Vasectomy is one of the accepted simple procedure as a contraceptive method. However, there have been no reliable reports on the rate of sperm disappearance from the ejaculate following vasectomy. Rieser found the 14 of the 21 patients with follow-up semen studies required an average of 8 weeks to be azoospermic, and Freund and Davis described that sperm free semen was noted after 6 to 10 ejaculations following bilateral vasectomy. In order to determine the exact end point in terms of the frequency of ejaculations after vasectomy to be sperm free in the ejaculate, a clinical observation was made on the 50 vasectomized patients for the last 3 years. Bilateral vasectomy was performed through a midline incision in the scrotal raphe under local anesthesia (2% procaine). Each semen specimen was collected by coitus using condom. The results obtained were as follows; l) The fourth decade was the most prevalent age group to have had vasectomy(44 cases). The mean number of children was 3. 3 (male 2.2, female 1.1). The 25 patients (38.5%) had two sons and a daughter, and there were no patients without a son. 2) The postoperative first specimen was obtained in all of the 50 cases, the second in 35, the third in 27. the fourth in 20, the fifth in 15, the sixth in 10, the seventh in 3, and the eighth in only one. 3) The meat volume of the semen was not varied with the frequency of ejaculations. The average number of the spermatozoa on the first ejaculate following vasectomy was 43 millions, 23 millions on the second, 16 millions on the third, and 2 millions on the fourth. 4) On the rate of sperm free in the ejaculates in terms of the number of the ejaculations, 7.4 per cent became azoospermic on the third, 20 per cent on the fourth, 33 per cent on the fifth, 60 per cent on the sixth, and 67 per cent on the seventh ejaculation.
Anesthesia, Local ; Child ; Coitus ; Condoms ; Contraception ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; Nuclear Family ; Semen ; Spermatozoa* ; Vasectomy*

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Salivary Glands*

Papillary ependymoma is a rare variant of ependymoma and often gives rise to confusion with choroid plexus papilloma because of topographic, light microscopic and ultrastructural similarities. Here, we report two cases of papillary ependymomas regarding their unique clinicopathologic features and differential points from choroid plexus papilloma. Brain MRI revealed a large mass in the left lateral ventricle in one case and a 3cm sized mass in the pineal area and the 3rd ventricle in the other. Microscopically, the tumor was characterized by papillary and tubular structures. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells in both cases expressed cytokeratins(CK22 and CAM 5.2) but did not express glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, and S100 protein. This is a very unusual immunohistochemical feature for papillary ependymoma. Ultrastructurally, the tumor showed a mosaic pattern of tumor cells with frequent intercellular microrosettes having a few stubby microvilli, a few cilia and zonulae adherentes. The cytoplasmic processes were markedly reduced compared to conventional ependymoma. The cytoplasm did not contain intermediate filaments. Interestingly, the mitochondria showed abnormal features with a pleomorphic shape and abnormal cristae in both cases. These ultrastructural features enabled differentiation between papillary ependymoma and choroid plexus papilloma in addition to the light microscopic findings.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Papillary/*pathology/surgery ; Case Report ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma/*pathology/surgery ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glioma/*pathology ; Human ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Age

Inclusion body myositis is a rare myopathy that clinically resembles a chronic polymyositis and histopathologically is characterized by the presence of rimmed vacuoles containing ultrastructural cytoplasmic degradation products with filamentous intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions. Since clinical features are not uniform, histopathologic and ultrastructural studies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. We report a typical case of inclusion body myositis with histopathologic and ultrastructural study. The patient was a 31 year old male who presented with progressive weakness of both forearms, hands and lower extremities for 10 years.
Adult ; Case Report ; Human ; Male ; Muscles/pathology ; Myositis, Inclusion Body/*pathology/physiopathology

A case of spinal meningeal melanocytoma is reported along with clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. This patient presented clinically with paraparesis, tingling sensation and numbness of both lower extremities of 4 months duration. No mucocutaneous pigmented nevi were found. On operation, scattered coal-black pigmented lesions were found in the meninges between T3 and T4-5 interspace level. Nearly total removal was carried out. The tumor was composed of spindle and epithelioid cells with heavy brown-black pigmentation. There was no pleomorphism, mitosis, hemorrhage, necrosis or invasion to the underlying cord tissue. In Korea, this case appears to be the first example of this disease. Neurologic deficit improved after surgical excision.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Meningeal Neoplasms/chemistry/*pathology/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Spinal Cord

BACKGROUND: Established risk factors for coronary artery disease include smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. However, these account for less than 50% of the actual incidence of coronary artery disease and the importance of other risk factors is being increasingly realized. It has been known that insulin resistance associated with hyperinsulinemia is a pivotal link to several risk factors of coronary artery disease, including hypertension, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and obesity. Recently both experimental and clinical studies have produced evidence suggesting that high plasma insulin level may promote the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseasa. Several prospective studies showed independently that high plasma insulin is associated with an increased risk of major coronary artery disease. In our study, plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide level were determined with oral glucose tolerance test to assess the insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia as a risk factory of coronary artery disease. METHOD: From September 1993 to April 1995, after excluding patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and obesity, 17 patients with significant coronary artery stenosis and 10 control subjects with normal coronary finding were selected among the 226 patients who undertook coronary angiography. In the 17 cases(M:F=15:2) of coronary artery disease group, the mean age was 54+/-10 years, and in the 10 cases(M:F=8:2) of control group, 51+/-9 years. All were matched for age, gender and body mass index. Blood pressure, lipid and lipoprotein were measured and smoking history was assessed. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide responses to oral glucose tolerance test were also determined. RESULT: 1) There was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic and diastolic blood pressure, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, ApoA and smoking history except ApoB between the subjects with coronary artery disease and normal control subjects. 2) In oral glucose tolerance test, the plasma glucose levels were not significantly different in the two groups. plasma insulin and C-peptide levels at 60 and 120 minutes were higher in the patient group than control, but the results lack statistical significance. The area under the insulin curve and C-peptide curve were larger in patient group than control, but the result lack statistical significance also. CONCLUSION: Although our study dose not prove the hypothesis that insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia is statistically an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, this study showed the tendency of insulinresistance to be correlated with development of coronary artery disease. As this study has limitations due to small sample size, further study is required to confirm the role of hyperinsulinemia using a larger sample size.
Apolipoproteins A ; Apolipoproteins B ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; C-Peptide ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyslipidemias ; Glucose ; Glucose Intolerance ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Lipoproteins ; Obesity ; Plasma ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sample Size ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

In order to observe the arrhythmia which occured in early convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction, a 24 hour ambulartory ECG monitiring was performed in 15 patients who is admitted at dept of Int Medicine, Ewha Womans University hospital from Aug. 1985 to Sept. 1986. during 7.5+/-3.4 days after admission. In all cases one or more of the following arrhythmias were observed;atrial premature beat, ventricular premature beat(VPB), transient paroxysmal ventricular thchycardia, atrial fibrillation, sinus arrest and junctional beat. Of 15 cases, 11(77.3%) had VPB's:Simple VPB's in 4 cases(26.7%) and complex VPB's(6.52+/-2.52)(P<0.05). But there were no difference of premature and abberancy index between complex VPB's and simple VPB's(P>0.1). In addition, we compaired the arrhythmias in CCU with those of early convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction. But there was no correlation between them.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Electrocardiography* ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

Pyloric duplication is a rare anomaly usually manifested as an abdominal mass or gastric outlet obstruction mimicking infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. We experienced a rare case of pyloric duplication without any evidence of a communication to neighboring organs including extrahepatic biliary tree or pancreatic duct in in a newborn male patient. We performed a complete excision of that lesion without bowel resection and encountered an uneventful postoperative recovery.
Biliary Tract ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic

PURPOSE: Although many useful articles appear in the journals published in Korea, they are not always cited by researchers mainly due to absence of efficient searching system. The authors made a program with 6 predefined filtering forms to detect published articles rapidly and accurately. MATERIALS: The program was coded using database management system CA-Clipper Version 5.2 (Computer Associates International, Inc.) through preliminary work for 1 year. We used 486 DX II (8 Mbyte RAM, VGA, 200 MByte Hard Disk), Ink-jet Printer (Hewlett Packard Company), and MS-DOS Version 5.0 (Microsoft Co.). We inputed total of 1986 articles published in the Journal of the Korean Radiological Society from 1981 to 1993. METHODS AND RESULTS: The searching time was 10 to 15 seconds for each use. We had very flexible user interfaces and simplified searching methods, but more complicated filterings could also be performed. CONCLUSION: Although the previous version have had some bugs, this upgrade version resolved the problems and fitted in searching articles. The program would be valuable for radiologist in searching articles published not only in the Journal of the Korean Radiological Society, but also in the Journal of the Korean Society of Medical Ultrasound and the Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine.
Database Management Systems ; Humans ; Korea ; Microcomputers* ; Nuclear Medicine ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation* ; Tendons*