This study was undertaken to investigate immunological mechanisms in Behçet's syndrome, a function considered important in the pathogenesis of the disease. The activity of interleukin-2 (IL-2), which is believed, to play a central role in the regulation of both cell-mediated and humoral T cell-dependent immune responses, measured in 46 patients with complete, in-complete or suspected Behçet's syndrome. The results were as follows: 1 . There was no significant difference between the average IL-2 activity of patients and control group. 2. For each clinical subtype of Behçet's syndrome, IL-2 activity was lower than the control value, but the difference was not statistically significant. 3. In mucocutaneous and ocular types, the greater the clinical symptoms, the lower the value of IL-2 activity. However, the decrease of IL-2 activity was not statistically significant. In conclusion, IL-2 activity of phytohemaggludnin (PHIS-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with Behçet's syndrome was not significantly decreased compared to control population.
Humans ; Interleukin-2* ; Lymphocytes

The authors studied paranoid ideation and obsession, using Derogatis' SCL-90, in the subjects of 2,564 male and 1,252 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of Self-Rating Paranoid ideation and Obsession Scale during the periods from January to February, 1987, and applied ANOVA and t-test on paranoid ideation and obsession scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors, and sexes. The results are as follows: 1. There was not significant difference in the mean averages of total paranoid ideation scores between male and female students: male students scored 4.16±3.09, female students scored 4.16±2.91. 2. High scored items were delusion and suspiciousness. 3. Fifty-nine male students (2.3%) showed high paranoid ideation scores of 12 or higher, while twenty-six female students (2.1%) showed the same scores. 4. There was strong tendency toward higher paranoid ideation scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present or future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The male students who believed protestantism showed higher level of paranoid ideation scores (P<0.01). The male students who attended the department of fine art showed higher level of paranoid ideation scores (P<0.05). 5. There was significant difference in the mean averages of total obsession scores between male and female students (P<0.05): male students scored 10.40±5.43, female students scored 10.75±5.02 6. High scored items were perfectionism, indecisiveness, inattention & obsessive thoughts. 7. Thirty-eight male students (1.6%) showed high obsession scores of 25 or higher, while fifteen female students (1.2%) showed the same scores. 8. There was strong tendency toward higher obsession scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present, or future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The female students who attended the department of home economic & whose educational fees were paid by her brothers & sister, showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.01).
Atmosphere ; Delusions ; Fees and Charges ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obsessive Behavior* ; Parents ; Protestantism ; Psychology ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Siblings

No abstract available.
Onychomycosis* ; Urea*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mothers*

The Clufoot is still controversial in the etiology, the pathology, and the method of the treatment. Turco issued one stage posteromedial soft tissue release in 1971, which is still widely used. But the Turco's procedure is not satisfactory results in forefoot adduction and ankle motion. McKay and Simon were performed one stage complete subtalar soft tissue release and reported better results compared with those who had posteromedial release. So we performed Turco's posteromedial release with lateral release by Cincinnati incision in 12 patients (20 feet) and analysis the results from Oct. 1987 to Jul. 1989 at the department of orthopaedic surgery of CNUH. The results were as followings ; 1. The mean age of the patient at first examination was 1 year 9 months (range from at birth to 5 year 10 months) and the mean age at operation was 2 year 1 month (range from 4 months to 5 year 10 months). 2. The clinical results were excellent in 2 feet, good in 14 feet, fair in 3 feet and unsatisfactory in 1 foot. 3. The radiological results were satisfactory in 18 feet and unsatisfactory in 2 feet. 4. Forefoot adduction was corrected in 14 feet (70%) as normal range, 3 feet as acceptable, and 3 feet as unacceptable 10' over the normal range. 5. Two feet of hind foot overcorrection result was operation as McKay's method. 6. The Clincinnati incision was favorable to visulization and release of the posteromedial, anteromedial and posterolateral structure of the foot.
Ankle ; Clubfoot ; Foot ; Humans ; Methods ; Parturition ; Pathology ; Reference Values

Functional voiding disorder is characterized by symptoms referable to the genitourinary organs without organic obstruction or neurovesical dysfunction. In an attempt to understand possible mechanisms of symptoms of functional voiding disorder in young male adult, we retrospectively reviewed the urodynamic findings of 51 men with functional voiding disorder between the ages of 19 and 51 (mean 40.7 years). Presenting symptoms are divided into three groups: 1) Sx. of irritation(irritation group) in 17 patients; 2) Sx. of bladder outlet obstruction(BOO group) in 25 patients; 3) Sx. of bladder outlet obstruction with episodes of overdistention (overdistention group) in 9 patients. On filling cystometry, time of first filling sense and urge sense was delayed significantly in overdistention group and involuntary contraction was found in 5 patients with BOO(20%), in 3 patients with irritation(18%), and in 1 patients with episodes of overdistention. In overdistention group, maximal voiding detrusor pressure was significantly lower and amount of postvoiding residual urine was significantly larger than other two group on pressure/flow study. Total voiding time and time to maximal uroflow rate were delayed significantly in BOO and overdistention group. Pseudo detrusor-sphincter-dyssynergia was found in 3 patients among 25 patients with BOO. Therefore, we were able to find correlations between specific symptomatic group and urodynamic parameters by this result. Results of urodynamic assessment were divided into 5 categories: Impaired detrusor contractility(IDC), detrusor instability(DI), obstruction, sensory urge syndrome, and equivocal studies. DI was found in 20% of patients with irritation or BOO. IDC was found in 80% of patients with episodes of overdistention and in 24% of patients with BOO. Thorough care is necessary in determining the treatment modality, and in follow up evaluation for patients showing IDC, DI or obstruction on urodynamic study. Conclusively, urodynamic study is thought to afford the opportunity in identifying these specific voiding disorder.
Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urodynamics* ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Granular Cell Tumor ; Scalp

No abstract available.
Blister* ; Fibroma*

No abstract available.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Nipples*