No abstract available.
Burns* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage*

The authors developed a computer program for use in report printing as well as data storage and retrieval for the gastrointestinal endoscopy service. This program used IBM PC XT and was written in dBASE III plus language. We applied the automatic SNOMED coding method, which is one of the most efficient and accurate method of computerization of medical data. The working sheet which contained the results of previous endoscopic studies could be printed during registration. The dBASE word processor enabled issuing of the formal report of endoscopic result, and the data storage was carried out during the typewriting of the report. Two kinds of data files were stored in the hard disk; the temporary file contained full informations and the permanent file contained patients identification data and SNOMED code. Searching of a specific case was performed by chart number, patients name, date of study, or SNOMED code within a second. All the cases were arranged by SNOMED codes of procedure, topography and morphology codes. Every new data was copied to the diskette automatically. with which data could be restored in case of hard disk failure. The main advantages of this program in comparison to the large main frame computer system are low price, flexibility and easy accessibility. Based on our experience (including surgical pathology department, radiology, clinical pathology), we assume that this program may fit every endoscopy room where there are less than 20,000 cases per year.
Information Storage and Retrieval ; Clinical Coding* ; Computer Systems ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal* ; Humans ; Information Storage and Retrieval* ; Pathology, Surgical ; Pliability ; Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine

Statistical observation was made on 2,639 cases with heart disease which has been seen in the Deparment of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, in Korea, during the past 15 years ranging from January 1959 to December 1973. The results were as follows; 1. During the last 15 years, 2,639 cases with heart disease were observed, which represents about 12.9% of total 20,434 medical In-patients, and variable incidence for the consecutive years was noted. 2. The disease occurred most frequently in group aged under thirty and its incidence decreased in the fifth and sixth decades. 3. The incidence in male was 49.8% and in female 50.2%, the ratio of which was almost same. 4. The most common etiologic form of heart disease was hypertensive heart disease which occurred in 43.2% of all cardiac patients, corresponding to 5.57% of all In-patients. The incidence was most frequent in the sixth decade and decreased in the fifth and fourth decades with the male preponderance. 5. The second common heart disease was rheumatic heart disease, 31.6% of all cardiac patients, corresponding to 4.08% of all In-patients. It affected the mitral valve in most of the cases, whereas involvement of the aortic valve was rare. 6. Coronary heart disease, the third common heart disease, occurred in 5.1% of all cardiac patients, and most frequently in sixth and seventh decades. it affected male 2.5 times more frequently than female. 7. Postpartum heart failure and beriberi heart disease showed 3.8% and 3.1% respectively. They occurred more frequently in younger female, but the frequency was much decreased recently. 8. Pericarditis occured in 2.6% of all cardiac patients and tuberculosis was still a common cause of pericarditis. 9. Congenital heart disease was seen in 1.7% of the cases and patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect occupied 76% of all congenital heart disease. 10. Cor pulmonale was present in 1.6%, arrhythmia 1.3%, cardiomyopathy 1.3%, thyroid heart disease 0.8%, endocarditis 0.7% and syphilitic heart disease 0.2%.
Aortic Valve ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Beriberi ; Cardiomyopathies ; Coronary Disease ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Heart* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Internal Medicine ; Korea* ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Pericarditis ; Postpartum Period ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thyroid Gland ; Tuberculosis

Developmental surface ultrastructure of Macroorchis spinulosus was studied by scanning electron microscopy. One-day-old juvenile fluke was leaf-shaped and bent ventrally. Body surface was covered densely with peg-like spines and with cobblestone-like cytoplasmic processes. Ciliated sensory papillae were concentrated around oral sucker. Several unciliated sensory papillae occurred equidistantly on oral sucker and acetabulum. The ciliated papillae appeared in two longitudinal lines symmetric bilaterally on dorsal surface. On adult flukes, tegumantal spines became wider in middle of the body surface. The cytoplasmic processes differentiated into more fine velvety form. It is likely that the differentiated fine cytoplasmic processes are an increased absorptive surface to adult M. spinulosus. It is suggested that single pointed tegumental spines on anterior half of the body may be supportive for this fluke to migration.
Animals ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/*anatomy & histology/*ultrastructure

The present study was performed to observe tegumental ultrastructure of Echinoparyphium recurvatum according to developmental stages. Worms (1, 3, 5 and 15-day old) were recovered from chicks experimentally infected with metacercariae from Radix auricularia coreana. One-day old worms were elongated and ventrally concave, and covered with peg-like tegumental spines except the adjecent areas of the head crown and excretory pore. Type I sensory papillae were distributed on the lip of the oral sucker, and grouped ciliated papillae were around the oral sucker. Peg-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the anterior surface of the ventral sucker level. The ventral sucker had an aspinous tegument and no sensory papillae. Tegumental spines on the posterior surface of the ventral sucker level were sparsely distributed and disappeared posteriorly. In 3 and 5-day old worms, the tegument around the oral sucker was aspinose and wrinkled concentrically. The ventral sucker had a wrinkled tegument and many bulbous papillae. Type I sensory papillae were distributed between the bulbous papillae. Tegumental spines were spade-shaped with a terminal tip. A total of 45 collar spines including 4 end group ones on both ventral corners was alternately arranged in 2 rows. The 15-day old worms were very stout and their tegumental spines were tongue-shaped without a terminal tip. From the above results, it is confirmed that the surface ultrastructure of E. recurvatum was generally similar to that of other echinostomatid flukes. However, some features, i.e., morphological change of tegumental spines and appearence of sensory papillae on the ventral sucker according to development, and number, shape and arrangement of collar spines, were characteristic, which may be of taxonomic and bioecological significance.
Animals ; Chickens ; Echinostomatidae/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*ultrastructure ; Life Cycle Stages ; Lymnaea/parasitology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Serum levels of HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol were measured in 107 normal Koreans and in 327 patients; 66 patients with hypertension, 34 patients with coronary heart disease, 45 patients with cerebral thrombosis, 18 patients with nephrotic syndrome, and 164 patients with diabetes mellitus. Patterns of serum lipoprotein fractions were also investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis in 41 normal Koreans and in 72 patients; 14 patients with hypertension, 10 patients with coronary heart disease, 19 patients with cerebral thrombosis, 7 patients with nephrotic syndrome, and 22 patients with diaebetes mellitus. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Mean values of serum HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and cholesterol in normal Koreans were 52.2+/-12.4mg/100ml, 110.6+/-31.6mg/100ml and 175.3+/-21.4mg/100ml respectively. No significant difference in mean value of serum HDL-cholesterol was observed between Korean males and females. 2. In Korean females serum, HDL-cholesterol level showed peak values in the fifth decade, but no significant difference with aging was observed in Korean males. 3. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral thrombosis, and in male diabetic patients with complication. 4. Serum triglyceride levels were significantly increased in all the disease groups, and serum cholesterol levels were significantly increased in all the disease groups except cerebral thrombosis. 5. Mean values of alpha-lipoprotein, pre-beta-lipoprotein and beta-lipoprotein fraction ratios in normal Koreans were 28.9+/-7.5%, 14.9+/-4.9% and 56.2+/-8.1% respectively. 6. Seum alpha-lipoprotein fraction ratio was significantly decreased in relatively advanced hypertensive patients. Pre-beta-lipoprotein fraction ratio tends to be increased in patients with hypertension, cerebral thrombosis, nephrotic syndrome and in diabetic patients with complications, and beta-lipoprotein fraction ratio tends to be increased in patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease and nephrotic syndrome, but those were not statistically significant.
Aging ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Triglycerides

