No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Rats* ; Serotonergic Neurons*

No abstract available.
Necrosis*

No abstract available.
Thyroglobulin* ; Thyroid Gland*

LMP (latent membrane protein)-1 protein is one of the Epstein-Barr viral proteins and it is the most crucial one for the transforming activity. It is known to show considerable variation in its nucleic acid sequence and some biologic difference is reported to be associated with the variation. Twenty four cases of the EBV-associated Hodgkin's disease cases were searched for the 30-bp deletion within the C terminal intracytoplasmic domain of LMP-1 oncogene, one of the well-known genetic variation, by PCR and Southern blot using selected sets of primers and probes. The strain of the virus was also determined with PCR. Each case was positive both on LMP-1 immunostaining and in situ hybridization for EBER (Epstein-Barr encoded RNA). Deletion within LMP-1 oncogene was identified in 22 cases (92%), of which 5 cases showed wild form as well as a deleted form of LMP-1 at the same specimens. In seven cases showing the non-deleted form, pure or mixed with a deleted form, the distribution of sex and age was similar to that of the deleted form-only-group, but there was a slight tendency for a higher stage at presentation (4 of the 7 cases presented with stage IV). Those seven cases comprised of 4 cases of nodular sclerosis (NS), 2 cases of mixed cellularity (MC) and a case of lymphocyte depletion subtype while there were 9 and 12 cases of NS and MC among all the examined cases, respectively. Two cases with both a deleted form and the non-deleted form of LMP-1 showed type I and II strain of the virus while all the others contained only type of the. In conclusion, the rate of deletion in LMP-1 oncogene in our series was higher than that reported in western countries and there was a slight tendency for higher stages in cases detecting mixed deleted and non-deleted forms of LMP-1 than in cases a of deleted from of LMP-1.
Blotting, Southern ; Genetic Variation ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Hodgkin Disease* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Korea* ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Membranes ; Oncogenes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sclerosis ; Viral Proteins

The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma category of the Revised European American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) encompasses different morphologic lymphoma subtypes in a single entity, especially the diffuse large cell (DLC) and the immunoblastic (IBL) subtypes by Working Formulation (WF). The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the morphologic subdivision within this category with respect to clinical outcome and proliferative index using Ki-67 immunostainig combined with image analysis. We retrospectively reviewed 74 patients from 1990 to 1996, who were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. All cases were reclassified according to REAL and Working Formulation (WF), and Ki-67 immunostaining was performed in all the cases. Fifty-eight cases (78.4%) were classified as DLC and 16 cases (21.6%) as IBL, according to WF. Twenty one cases (28.4%) showed nodal involvement and 53 cases (71.6%), extranodal involvement. All cases were found to display a variable degree of nuclear Ki-67 staining. A proliferative index of 50% or higher identified a group of patients (77%) who had poor clinical results. Overall survival was significantly reduced in these patients displaying high Ki-67 associated proliferative index compared to those with a low proliferative index (p=0.007). 5-year survival estimates were 93% in the low proliferative index group and 55% in the high proliferative index group. A multivariate regression analysis incorporating commonly used clinical prognostic factors confirmed the independent effect of proliferation index on survival. Moreover, all of the 16 IBL cases showed Ki-67 positivity of 50% or higher, which correlates with the poor clinical outcome compared to 70.7% of DLC (p=0.014). We conclude that subdivision of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma category of the REAL classification is necessary in terms of prognostic significance in correlation with Ki-67 proliferative index.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Classification ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; Retrospective Studies

We have analysed 144 patients with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage, admitting from January 1992 to December 1993. Surgical treated group with Komai's stereotactic system was 71 patients and medical treated group was 73 patients. The results were as follows: 1) The patients with ventricular rupture were 36 cases(25%). According to the degree of ventricular rupture, the mortality was increased and the good outcome was decreased(P<0.01). 2) The prognosis was evaluated in favorable condition(alert and drowsy) and unfavorable condition(stuporous, semicomatose, comatose). In unfavorable condition, the mortality of surgical patients was lower than that of non-surgical patients(P<0.01). 3) Surgical patients with smaller hematoma(< or = 40ml) showed btter outcome than non-surgical patients:The statistical difference was not significant. But in larger hematoma(>40ml), the outcome in both treated group was similar. 4) According to CT classification, in class II(extending to anterior limb of internal capsule), good outcome of surgical group was better than that of non-surgical group. In class V(extending th thalamus or subthalamus), the mortality in surgical group was lower than that of non-surgical group(P<0.05) .
Classification ; Extremities ; Humans ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Putaminal Hemorrhage* ; Rupture ; Thalamus

A 47-year-old woman with stage IV chronic kidney disease developed a fistula between common carotid artery (CCA) and internal jugular vein (IJV) during central catheterization of the right IJV. The patient was treated with a self-expandable graft stent, which achieved successful closure of the carotid-jugular fistula. As demonstrated in our case, self-expandable graft stents could be a feasible treatment option for CCA-IJV fistulas without additional interventional procedures such as balloon angioplasty.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Carotid Artery, Common* ; Catheterization, Central Venous ; Female ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Jugular Veins* ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Stents* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: The insulin resistance is reported as the independent risk factor of the DM and the ischemic heart disease. The association between the insulin resistance and the essential hypertension was reported at the various countries and races. We performed this study to know if the hypertensive patients show the increased insulin resistance than that of the normotensive persons and factors that influence the insulin resistance and the blood pressure. METHODS: The serum lipid profiles, OGTT, body habitus measurement and abdominal CT at umbilical level were performed in 24 hypertensive patients(male : 10, female : 14) and 45 normotensive persons(male : 19, female : 26) who showed the same distributions of age, sex, weight and body mass index(BMI). RESULTS: The average age of the hypertensive group was 49.1+/-7.9 years, and that of the normotensive group was 46.1+/-7.6 years(p>0.05). The average blood pressure of the hypertensive group was 152.2+/-14.2/98.4+/-6.4mmHg and that of the normotensive group was 116.8+/-9.4/78.2+/-49.mmHg(p<0.001). The hypertensive group had significantly higher area under curve(AUC) of glucose(246.8+/-30.4 Vs 219.2+/-32.2mg/dL.hr) and AUC of insulin(88.9+/-38.2 Vs 69.6+/-34.2microU/mL.hr) than the normotensive group(p<0.05), while there were no differences in the age, sex, weight, body mass index(BMI) and waist to hip ratio(WHR) between two groups. They had nodifferences in lipid profile and plasma renin activity. In CT assessment, the hypertensive group had significantly higher visceral fat to thigh muscle area ratio(VSFTM ratio)(0.61+/-0.29 Vs 0.47+/-0.20) and visceral fat to thigh muscle and fat area ratio(VSFTMF ratio)(0.27+/-0.10 Vs 0.22+/-0.13)(p<0.05), while they had same degree of visceral fat to subcutaneous fat area(VS) ratio and visceral fat area. The visceral fat area, VSFTM ratio, VS ratio, visceral fat area to thigh fat area ratio(VSFTF ratio) were positively correlated with AUC of insulin and AUC of glucose ordinary(p<0.05). After adjustment for plasma insulin, AUC of insulin, VS ratio, VSFTM ratio, age and BMI, the AUC of glucose was positively correlated with the diastolic blood pressure(R square=0.19, p <0.05) and the AUC of glucose and WTR were positively correlated with the systolic blood pressure(R square=0.26, p<0.05). THe subgroup over the 75 percentile of AUC of glucose, AUC of insulin and VSFTM ratio in study population had significantly higher odds ratio of the hypertension(OR of AUC of glusose : 5.8, OR of AUC of insulin : 3.2, OR of VSFTM ratio : 4.5, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the insulin resistance is more prevalent in the hypertensive patients and associated with the hypertension.
Area Under Curve ; Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Hip ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Odds Ratio ; Plasma ; Renin ; Risk Factors ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Thigh ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Thyroglobulin* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Allografts* ; Glomerulonephritis*