OBJECTIVES: Several studies have shown that performance related musculoskeletal disorders present a significant and common health problem for instrument players. This study was conducted to investigate the symptom prevalence rate of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders and risk factors on symphony orchestra players. METHODS: The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and related factors including demographic factors, occupational factors, psychosocial factors, practice and performance-related behaviors of on 156 symphony orchestra players in Taegu city were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Instrument players have performed for 14. 6 years in average and worked 4. 9 for years in average as a member of symphony orchestra. The subjects consisted of 106 string players, 48 wind players, and 8 percussion players. The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders according to the NIOSH surveillance criteria was 79. 6 % and operational criteria by authors was 45. 9 %. The prevalence rate of viola players was higher than violin players, and the prevalence rate of the bass players was higher than that of the cello players. In univariate analysis, job insecurity, irregular performance, stress from family problems, and performance related psychosomatic strains had a significant association with the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders. In multiple logistic regression, job insecurity, irregular performance, and stress from family problems were significant variables affecting the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggest that symphony orchestra players are high risk group of musculoskeletal disorders. Irregular performance schedule and psychosocial stress including job insecurity, and psychosomatic strain were important risk factors of players musculoskeletal disorders. An exercise program such as stretching before and after performance, regular performance schedule and reduction of psychosocial stress might be helpful for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players.
Appointments and Schedules ; Bass ; Daegu ; Demography ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Percussion ; Prevalence ; Psychology ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Viola ; Wind

Tricho-rhion-phalangeal syndrome is characterized by the triad of slow growing, brittle hair and early loss of hair, distinctive faces which include a long philtrum and pear-shape nose, and peripheral cone shape epiphysis with brachyphalangia. Tricho-rhion-phalangeal syndrome is probably not so much uncommon. The tricho-rhion-phalangeal syndrome, however, is not well recognized to orthopaedic surgeons due to the minor finger deformities. We report a case of tricho-rhion-phalangeal syndrome with brief review of literature.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiphyses ; Fingers ; Hair ; Lip ; Nose ; Surgeons

Heterotopic pregnancy is the coexistency of intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is about 1 to 30,000 pregnancy in a natural cycle. However, the frequency of heterotopic pregnancy has steadily increased because of rising incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic surgery and the development of ovulation induction and assisted reproduction. Because heterotopic pregnancy is difficult to diagnose and it has high morbidity and mortality rate, one should always take this into consideration and should conduct careful and thorough gynecologic evaluation. We have experienced a case of heterotopic pregnancy in a 29-year old woman who presented with acute abdominal pain in a natural cycle and report this case with a brief review of literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Ovulation Induction ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproduction

No abstract available.
Chylous Ascites*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

Purpura fuIminans is a rare form of nonthrombocytapenic purpura characterized by sudden onset, fever, prostration, anemia and symmetrical massive ecchymoses, usually of the lower extremities, and hypotension associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). A 18 years old female patieat with characteristic clinical manifestations of purpura fulminans was seen at the department of Dermatology, St. Pauls Hospital. With intensive systemic corticasteroid and heparin treatmemts, the ecchymoses and necrosis began to heal, leaving multiple, thick esehar formation from 8th day, Although purpura fulminana has been known to attack mainly children, this case was of adolescent age.
Adolescent ; Anemia ; Child ; Dermatology ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Ecchymosis ; Female ; Fever ; Heparin ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Lower Extremity ; Necrosis ; Purpura Fulminans* ; Purpura*

OBJECTIVES: A cross sectional study was carried out in the welders exposed to manganese and control group. The aim of this study was to assess the adverse effects of manganese on central nervous system of welders. METHODS: The study group consisted of 49 welders and the reference group, 49 workers matched with welders for age and educational level in automobile manufacturing company. Concentration of manganese in welding hume, in blood, and cumulative exposure index(CEI) were determined for each subject. For each group, computerized neurobehavioral test including Simple Reaction Time, Digit Symbol, Digit Span, and Finger Tapping Speed of Swedish Performance Evaluation System were applied. RESULTS: Exposure level of manganese in welders were very low(mean CEI 0.069). Welders exposed to manganese had slower response speed, slower motor steadiness, and shorter memory span than control group. But these differences were not statistically significant. The performance of Finger Tapping Speed tended to lower as environmental and biological exposure index got higher. Other neurobehavioral tests were found to have a little association with the exposure indices. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference of neurobehavioral performance between welders and control group. This study indicates that Finger Tapping Speed measuring motor steadiness might be a one of useful tests for early detection of adverse effects of welding on central nervous system.
Automobiles ; Central Nervous System ; Fingers ; Manganese* ; Memory ; Reaction Time ; Welding

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare congenital disease. It is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by multiple bone fracture, blue sclera, hearing loss, abnormalities of dentition and widespread connective tissue ahnormality. We experienced a case of osteogenesis imperfecta diagnosed in utero by ultrasonogram and confirmed hy postnatal radiograph after delivery. We present the case with a hrief review of the literature.
Connective Tissue ; Dentition ; Fractures, Bone ; Hearing Loss ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Sclera ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Uric Acid*

BACKGROUND: The drug abuse has become one of social problems especially in the adolescents. It has been well known that the drug abuse is concerned with interaction of biopsychosocial factors and farnily relation factors. So I have studied the general characteristics and rearing attitude and family state of the adolesents who were in a jail because of drug abuse and have intended to give some help for establishing effective strategies for family education and therapy. METHODS: The study was done for adolescents who were in a jail because of violation the illegal drug control law. The group was total 55 men and the age distribution was frorn 15 to 20 years. The Questionnaire was used in Mar 1996 for study and I analyzed 53 cases excluding 2 cases because they were nearly illiterate. The FACES III(Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales), family APGAR score and PBI(Parental Bonding Instrument) were used for evaluating the characteristics of family function and the parental rearing attitude. Statistical management with SAS was executed for data analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the group was 6.9+/-1.4. 48.1% of them lived in the metropolitan area, 40.4% lived in the middle-sized cities and 11.5% lived in the small country towns. The education level of 91.8% was under middle-school graduate. They have use drugs since the age of 14.6+/-1.8, they began to use glue sniffing at the first time in 78.8% and butane gas inhalation in 17.3%. The state of family showed the death of father in 28.9% and the death of mother in 13.5 % and 76.9% of deaths occured before they have become 13 years. Their parents divorced in 25 %. The mean APGAR score was 4.56+/-2.6, which means moderately dysfunctional state of family. In FACES III adaptability score was 20.3+/-5.7 and cohesion score was 26.2+/-6.9. According to the family type by FACES III, there were 5 cases(9.4%) in balanced, 19 cases(35.9%) in midrange, and 29 cases(54.7%) in extreme. In PBI mother overprotection score was 16.24+/-4.59, mother care score was 22.5+6.8, father overprotection score was 16.71+/-5.1 father care was 21.94+/-6.24. CONCLUSIONS: The drug abused adolescents in a jail were in hadicapped family because of deaths and divorce of parents. Their family function score was low and more than half of them had the extreme type of family. Therefore it is wise for us to have a concern for the family problem when understanding and managing drug abused adolescents.
Adolescent* ; Age Distribution ; Apgar Score ; Divorce ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Education ; Fathers ; Humans ; Inhalant Abuse ; Inhalation ; Jurisprudence ; Male ; Mothers ; Parents ; Social Problems ; Statistics as Topic ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires