Prenatal development of the thoracic aorta of the human during the period ranging from gestation weeks 7 (C-R length 20mm) to 30 (C-R length 260mm) was examined by transmission electron microscopy and the following results were obtained. The early form of cuboidal or columnar endothelial cells at 7-9 weeks of gestation changed gradually to typical flat endothelial cells at 12-14 weeks of gestation. At 9 weeks of gestation, the mesenchymal cells begin to differentiate to myoblasts, which have small clusters of myofilaments with dense bodies and rough endoplasmic reticulum. And from 14 weeks the differentiating cells begin to form a parallel concentric lamellar structure. At 12th week of gestation, elastic fibers were first seen in subendothelial connective tissue and the intercellular spaces between smooth muscle cells. Elastic fibers appeared as small globular shape which composed of a central core of elastic and peripheral microfibrils. From this period the amount of elastic fibers and their aggregation increases gradually in both the subendothelial space and the intercellular spaces between smooth muscle cells. At 30th week of gestation, subendothelial elastic fibers almost completed the internal elastic lamina and also well formed elastic laminae were seen between the smooth muscle cells adjacent to endothelial cells. However, in the space between the smooth muscle cells near the adventitia the elastic lamina formation is delayed. In the adventitia elastic fiber were scanty but collagen fibers are abundant.
Adventitia ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; Elastic Tissue ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Endothelial Cells ; Extracellular Space ; Fetus* ; Humans* ; Microfibrils ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Myoblasts ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Myofibrils ; Pregnancy

A 4-year-old boy has had a solitary sclerotic depressed plaque on the right anterior chest since birth. The histopathologic findings are consistent with morphea profunda: thickening, hyalinization, and homogenization of collagen bundles in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, admixture with a prominent lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate, and sweat glands en-trapped between the thickened collagen bundles. We report a case of congenital solitary morphea profunda.
Child, Preschool ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Male ; Parturition ; Plasma Cells ; Scleroderma, Localized* ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Sweat Glands ; Thorax

PURPOSE: recent studies have reported that the expression of Drg-1 is up-regulated by androgen. It has been suggested that Drg-1 gene be used as a molecular marker for prostate cancer therapies like PSA. To de termine the role of Drg-1 gene as a molecular marker during intermittent androgen deprivation(IAD) therapy, we investigated the expression of Drg-1 and compared it with PSA expression in human prostate cancer cell lines treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) continuously or intermittently. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two prostate cancer cells having different status of androgen receptor [LNCaP (androgen dependent) and PC-3 (androgen independent)] were used in this study. To know the change in PSA and Drg-1 expression after DHT treatment the cells were cultured in steroid-free RPMI media for 24 hours. 10(-7) and 10(-8)M of DHT and 10(-7)M bicalutimide was added into the cells and then cultured for 72 hours. And we established in vitro IAD model using LNCaP cells. Northern analyses were performed to determine the expression level of both PSA and Drg-1genes. Also, western analyses were performed to determine the protein level of proliferating cellular nuclear antigen and androgen receptor. RESULTS: Transcripts of Drg-1 were detected in both LNCaP and PC-3 cells but PSA was not expressed in PC-3 cells. The expression of Drg-1gene in LNCaP cells was up-regulated by 10(-8)M of DHT like PSA gene and down-regulated by 10(-7)M bicalutamide. In the treatment of intermittent androgen deprivation, the expression pattern of Drg-1was similar to that of PSA. However, up-regulation of PSA was detected earlier than of Drg-1. CONCLUSIONS: Based on observation, Drg-1 was up-regulated by androgen and down-regulated by anti-androgen. This suggests that Drg-1gene is useful for determining the androgen independency of prostate cancer during IAD.
Cell Line ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Receptors, Androgen ; Up-Regulation

No abstract available.
Coronary Aneurysm* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Aspirin* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

Cyclins are proteins that activate different cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKs) and promote the cell cycles. Their correlations with several human cancers have been identified. Cyclin E, as one of G1 cylins, produces DNA replication through the progression of cell cycle G1 --> S phase. In contrast, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors(CDKI) bound with cyclin E-cdk2 complex control the cell cycle and inhibit the cell proliferation. P21(WAF1) proteins, which are CDKIs, are transcripted by a p53 gene and participate in the cell cycle inhibition. Variant p53 proteins produced by a mutated p53 gene lose the ability to control of the cell cycle resulting in cell proliferation. This study is aimed to reveal the expressions of cyclin E, p21(WAF1) protein, p53 variant protein in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, and also reveal their correlations in the process of carcinogenesis. Twenty-one colorectal adenomas or adenomatous polyps, and thirty colorectal carcinoma tissues were obtained by operative resections or endoscopic polypectomies. Immuno histochemical stains of the above-mentioned three proteins and a statistical analysis of their correlations were made. The results were as follows: 1. P21 proteins were expressed in the upper-one third layer of all normal colonic mucosa, but cyclin E and variant p53 protein were not identified. 2. Cyclin E was expressed in 23.8% of adenomas and 76.7% of carcinomas. Variant p53 protein was expressed in 71.4% of adenomas and 83.3% in carcinomas. The degree of positivity of variant p53 expression was correlated with cancer staging. P21 protein was expressed in all adenomas, similar to normal mucosa, but was not expressed in 43.3% of carcinomas. 3. Expression of cyclin E was increased as to the positivity of variant p53 proteins but the correlations of p21 proteins and cyclin E, and p21 proteins and variant p53 proteins were not identified. Cancer staging was not correlated with the expressions of the three proteins. In conclusion, it can be thought that the overexpression of cyclin E and variant p53 proteins, and the loss of p21 proteins are related with the colorectal carcinogenesis. We can also identify the relationship of cyclin E and variant p53 proteins.
Adenoma* ; Adenomatous Polyps ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Coloring Agents ; Cyclin E* ; Cyclins* ; DNA Replication ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Staging ; Phosphotransferases ; S Phase

The biocompatibility of the titanium has been estabilished through various experimental studies such as cell culture toxicity test, pyrogen test, mutagen test and others. In order to confirm biocompatibility after fabrication of titanium and to clarify the difference between the bone reaction after insertion of the lathed titanium rods and the bone reaction after insertion of the finished and polished rods, both rods were implanted into the proximal femur of a rabbit. Histologic reactions in the bone were observed according to the ASTM standards at the intervals of 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 26 weeks after implantation. The result were as follows In 6 weeks after implantation of lathed titanium rods, inflammatory reactions, such as minimal degree infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes were observed in all cases. This was thought to be caused by surgical trauma. However, inflammatory cell infiltration was not seen after implantation of polished and finished rods in all cases. The cellular infiltration and the histologic reaction of the bone after implantation of lathed group were significantly more pronounced than those after implantation of the finished group. In 12 weekt after implantation of lathed rods, two of four cases revealed a minimal degree of cellular infiliration and histologic reaction seemed to be more pronounced in the lathed group, but they were not significant statistically.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Femur ; Lymphocytes ; Neutrophils ; Titanium* ; Toxicity Tests

From 2008 to 2017, blood samples from 280 and fecal samples from 149 stray cats in Gwangju, South Korea, were examined for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV), Dirofilaria immitis, and Giardia infections using commercial diagnostic tests. Overall, the combined prevalence of FeLV, FIV, D. immitis, and Giardia was 8.6%, 1.4%, 0.4%, and 2.0%, respectively. FeLV exhibited the highest prevalence rate among the 4 pathogens surveyed, both in the 2008–2009 (9.6%) and 2015–2017 (6.3%) surveys. The results of the feline Giardia study represent the first prevalence report of Giardia infection among stray cats in Korea.

Plexiform neurofibroma is considered a pathognomic of Von Recklinghousen's disease, which involves the deep and large nerve trunk. These are large irregular nerve fascicles which result from an increase in endoneural matrix within individual nerve facicles, without an increased number of nerve fibers. We experenced a case of Von Recklinghausen's disease in a 24 year-old male who had variable cutaneous skeletal, and CNS lesions. He presented multiple neurofibromas, cafe-au-lait spots, and axillary freckles as common cutaneous lesions of NF-I and giant pigmentation, sacral hypertrichosis, and plexiform neurofibroma as unusual cutaneous lesions. Also he had a scoliosis, bowing deformity of the humerous and wedging deformity of the body of the 5th cervical spine as a skeletal manifestation and cortical calcification in the occipital area as a CNS manifestation.
Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Hypertrichosis ; Male ; Melanosis ; Nerve Fibers ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Pigmentation* ; Scoliosis ; Spine ; Young Adult