Total exchangeable sodium and plasma volume were measured to evaluate role of sodium in hypertension by radioisotope 24 Na and Evans blue in 25 patients with essential hypertension, 10 with malignant hypertension, 5 with renal hypertension and 15 normal controls. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The total exchangeable sodium content was 35.8+/-3.5mEq/kg in normal controls, 35.6+/-2.7mEq/kg in essential hypertension and 36.2+/-3.5mEq/kg in renal hypertension revealing no statistical significance in difference. In malignant hypertension, it was 44.9+/-2.0mEq/kg and it was markedly elevated than in normal controls. 2. Plasma volume in normal controls was 44.0+/-4.7ml/kg. In essential hypertension there was two groups, one (group II, 35.2+/-5.6ml/kg) was slightly lower than the other (group I, 43.2+/-4.8ml/kg). In malignant hypertension, it was 56.9+/-7.5ml/kg revealing significant increase than in normal controls. 3. Changes of the total exchangeable sodium content was observed after the administration of hydrochlorothiazide 50mg in normal controls and essential hypertension. In normal controls there was no statistical significance in reduction. In essential hypertension, initially low salt group (group II) showed no significant reduction and the other group (group I) showed significant reduction with depression on blood pressure. 4. Long term therapy with hydrochlorothiazide 50mg for 2~3 months in the group of hypertension who responded well with short term therapy (group I), the contents of exchangeable sodium reduced significantly than normal controls and the antihypertensive effect was sustained. 5. The reduction of plasma volume with hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension are similar as changes of total exchangeable sodium. 6. In cases of low salt diet 4gm of daily salt intake, there was similar results as diuretic therapy in exchangeable sodium. 7. In patients who responded well to antihypertensive effect of hydrochlorothiazide or low salt diet (group I), salt loading of 10gm daily showed an increase of total exchangeable sodium and an elevation of blood pressure with statistical significance.
Blood Pressure ; Depression ; Diet ; Evans Blue ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Hypertension, Malignant ; Hypertension, Renal ; Plasma Volume* ; Plasma* ; Sodium*

Total exchangeable sodium and plasma volume were measured to evaluate role of sodium in hypertension by radioisotope 24 Na and Evans blue in 25 patients with essential hypertension, 10 with malignant hypertension, 5 with renal hypertension and 15 normal controls. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The total exchangeable sodium content was 35.8+/-3.5mEq/kg in normal controls, 35.6+/-2.7mEq/kg in essential hypertension and 36.2+/-3.5mEq/kg in renal hypertension revealing no statistical significance in difference. In malignant hypertension, it was 44.9+/-2.0mEq/kg and it was markedly elevated than in normal controls. 2. Plasma volume in normal controls was 44.0+/-4.7ml/kg. In essential hypertension there was two groups, one (group II, 35.2+/-5.6ml/kg) was slightly lower than the other (group I, 43.2+/-4.8ml/kg). In malignant hypertension, it was 56.9+/-7.5ml/kg revealing significant increase than in normal controls. 3. Changes of the total exchangeable sodium content was observed after the administration of hydrochlorothiazide 50mg in normal controls and essential hypertension. In normal controls there was no statistical significance in reduction. In essential hypertension, initially low salt group (group II) showed no significant reduction and the other group (group I) showed significant reduction with depression on blood pressure. 4. Long term therapy with hydrochlorothiazide 50mg for 2~3 months in the group of hypertension who responded well with short term therapy (group I), the contents of exchangeable sodium reduced significantly than normal controls and the antihypertensive effect was sustained. 5. The reduction of plasma volume with hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension are similar as changes of total exchangeable sodium. 6. In cases of low salt diet 4gm of daily salt intake, there was similar results as diuretic therapy in exchangeable sodium. 7. In patients who responded well to antihypertensive effect of hydrochlorothiazide or low salt diet (group I), salt loading of 10gm daily showed an increase of total exchangeable sodium and an elevation of blood pressure with statistical significance.
Blood Pressure ; Depression ; Diet ; Evans Blue ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Hypertension, Malignant ; Hypertension, Renal ; Plasma Volume* ; Plasma* ; Sodium*

No abstract available.
Fracture Healing* ; Hematoma*

No abstract available.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Perfusion* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the role of HPV 16 and 18 in adenocarcinoma in situ(ACIS) of the uterine cervix. METHODS: Seventeen cases of primary cervical adenocarcinoma in situ were analyzed for HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction. HPV 16 and 18 DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic tissue sections by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: 35.3% and 23.5% of ACIS were positive for HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA, respectively. From the normal tissue, 11.8% were positive for HPV 16. Human papillomavirus positive patients were younger than negative patients but statistically insignificant(mean age 42.1 vs 51.7 years). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that HPV type 16 and 18 were closely related to etiology of the ACIS of the uterine cervix.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cervix Uteri* ; DNA ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans* ; Papilloma* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

No abstract available.
Estrogens* ; Prolactin* ; Testosterone*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the treatment results of geriatric intertrochanteric fractures by using Asian-Pacific Gamma nails. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1994 to June 1997, 58 cases of the intertrochanteric fractures were treated with Asian-Pacific Gamma nail, particularly compression hip screw fixation complications such as communited fracture involving lesser trochanter, transverse or reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture. We evaluated the bone union time, neck-shaft angle, lag screw sliding by follow up radiographs, and studied complications and intraoperative cautions. RESULTS: The average age was 74.4 years old, the mean duration of follow-up was 17 months, the mean duration of bone union was 14.2 weeks, the average neck-shaft angle was postop. 133+/-2.78 degree and last follow-up was 129.5+/-3.37 degree, and the average lag screw sliding was 4.7+/-3.16 mm. Intraoperative complications were difficulty in distal drilling (posterior drilling) in 4 cases, fracture displacement by nail insertion in 3 cases, and postoperative complications were coxa vara in 13 cases, superior cutting out of lag screw with nonunion in 1 case and superficial infection in 1 case. The entry portal must be formed by awling. The fracture displacement when inserting nail could be prevented by proper reaming after inserting the C-shaped guide pin, and posterior drilling could be avoided by confirming the locking between target device and nail. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the Asian-Pacific Gamma nail could appropriately treat the osteoporotic, communited intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients and we obtained satisfactory results.
Aged ; Coxa Vara ; Femur* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Postoperative Complications

No abstract available.
Fingers*

One case of cerebral embolism developed during cessation of supraventricular tachycardia in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is reported with brief review. Twenty five years old, male was admitted to Seoul National University hospital with palpitation. He had numerous episodes of paroxysmal tachycardia for 3 years. He was diagnosed as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome at this hospital, ca 6 months prior to admission. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was improved with atropine test at that time. The electrocardiogram on admission revealed Wolff-Parkinson-White synd rome associated with supraventricular tachycardia. He developed cerebral embolism after paroxysmal tachycardia of 22 days.
Atropine ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism* ; Male ; Seoul ; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome*

No abstract available.