No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Eyelids*

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Finger Injuries* ; Fingers*

No abstract available.
Shoulder*

We conducted five times surveys, in June, September and October in 2012; June and September 2013, to catalog the mushroom flora in Ulleung-gun, Republic of Korea. More than 400 specimens were collected, and 317 of the specimens were successfully sequenced using the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer barcode marker. We also surveyed the morphological characteristics of the sequenced specimens. The specimens were classified into 2 phyla, 7 classes, 21 orders, 59 families, 122 genera, and 221 species, and were deposited in the herbarium of Korea National Arboretum. Among the collected species, 72% were saprophytic, 25% were symbiotic, and 3% were parasitic. The most common order was Agaricales (189 specimens, 132 species), followed by Polyporales (47 specimens, 27 species), Russulales (31 specimens, 22 species), Boletales (10 specimens, 7 species), and so on. Herein, we also reported the first Bovista species in Korea, which was collected from Dokdo, the far-eastern island of Korea.
Agaricales* ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Humans ; Korea ; Polyporales ; Republic of Korea*

During the 2014 survey of the mushroom flora of Gwangneung forest in South Korea, we collected two specimens of boletoid mushroom growing on a felled tree of Pinus koraiensis. These specimens were characterized by a light brown to reddish-brown pileus with appressed tomentum, pore surface bluing instantly when bruised, golden-yellow mycelium at the base of stipe, and lignicolous habitat. Both specimens were identified as Buchwaldoboletus lignicola, a rare basidiomycete, based on morphological characteristics and sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS; fungal barcode). Here, we describe these specimens and provide the first report of this genus in South Korea.

PURPOSE: Stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (SV AB) has recently been introduced as an alternative to the traditional surgical excisional biopsy with needle localization (NLBB). Although SVAB has excellent sensitivity and specificity with very low false negative results, patients might complain about the uncomfortable table and the painful breast compression that is done during SVAB. Furthermore, the cost of SVAB is too expensive to be widely adopted in Korea. So we developed a new technique of vacuum-assisted breast biopsy with air localization (VAB-AL) for the patients suffering with microcalcifications. METHODS: From April 2005 to Oct 2005, 10 microcalcification patients, whose lesions were difficult to be seen on breast ultrasonography, underwent vacuum-assisted breast biopsies with air localization (VAB-AL). First, classical NL was done to localize the mammographic abnormalities. Instead of insertion of the wire, 1 cc amounts of air were injected through a needle. The injected air could be easily visualized as a hyperechogenic density on breast sonography. Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy for the air-induced hyperechogenic densities was then done under sonographic guidance. The specimen radiography was performed to confirm that the lesion was removed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 46 (range: 37~55). The upper-outer quadrant of the breast was the most common site of the lesions (6/10, 60%); the upper-inner quadrant (2/10, 20%), and then the lower-inner quadrant (1/10, 10%) followed. The specimen radiology for all 10 patients showed that the mammographic abnormalities were successfully removed. The most common pathologic type was fibrocystic disease (6/10, 70%); intraductal carcinoma (3/10, 30%), and then atypical ductal hyperplasia (1/10, 10%) followed. There were no major complications. CONCLUSION: Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy with air localization is a new technique that can minimize the complaints of patients with microcalcifications about the uncomfortable table, the painful breast compression and the economic burden of SVAB. This new procedure was successfully performed in our 10 patients, and we believe this procedure shows a lot of promise as one of alternatives to classical NLBB and SVAB.
Biopsy* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Korea ; Needles ; Radiography ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

Amanita Pers. is a well-known monophyletic mushroom genus with a broad distribution. However, the diversity of Korean Amanita species has been underestimated, and most taxonomic studies conducted in Korea have only investigated their morphological characteristics. This approach is frequently insufficient for correct identification in fungal classification; therefore, we constructed a phylogeny of Amanita subgen. Lepidella in order to understand the phylogenetic placements of 16 Amanita specimens collected in Korea in 2012. The phylogeny constructed using the sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and the partial large subunit of ribosomal RNA identified nine Amanita species (A. citrina, A. excelsa var. spissa, A. flavipes, A. fritillaria, A. oberwinklerana, A. pallidorosea, A. rubescens, A. subjunquillea, and A. volvata); of these, A. fritillaria, A. oberwinklerana, and A. pallidorosea are new to Korea.
Agaricales ; Amanita* ; Classification ; Fritillaria ; Korea* ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal

The diversity of the genus Megacollybia in Korea was examined based on morphological observation and analysis of molecular data. Currently, the genus is consisted of nine species with a global distribution. However, only M. platyphylla has been reported in the floral survey of Korea. During our re-evaluation of the taxonomic diversity of Megacollybia in Korea, six Megacollybia specimens collected in 2012 were identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and morphology. Here, we report two Megacollybia species, M. clitocyboidea and M. marginata, as newly recorded species from Korea. The microscopic features of the two species are provided in this study. To our knowledge, this is the first phylogenetic analysis of Korean Megacollybia species.
Korea ; Phylogeny

We collected nearly 70 specimens of Amanita species during a diversity study of Korean mushrooms conducted in 2012. In this study, we primarily investigated 23 Amanita specimens belonging to sections Amanita and Vaginatae. Based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and partial large subunit of ribosomal RNA and morphological characteristics, we identified the following 15 phylogenetic species: A. alboflavescens, A. ceciliae, A. farinosa, A. fulva, A. griseofolia, A. ibotengutake, A. melleiceps, A. orientifulva, A. pantherina, A. rubrovolvata, A. sinensis, A. subglobosa, A. vaginata, A. cf. vaginata f. alba, and an undescribed Amanita species. In this study, four of the identified Amanita species (A. griseofolia, A. ibotengutake, A. orientifulva, and A. sinensis) were reported for the first time in Korea.
Agaricales ; Amanita* ; Korea ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal