with the uninfected ones. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that RSV infection significantly enhances the production of IL-8 and ICAM-1 in airway epithelial cells which then results in increased neutrophil adherence.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Child ; Epithelial Cells* ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Infant ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Interleukin-8 ; Neutrophils* ; Peroxidase ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses* ; RNA, Messenger

No abstract available.
Emphysema* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular*

Chronic cough is a symptom frequently encountered by the pediatrician. Although most coughs are self-limited, chronic cough often proves to be a frustrating problem. This study was performed at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1992, and 83 children with chronic cough persisting for longer than 3 weeks was evaluated. We categorized these patients into 5 age groups (1. Infant: uner 12 months of age, 2. Toddler: above age 1~below age 3, 3. Preschool: above age 3~below age 6,4. School: above age 6~below age 6~below age 12, 5. Adolecent: above age 12). The most common cause of chronic cough was the reactive airway disease (71.1%) such as asthma with or without sinusitis (56.6%) and bronchiolitis-reactive (14.5%). In infant age group, the most frequent causes of chronic cough were reactive airway disease(52.4%)such as bronchiolitis-reactive (28.6%) and infantile asthma (23.8%). The second and third common causes were congenital anomalies(23.8%) and bronchiolitis-nonreactive (23.8%). In toddler age, the most common cause was the reactive airway disease such as infantile asthma (10 cases: 50%) and bronchiolitis reactive (6cases; 30%) and congenital anomalies were the second common causes of chronic cough. In preschool, school and adolescent age group, asthma and sinusitis were the main causes of chronic cough. In the groups above age 3,73.2% of chronic cough were associated with sinusitis. Therefore, in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of chronic cough, it should be considered that the cause of cough is either reactive airway disease with or without sinusitis or not. In infant and toddler age, congenital anomaly should be considered.
Adolescent ; Asthma ; Bronchiolitis ; Child* ; Cough* ; Humans ; Infant ; Sinusitis

PURPOSE: It has been suggested that immunologic abnormalities play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular injury in Kawasaki disease and the immunologic abnormalities could be regulated by high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG). We investigated the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, the serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha) and the effect of high- dose IVIG(400 mg/kg/day for 5 days) on these factors during acute stage of Kawasaki disease. METHODS: Thirty patients, aged 4 months to 5 years, who met the diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki disease were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups, Kawasaki disease with coronary vascular lesion(KD-CVL) and without coronary vascular lesion (KD-NCVL). Percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow-cytometry and the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were measured by ELISA on 1 day before and 1 day after IVIG administration and compared with normal control group(n=15). RESULTS: The results were as follows 1) Before IVIG administration, the percentages of CD3+ lymphocyte and CD8+ lymphocyte in both KD-CVL and KD-NCVL were significantly lower than those in control group. The percentages of CD19+ lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in both groups were significantly higher than those in control group. There was no significant differences between the percentages of CD4+ lymphocyte in both groups and that in control group. 2) After IVIG administration, the percentages of CD3+ lymphocyte and CD8+ lymphocyte in both KD-CVL and KD-NCVL were significantly increased. The percentages of CD19+ lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in both KD-CVL and KD-NCVL were significantly decreased. The percentages of CD4+ lymphocyte were not changed. 3) Before IVIG administration, the detection rate of serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha in both groups was significantly higher than that in control group. After IVIG administration, the detection rate of serum IL-6 in both groups was still higher than that in control group. In KD-CVL, the detection rate of serum TNF-alpha was still higher than that in control group but there was no significant difference between the detection rate of TNF-alpha in KD-NCVL and that in control group. 4) Before IVIG administration, the serum levels of IL-6 in Kawasaki disease were significantly higher than that in control group but there was no significant difference between those in KD-CVL and KD-NCVL. After IVIG administration, the serum level of IL-6 in KD-CVL was not decreased. In KD-NCVL, it was decreased significantly but it was still higher than that in control group after IVIG administration. Before IVIG administration, the serum levels of TNF-alpha in Kawasaki diseases were significantly higher than that in control group and that in KD-CVL was significantly higher than that in KD-NCVL. After IVIG administration, the serum level of TNF-alpha in KD-CVL was not decreased but in KD-NCVL, it was decreased significantly to the level of control group. CONCLUSIONS: Immunologic abnormalities including decreased percentage of CD3+ lymphocyte, CD8+ lymphocyte, increased percentage of CD19+ lymphocyte and CD4+/ CD8+ ratio and increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were noted in the acute stage of Kawasaki diseases. But there were no difference of above immunologic abnormalities between KD-CVL and KD-NCVL. After IVIG administration, the abnormal percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were changed to normal but in the cases of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, the levels were continuously elevated except TNF-alpha in KD-NCVL. Therefore the immunologic abnormalities including abnormal percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and increased production of IL-6 and TNF-alpha might be involved in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. And IVIG has some effects on the change of these kinds of immunologic abnormalities.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins* ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Lymphocytes ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Necrosis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vascular System Injuries