Histopathologic studies for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated chronic gastritis have been mostly undertaken with endoscopic biopsy specimens, often leading to an inappropriate evaluation of the gastric mucosal alterations. The purpose of this paper was designed to investigate the actual prevalence of lymphoid follicle formation by H. pylori infection using the resected stomachs. A total of 16 fresh gastrectomy specimens bearing gastric carcinoma were examined under the quick and gentle procedure, with which H. pylori was detected in 12 cases (75%) and lymphoid follicles in 14 cases (87.5%), while the detection rate of H. pylori remained 56.3% in the control group which comprised the same 16 resected stomachs and were examined by routine tissue preparation procedure without any special care. There was a significant correlation between the presence of H. pylori and lymphoid follicle formation (p=0.05), but no correlation was found between the grades of H. pylori and lymphoid follicles. The topographical distribution of H. pylori or lymphoid follicles in antrum and body gave no statistical difference. Similarly, there was no correlation between H. pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia, activity of chronic gastritis or histologic types of accompanying adenocarcinoma. We conclude that studies of the gastric mucosal change by H. pylori infection using the gastrectomy specimens provide a useful information for analysis of lymphoid follicle formation which is a consistent morphological characteristic of H. pylori infection.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Gastrectomy* ; Gastritis ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Metaplasia ; Prevalence ; Stomach

Hamartoma of the breast is a rare benign lesion presenting as palpable mass. They are, however, sometimes misdiagnosed by pathologist due to their resemblance to other benign or physiologic conditions of the breast. We report two cases of hamartomas of the breast. The clinical diagnosis was fibroadenoma in both cases. One patient was a 49-year-old woman presented with palpable mass for the duration of 5 months. Mammography showed a well demarcated round mass with homogeneous density which is slightly greater than the surrounding glandular tissue. Grossly it was a 3.5 3.0 2.0 cm sized round firm mass covered by thin fibrous tissue. Microscopically it was a well defined mass composed of variable amount of breast lobules, dilated ducts and adipose tissue surrounded by dense hyalinized connective tissue. The adipose tissue accounted for 30% of the entire lesion. Cellular atypism was not found. The other patient was a 18-year-old woman presented with palpable mass of the duration of 3 years, which was increased in size recently. Mammography demonstratesd a well delimited lobulated mass with lucent halo. Ultrasonography showed a well encapsulated low echoic mass admixed with high echoic areas. Grossly, it was a 4.0 4.0 2.0 cm sized well demarcated oval-shaped firm mass with translucent thin fibrous capsule.. Microscopic findings were similar to the former. The amount of adipose tissue was 20%.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Breast* ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an uncommon association with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often leading to a variety of serious complications. A total of 41 resected cases of IBD were examined to elucidate the pathologic features of intestinal CMV infection which was assessed by histologic examination and confirmed by immunohistochemistry with CMV antibody. Six cases were positve for CMV antibody; five cases in 19 ulcerative colitis (UC, 26.3%) and one case in 22 Crohn's disease (CD, 4.5%). Of 7 cases of the steroid-treated UC group, five cases were superinfected with CMV (71.4%) but none in 12 cases of the steroid-untreated UC group. All of the five CMV-positive cases in UC showed deep ulceration and transmural inflammation, while none of 10 UC cases without above features were CMV positive. Fibrinoid necrosis and thrombi were found in 83.3% of the CMV infected group, while none in the CMV-negative group of UC cases (p=0.01). We conclude that IBD, particularly UC, is susceptible to the CMV infection when steroid hormone is administered, and that deep colonic ulceration, transmural inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis of vasculature may suggest superinfection of CMV in UC patients. It seems that deep colonic ulceration may be the consequence of an ischemic change following vascular luminal occlusion or vasculitis by CMV infection.
Colitis, Ulcerative ; Colon ; Crohn Disease ; Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* ; Necrosis ; Phenobarbital ; Superinfection ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis

BACKGROUND: Established risk factors for coronary artery disease include smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. However, these account for less than 50% of the actual incidence of coronary artery disease and the importance of other risk factors is being increasingly realized. It has been known that insulin resistance associated with hyperinsulinemia is a pivotal link to several risk factors of coronary artery disease, including hypertension, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and obesity. