The authors report a clinical experience of 95 patients (98 hips) with congenital dislocation of hip under the age of 2 years who were followed up at least 1 year at Chonnam University Hospital between 1979 and 1988. The result of clinical analysis are as follows; 1. The most patients were girls, comprising 87 girls (89 hips) and 8 boys (9 hips). 2. The age at treatment were under the age of 6 months in 49 hips, 7 to 12 months in 5, 13 to 18 months in 30 and 19 to 24 months in 14. 3. The initial treatment of the 98 hips were Pavlik harness in 49 hips, closed reduction in 18, and open reduction in 31. 4. Pavlik harness was applied to the patients under the age of 7 months and the results were acceptable in 37 hips (76%), uncertain in 4 (8%) and unacceptable in 8 (16%). The 8 unacceptable hips were retreated by closed reduction in 6 hips and open reduction in 2. 5. Closed reduction was applied to the patients ranging from the age of 4 months to 21 months and the results were acceptable in 14 hips(78%), unacceptable in 4 (22%). The 4 unacceptable hips were retreated by open reduction in 3 hips and Salter innominate osteotomy in l. 6. Open reduction was applied to the patients ranging from the age of 7 months to 20 months, and the results were acceptable in 26 hips (84%), uncertain in 3 (10%) and unacceptable in 2 (6%). The one of 2 unacceptable hips was retreated by Salter innominate osteotomy. 7. The overall results of 98 hips following initial treatment were acceptable in 77 hips (79%), uncertain in 7 (7%), and unacceptable in 14 (14%). The final results after secondary treatment were acceptable in 89 hips (91%), uncertain in 7 (7%), and unacceptable in 2 (2%).
Child ; Dislocations ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Osteotomy

In order to designate a status necessary for establishment of preventive measures and guidelines of health education against hepatitis B in the course of secondary school education, knowledge and practice toward hepatitis B virus infection was surveyed by a questionnaire method on total of 4,855 college entrants in the academic year of 1987 and analyzed the data collected using IBM PC(Trigem 88-II) with SAS package program. About two percent of college entrants had past history of HBV infections not showing any difference between both sexes and geographical regions. About one third(33.7%) of total students had tested hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), only 4% had tested hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb) and vaccination rate amounted to 24.6%, one fourth of total subjects. Both serological tests and vaccination were most commonly performed during adolescence, showing higher rates in female students than in male students. The rates also seemed to be higher in those from urban cities than those from rural cities. Students who had acquired correct knowledge that hepatitis B was infected by virus were amounted to 78.5% of college entrants, and remaining 21.5% had misunderstood that rickettsia, bacteria, fungi or parasites were casual agents. Female students were better aware of the causal agents than male students but there was no difference between places of growth. As for mode of transmission of HBV, 51.5% of male students and 47.7% of female students had correct knowledge. A very few student had known that fact that HBV was transmitted by body fluids such as tear (6.9%), nasal discharge(10.1%) and semen or vaginal secretion(19.2%) and majority(75%) of students had misunderstood that hepatitis B virus would be transmitted per os through food ingestion. Approximately one half(48.9%) of college entrants had correctly whom to be vaccinated. Approximately one half of the students knew that hepatoma(57.8%) and liver cirrhosis(57.4%) might complicate with hepatitis B virus infection, whereas 12.0% of the students responded that bronchitis was one of the complications of hepatitis B infection. In summary of the above results, we highly recommend that health education program for eradication of hepatitis B virus infection should be introduced in curricula of secondary school education in this country.
Adolescent ; Bacteria ; Body Fluids ; Bronchitis ; Curriculum ; Eating ; Education ; Female ; Fungi ; Health Education ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Liver ; Male ; Parasites ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rickettsia ; Semen ; Serologic Tests ; Tears ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; DNA* ; Genome* ; Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Plasmids*

No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Humans ; Neutrophils* ; Superoxides*

Electrocardiographic findings in 18 cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM) were compared with those in 20 hypertensives with disproportinate septal hypertrophy(DSH) and in 20 normal controls. In conventional 12 leads electrocardiograms, abmormal Q waves were seen only in 6 cases of HOCM and none in the remadinder. The R waves were tallest in leads V4 in 6 cases(33%) of HOCM, 3(15%) hypertensives with DSH, and 4(20%) of the controls. The correlations of the QRS voltages with echocardiographically measured left ventricular dimension, interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular mass were significant in the hypertensives with DST and normal controls, but insignificant in patients with HOCM. We conclude that these electrocardiographic differences in patients with HOCM from the others would be caused by uneven distribution of hypertrophied muscle mass in the left ventricule and/or by the altered depolarization in hypertrophied cardiac muscles.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Electrocardiography* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Myocardium

Endotoxin is a component of bacterial outer membrane. Endotoxin is generally a heat-stable toxin that has the various biological activities such as pyrogenicity, macrophage and complement activation. To determine the source of endotoxin contamination in our water processing and dialysate-delivery system in Korea, endoxin was monitored in tap water at the inlet of water softening, in processed water, at the inlet of dialysate proportioner and in the dialysate at the inlet and outlet of the dialyzer. The endotoxin levels were 24.9ng/ml at the inlet of water softening and 2.3ng/ml in processed water. The removal rate of endotoxin during water processing is 90.7%. Endotoxin concentration were 3.58ng/ ml at the inlet of dialyzer and 12.4ng/ml at the outlet of dialyzer. There was no statistically significant change between the inlet of dialyzer and the outlet of dialyzer. These result suggested that a reverse-osmosis system appeared necessary for decreasing endotoxin in tap water to a certain concentration, so the level of endotoxin in the dialysate would be minimal.
Bays ; Complement Activation ; Dialysis* ; Korea ; Macrophages ; Membranes ; Renal Dialysis* ; Water ; Water Softening

BACKGROUND: Pruritus is one of the most common complaints of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. But its etiology is not clear, and there is no universally effective treatment. Recently we have experienced eosinophilia in hemodialysis patients suffering from pruritus. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the this study was to evaluate the relationship between pruritus and eosinophilia in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: We examined degree of pruritus and eosinophilia in 65 patients with end stage renal disease who were on hemodialysis from September 1996 to August 1997 in artificial kidney center of Chonbuk National University Hospital. The study was conducted by means of personal interview, physical examination, and review of medical records. The degree of pruritus was measured by scores from minimal 0 point to maximal 48 points and more than 5% or 500/mm3 eosinophils in peripheral blood was regarded as eosinophilia. RESULTS: 1)Incidence of each cutaneous symptoms were pruritus(61.5%), xerosis(35.4%), hyperpigmentation (30.8%), easy bruising(16.9%), nail change(12.3%), decreasing in sweating(10.8%), hypotrichosis(7.7%), and acne(4.6%). 2)Forty(61.5%) of 65 patients undergoing hemodialysis had pruritus, 32.3% in mild, 20% in moderate, and 9.2% in severe degree by pruritus score. 3)Nineteen(29.2%) of the 65 patients had eosinophilia:23.8%(5/21) of patients with mild pruritus, 30.7%(4/13) of patients with moderate pruritus, and 66.7%(4/6) of severe pruritus. It could be said that prevalence of eosinophilia was related to the severity of pruritus. 4)With repeated hemodialysis the severity of pruritus increased in 65%(26/40), decreased in 22.5% (9/40), did not change in 12.5%(5/40) of patients with pruritus. 5)Pruritus was not related to the serum calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus(PO4), CaxPO4 product, BUN, or creatinine. There was, however, significant correlations with the serum alkaline phohphatase. CONCLUSION: There was a positive correlation bet- ween the prevalence of eosinophilia and severity of pruritus in patients on hemodialysis.
Calcium ; Creatinine ; Eosinophilia* ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Jeollabuk-do ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidneys, Artificial ; Medical Records ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Pruritus* ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Adenosine* ; Diagnosis* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

Exercise-induced ischemic ST responses were analyzed in 36 patients who presented with chest pain and had exercise test and the results were compared with their coronary angiographic findings. Among 36 exercise test positives, the incidences of one-, two- and three vessel disease, and left main disease were 25%(9 cases), 30%(11 cases), 25%(9 cases) and 9%(3 cases), respectively. The incidence of multivessel disease(i.e., two-to three vessel disease or left main disease) in patients with ST depression > or =2.0mm was 72% and that in those with ST depression of 1.0-1.9mm was 45%. In patients with downsloping ST depression, the incidence of multivessel disease was significantly higher than that of one vessel disease(86% vs 14%, p<0.001). But both incidences of one vessel disease and multivessel disease were similar in patients with flat and slowly upsloping ST depression. More than two thirds of patients with ischemic ST depression appearing in the first 6 minutes of exercise or those lasting past 7 minutes in recovery were associated with multivessel disease. It is concluded that attention to depth, type, appearance time and duration of ST depression during exercise test is particularly helpful in detecting patients with advanced coronary disease.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Depression ; Electrocardiography* ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Incidence

This is a case report and review of literature of a rare mixed odontogenic tumor, ameloblastic fibro-odontoma in the posterior area of the mandible. The ameloblastic fibro-odontoma which was developed by hyperplasia of dental epithelium and mesenchymal tissue. This tumor was classified from ameloblastic odontoma by Hooker, in 1967. At first and characterized by mixed appearance of odontoma and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma, But, on the point of pathologic feature, there are many controversial opinions among scholars up to the present. The patients of this case report was refereed to our department via the pedodontic department for the treatment of hard mass on the premolar area of the left mandible. And then, on the clinical and radiographic examination at first visit, we had tentative diagnosis that the lesion was benign mixed odontogenic tumor of defined mass margin that was amelblastic fibro-odontoma. The tumor mass was removed by surgical enucleation and curettage and extracted left mandibular second premolar which was impacted on the lesion. And the removed tumor mass was confirmed to ameloblastic fibro-odontoma on the post-operative biopsy. The patients has well done follow-up check postoperatively and shown no sign of recurrence up to the present.
Ameloblasts* ; Bicuspid ; Biopsy ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Mandible* ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Odontoma ; Recurrence