No abstract available.
Skin*

BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are used prophylactically in surgery to prevent postoperative infection. However, antibiotics administered in large doses can cause a bleeding diathesis as a result of platelet dysfunction. We wondered whether these antibiotics might impair platelet function by interfering with the initial step of platelet activation: the binding of agonists to their specific receptors on the platelet surface. METHODS: In 30 patients (male 18, women 12) undergoing primary elective knee arthroscopic surgery, the whole blood coagulation system was prospectively evaluated before, and 10 and 40 minutes after administration of 1 g of augmentin. All patients who had abnormal preoperative coagulation profiles or who received anticoagulant or antiplatelet, antibiotics therapy within 7 days prior to surgery were precluded. RESULTS: At 10 minutes after augmentin administration 25 of 30 patients had a significant impairment in all phases of whole blood coagulation as monitored by thromboelastography. In contrast, three of 30 patients had a significantly decreased coagulation time. Two of 30 patients had no significant changes of TEG variables. TEG variables were restored toward baseline in fourty minutes after augmentin administration. CONCLUSIONS: Augmentin can cause a significant but transient change in the viscoelastic properties of blood. Coagulation parameters of the TEG should be measured prior to augmentin administration to prevent and prospect a bleeding diathesis as a result of platelet dysfunction.
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Arthroscopy ; Blood Coagulation ; Blood Platelets ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Knee ; Platelet Activation ; Prospective Studies ; Thrombelastography*

No abstract available.
Acrocephalosyndactylia* ; Hypertelorism* ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Transplants*

No abstract available.
Graft Survival* ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to ascertain the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) status and estrogen receptor(ER) and other prognostic factors in primary human breast cancer patients. We tried to evaluate the value of EGFR as a prognostic factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: EGFR and ER were measured by immunohistochemical staining. It was performed on section from paraffin blocks of 60 primary breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy at Chung-Ang University Hospital. And we evaluate the relationship between EGFR and ER and other prognostic factors. RESULTS: In 20 of 60 patients(33.3%), the staining was positive for the expression of EGFR. Of the 60 patients, 6 were both positive for EGFR and ER, 25 were both negative, 14 were EGFR positive and ER negative, 15 were EGFR negative and ER positive. Between EGFR and estrogen receptor(ER) status, previously known clear inverse relationship was not observed in our study. The EGFR status was not correlated with axillary lymph node involvement, histologic type, and histologic grading. But it was correlated with tumor size(p=0.049), and there was a high tendency of recurrence rate of patients with EGFR-positive tumors as compared with those with EGFR-negative tumors(p=0.078). CONCLUSION: EGFR status may be valuable as a prognostic factor in determining the prognosis of breast cancer. However, the study of more cases will be needed for the significance of the information about the EGFR as an independent prognostic factor.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Recurrence

Plexiform schwannoma is a rare benign tumor arising from the peripheral nerve sheath and characterized by a multinodular and plexiform growth pattern. This tumor usually arises sporadically. In rare cases, plexiform schwannomas have been associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. Plexiform schwannoma should be differentiated from plexiform neurofibroma, because the latter is pathognomonic tumor of neurofibromatosis type 1 and has a potential of malignant transformation. We report a case of multiple plexiform schwannomas associated with bilateral acoustic neuromas and meningioma.
Meningioma ; Neurilemmoma* ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Neurofibromatosis 2* ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; Peripheral Nerves

BACKGROUND: The overall prognosis of acute leukemia has dramatically improved in the past 20 years, primarily due to the use of intensive multiagent chemotherapy in combination with CNS prophylaxis. However, increased aggressiveness of treatment protocols was entailed a great risk of various toxic effects. Endocrine function was also affected. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of chemotherapy on thyroid function in children with acute leukemia. METHOD: Parameters of thyroid function during chemotherapy were measured in 11 children with acute leukemia. Level of the serum 73,74 and TSH were determined before therapy, 7th day and 30th day of chemotherapy. Determination of serum 73, 74 and TSH were performed by conventional radioimmunoassay technique. Statistical analysis was done using SAS software. RESULT: 1) Level of level 73 was normal in 7 cases before therapy and decreased in 9 cases on 7th day of remission induction therapy. On 30th day, 73 level was increased to normal value. 2) Level of 74 was normal before therapy and decreased on 7th day of therapy. On 30th day of therapy 74 level showed various change. Three of them showed sustained low level of 74 on 7th and 30th day. 3) Level of TSH were normal before therapy and decreased on 7th day of therapy, followed achievement of normal level after completion of induction therapy. CONCLUSION: We conclude that during induction chemotherapy in childhood acute leukemia, thyroid function was impaired which was reversible.
Child ; Clinical Protocols ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Leukemia* ; Prognosis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values ; Remission Induction ; Thyroid Gland*

BACKGROUND: Scapular notching can happen at diverse location depending on implant design or operative technique, therefore, it is easily misdiagnosed. Thus, this study purposed to suggest a method helpful to assess scapular notching. METHODS: The subjects were 73 cases of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for cuff tear arthropathy during the period from May 2009 to April 2014 and followed-up for over a year. There was medialized RSA in 22 cases, bone increased offset RSA (BIO-RSA) in 36 cases, and metal increased offset RSA (metal-RSA) in 15 cases. Scapular notching was not determined by bone defect at the inferior of glenosphere as Sirveaux's classification, but scapular notching at the site where the rotational route of the polyethylene of humeral implant met the scapular neck were examined. The results were compared with conventional method. RESULTS: By conventional method, scapular notching was observed in 10 cases (45.5%) in medialized RSA, 12 cases (33.3%) in BIO-RSA, and none in metal-RSA. By new method, it was observed in 9 cases (40.9%) in medialized RSA, 10 cases (27.8%) in BIO-RSA, and none of metal-RSA. The site of scapular notching was apart from glenoshpere in 18 cases, and at inferior of glenosphere in 1 case. Absorption of bone graft was observed in 4 (11.1%) out of 36 cases of BIO-RSA. CONCLUSIONS: It is hard to distinguish scapular notching from absorption of bone graft in BIO-RSA, and bone absorption at the lateral lower end of glenoid in medialized RSA. Thus, it is considered useful to assess scapular notching at the site where the rotational route of the polyethylene insert meets scapular neck.
Absorption ; Arthroplasty* ; Classification ; Neck ; Polyethylene ; Shoulder* ; Tears ; Transplants

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was aimed to examine if FB1 induced-hepatotoxicity involves apoptosis, and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CS) pre-treatment would selectively interfere with FB1 induced-apoptosis of hepatocytes. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenousely injected with FB1 (1.25 mg/kg/day) for two days, and were sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after injection. Another experiment group was composed of rats with pretreatment of CS (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) before FB1 injection. RESULTS: This study demonstrated that administration of hepatotoxic dose of FB1 to Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in liver injury leading to cell death by apoptosis. FB1-induced apoptosis was preceded by early elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, and appearance of injured pre-apoptotic cells at 12 hours was followed by massive fragmentation and margination of heterochromatin at 24 hours. CS pre-treatment prior to FB1 injection ameliorated serum biochemistry and hepatic injury with apoptosis, demonstrated by histological, ultrastructural and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling) methods. In addition, there was remarkable decrease in number of PCNA (proliferative cell nuclear antigen)-positive proliferating hepatocytes compared to that of FB1 treated group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that apoptosis significantly contributes to FB1-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo, and pre-exposure of rat to CS prevents FB1-induced hepatic apoptosis and proliferation.
Alanine Transaminase ; Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biochemistry ; Cell Death ; Cholesterol ; Hepatocytes* ; Heterochromatin ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Liver* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley