No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Abscess*

Osseointegrated titanium implants have become an integral therapy for the replacement of teeth lost. For dental implant materials, titanium, hydroxyapatite and alumina oxide have been used, which of them, titanium implants are in wide use today. Titanium is known for its high corrosion resistance and biocompatability, because of the high stability of oxide layer mainly consists of TiO2. With the development of peri-implantitis, the implant surface is changed in surface topography and element composition. None of the treatments for cleaning and detoxification of implant surface is efficient to remove surface contamination from contaminated titanium implants to such extent that the original surface elemental composition. In this sights, the purpose of this study was to evaluate rough surface titanium implants by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) with respect to surface appearance and surface elemental composition. Moreover, it was also the aim to get the base for treatments of peri-implantitis. For the SEM and XPS study, rough surface titanium models were fabricated for control group. Six experimental groups were evaluated: 1) long-time room exposure, 2) air-powder abrasive cleaning for 1min, 3) burnishing in citric acid(pH1) for 1min, 4) burnishing in citric acid for 3min, 5) burnishing in tetracycline for 1min, 6) burnishing in tetracycline for 3min. All experimental treatments were followed by 1min of rinsing with distilled water. The results were as follows: 1. SEM observations of all experimental groups showed that any changes in surface topography were not detected when compared with control group. (750x magnification) 2. XPS analysis showed that in all experimental groups, titanium and oxygen were increased and carbon was decreased, when compared with control group. 3. XPS analysis showed that the level of titanium, oxygen and carbon in the experimental group 3(citric acid treatment for 1min, followed by 1min of distilled water irrigation) reached to the level of control group. 4. XPS analysis showed that significant differences were not detected between the experimental group 1 and the other experimental groups except of experimental group 3. The Ti. level of experimental group 2, air-powder abrasive treatment for 1min followed by 1 min of saline irrigation, was lower than the Ti. level of tetracycline treated groups, experimental group 5 and 6. From the result of this study, it may be concluded that the 1min of citric acid treatment followed by same time of rinsing with distilled water gave the best results from elemental points of view, and can be used safely to treat peri-implantitis.
Aluminum Oxide ; Carbon ; Citric Acid ; Corrosion ; Decontamination* ; Dental Implants ; Durapatite ; Oxygen ; Peri-Implantitis ; Tetracycline ; Titanium* ; Tooth ; Water

The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of dehiscence bone defect on peri-implant and to compare the difference between resorbable membrane and non-resorbable membrane in bone regeneration on peri-implant. Amomg the patients, 22 patientswho have recieved an implant surgery at the department of Periodontics in Dankook University Dental Hospital showed implant exposure due to the dehiscence defect and 27 implants of these 22 patients were the target of the treatment. Gore-Tex(R) and Bio-mesh(R) were applied to the patients and treated them with antibiotics for five days both preoperatively and postoperatively. Reentry period was 26 weeks on average in maxilla and 14 weeks on average in mandible. The results were as follows: 1. Dehiscence bone defect frequently appeared in premolar in mandible and anterior teeth in maxilla respectively. 2. Among 27 cases, 2 membrane exposures were observed and in these two cases, regenerated area was decreased. 3. In non-resorbable membrane, bone surface area 9.25+/-4.84 preoperatively and significantly increased to 11.48+/-7.52 postoperatively.(P<0.05) 4. In resorbable membrane, bone surface area was 14.80+/-8.25 preoperatively and meaningfully widened to 17.61+/-10.67 postoperatively.(P<0.05) 5. The increase of bone surface area in non-resorbable membrane was 2.23+/-3.38 and the increase of bone surface area in resorbable membrane was 2.80+/-3.00 ;therefore, there was no significant difference between these two membranes(P<0.05). This study implies that the surgical method using DFDB and membrane on peri-implant bone defect is effective in bone regeneration regardless the kind of the membrane, and a similar result was shown when a resorbable membrane was used.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bicuspid ; Bone Regeneration* ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Membranes* ; Periodontics ; Tooth

PURPOSE: Multifocal development of transitional cell carcinoma in the urinary tract is well recognized. We reviewed the urethral recurrence following cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and determined the factors influencing this recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1984 to December 1996, 97 patients underwent total cystectomy in our hospital and 59 men were able to be followed up for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The incidence of the urethral recurrence after cystectomy and its relationship to some factors including tumor stage, grade, number, shape, and location of the bladder cancer were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 59 patients, nine(15.3%) had secondary urethral cancer which was more common in high stage & grade, multiple, sessile tumors and that involved the trigone, bladder neck or prostate. CONCLUSIONS: A proper evaluation of patients at high risk for subsequent development of cancer in the urethra after cystectomy appears to be important to determine whether or not preserve the urethra and to avoid unnecessary urethrectomy during the total cystectomy.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Cystectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Prostate ; Recurrence* ; Urethra ; Urethral Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Tract

Periodontal supporting tissue goes through destruction by chronic inflammatory periodontal disease as two aspect. One is qualitive aspect such as alteration of periodontium, the other is quantitative aspect such as alveolar bone loss. According to many authors, PDL is responsible for biting force, and there are two means for measuring PDL's function - mobility test and biting force test. This study was conducted to compare the biting force with remaining bone level, that is, quantitative aspect of periodontium, in anterior and premolar teeth at periodontal maintenance phase. 17 patients on periodontal maintenance phase during 6 months at minimum were selected for this study. For the same condition, 4 anterior, canine, premolar teeth were tested by MPM-3000 bite-force register at the same time(a.m.10-12), the same position, the same posture, by the same examiner. Patients of TMD, ill-fitting prosthesis, general disease, malocclusion and the teeth of TFO, absence of opposing teeth, malposition were excluded. Remaining bone level was measured on the panorama X-ray film through 5 level from 1mm below CEJ to root apex. Teeth were examined twice, and bigger one was selected. If the values showed large difference, examinatin was re-done and the mean was selected. The results were as follows ; 1. In the 4 anterior group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 2. In the canine group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 2/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 3. In the premolar group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.05). From the results of this study, clinicians could utilize these efficiently when they have to determine the proper restorative materials, time for tooth extraction. treatment plan, prognosis.
Alveolar Bone Loss ; Bicuspid* ; Bite Force* ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontium ; Posture ; Prognosis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth Cervix ; Tooth Extraction ; Tooth* ; X-Ray Film

We analysed a retrospective study of 22 aphakic bullous keratopathy patients (22 eyes) with penetrating keratoplasty for 5 years from January 1987 to December 1991 in the Department of Ophthalmology at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College. The results were as follows; 1. Of the 22 eyes with aphakic bullous keratopathy 16 eyes (72.7%) had previously undergone intracapsular cataract extraction, 6 eyes (27.3%) had extracapsular cataract extraction. 2. The mean time from cataract extraction to aphakic bullous keratopathy to penetrating keratoplasty was 13.8 months. 3. After keratoplasty, the visual acuity of 20 among the 22 transplants (90.9%) were significantly improved compared to the preoperative levels, however that of 2 among the 22 transplants were worse than the preoperative levels. The factors limiting postoperative visual acuity were senile macular degeneration and graft failure. 4. Postoperative complications were glaucoma (2 eyes, 9.1%), cystoid macular edema (1 eye, 4.6%) and graft failure (1 eye, 4.6%).
Cataract Extraction ; Corneal Transplantation ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating* ; Macular Degeneration ; Macular Edema ; Ophthalmology ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Radiosurgery*

For the regeneration of osseous defect on the furcation area, autogeneous bone graft has been primarily used. But it has the limitation of donor site, additive surgical operation etc. Recently anorganic xenogenic bone graft materials of removing all organic components are commonly used for the regeneration of periodontal defects. This study was the comparison of the effect on the regeneration with two types xenografts(Bio-oss(R) and Ca-P thin coated Bovine bone powder) on the furcation involvement in Beagle dogs. After surgically induced chronic periodontitis in bifurcation area of premolar, Bio-oss(R) and Ca-P BBP were grafted on the osseous defects. Tissue blocks including defects with soft tissues were harvested following a four-& eight-week healing interval and prepared for histologic analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Bio-oss(R) group: there were significant differences among the Bio-oss? group at 4weeks and 8weeks, but the control group had various appearances : new bone formation, resorption of graft materials by multinuclear giant cells, connective tissue cells intervention in the bone graft sites etc. 2. Ca-P BBP group: lots of new bone formation were observed but the arrangement of periodontal ligament was not completed at 4weeks. New bone were replaced mature bone and the periodontal ligaments showed the functional arrangement at 8weeks. 3. By reason of undergrowing the epithelium within the osseous defects, new bone formation was not happened in the upper area of bifurcation in Bio-oss(R) group. 4. In Ca-P BBP group, epithelial undergrowth was not seen and generally showed much more new bone formation. 5. Ca-P BBP group showed the osteocyte-like cells at the inner portion of the graft materials 6. Both groups were similar to resorptive appearances of graft materials, but Ca-P BBP group had the better effects of osteoconduction.
Animals ; Bicuspid ; Bone Regeneration ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Connective Tissue Cells ; Dogs* ; Epithelium ; Giant Cells ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Periodontal Ligament ; Regeneration* ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Hyperreflexic bladder is a disease manifested in patients with spinal cord lesions above the sacral segment. The treatments for hyperreflexic bladder are medical therapy, interruption of innervation, argumentation cystoplasty, etc. We treated four hyperreflexic bladder patients with 12% a phenol injection into the subarachnoid space for sacral nerve block. Before treatment the average bladder capacity was about 100 ml, and there was one case of autonomic dysreflexia. After the subarachnoid block the average bladder capacity increased above 300 ml and maximal intravesical pressure decreased below 30cmH2O, autonomic dysreflexia disappeared in one patient. The decreased bladder compliance after nerve block was managed by repetitive bladder overdistention. We suggest that subarachnoid block is easier and more effective than sacral nerve block individually, and is a treatment for hyperreflexic bladder refractory to medical therapy.
Autonomic Dysreflexia ; Compliance ; Humans ; Nerve Block ; Phenol ; Spinal Cord ; Subarachnoid Space ; Urinary Bladder*