From mechanocardiography and echocardiography, the systolic time intervals and the ejection phase indices were measured with determination of serum digoxin concentration(SDC) to elucidate the value of oral maintenance digoxin therapy on patients with heart failure in sinus rhythm. The drug interactions of digoxin with quinidine in heart failure, with verapamil in atrial fibrillation, and with aluminium hydroxide gel in healthy volunteers were observed with concomitant changes of SDCs. The results obtained are as follows. 1. After 10 days of treatment with digoxin 0.25 mg/day in 21 patients with heart failure there was a significant decrease in electromechanical systole(QS2), pre-ejection period(PEP) and PEP/left ventricular ejection time(LVET) ratio. There was also and equivocal decrease in LVET and an equivocal increase in mean velociy of circumferential fiber shortening(Vcf). However there was no significant change in ejection fraction(EF) and heart rate. The steadystate SDC was 1.20+/-0.12(S.E.M.)ng/ml. 2. Excellent correlation of the systolic time interval sand ejection phase indices measured from mechanocardiography and those determined from echocardiography was demonstrated. 3. SDCs were measured before and following quinidine therapy in 20 patients receiving maintenance digoxin for heart failure and who require quinidine for suppression of ventricular premature beats. Steady-state SDC following quinidine(Y) could be estimated form steady-state SDC before quinidine(X) as expressed by regression equation, Y=-0.394+2.309 X with correlation coeffcient, r=0.927(p<0.01). 4. In 12 patients with atrial fibrillation receving maintenance digoxin 0.25 mg/day, SDC before and following coadministration fo first 160 mg/day and later 240 mg/day of verapamil for 7days on each occasion was 0.85+/-0.07(S.E.M.) ng/ml, 1.00+/-0.09(S.E.M.)ng/ml and 1.33+/-0.13(S.E.M.)ng/ml, respectively. The difference of SDC between at control and under 240mg/day of verapamil was significant statistically(p<0.05). 5. Digoxin 0.75mg single-dose studies of bioavailability in 11 healthy volunteers showed a statistically significant difference(p<0.05) of the area under the 8-hour SDC curve between the digoxin only group and the digoxin plus aluminium hydroxide gel group. The area under the curve was 680+/-25(S.E.M.) min*ng/ml and 509+/-29(S.E.M.) min*ng/ml, respectively.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Biological Availability ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Digoxin* ; Drug Interactions ; Echocardiography ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Failure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Quinidine ; Silicon Dioxide ; Systole ; Verapamil

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Female* ; Humans

Retrospective clinicopathologic analysis of 15 patients with the phyllodes tumors(PT) of the breast, diagnosed at SNUH over 6 years period, was done. By light microscopy, 8 cases were diagnosed as benign, and 7 cases were diagnosed as malignant. Mean ages o the patients were 37 and 34 years in malignant and benign, respectively. Most of those cases were presented with a palpable mass of the breast. None of the patients with malignant PT had distant metastasis, Local recurrences were experienced in 3 patients among the malignant PT, and one patient among the benign PT. One of 7 malignant PT was coexisted with simultaneous ipsilateral infiltrating duct carcinoma. The clinical course was not well correlated with pathologic features. The prognostic significances of several histopathologic parameters were assessed for possible correlation with local recurrence, metastasis and death; stromal cellularity, stromal cellular atypism, mitotic activity, tumor contour, necrosis, tumor size and heterologous stromal elements. Immunohistochemistry using antibody to vimentin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGF-R) were analysed. In the 5 cases of benign PT, the stromal cells stained diffusely positive for vimentin and 3 cases of malignant tumors show similar staining for vimentin. The percentage of PCNA-positive cells were higher in the malignant PT than in the benign ones; they were 3.5% to 60% in malignancy, while they were less than 60% in all benign PT. The results of EGF-R staining were correlated with the histologic classification; only 2 cases out of 8 benign PT show diffusely positive staining of EGF-R in the cytoplasm, but 6 cases out of 7 malignant PT show positive findings.
Neoplasm Metastasis

The mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare tumor in the lung. A case of bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology is presented. The smear showed many intermediate cells with occasional mucus-secreting cells. Malignant squamous cells were not present. The cellular arrangement of intermediate cells was overlapping and grouped in ball-like fashion. These cytologic features are unique for diagnosis of this tumor.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans ; Lung ; Mucoepidermoid Tumor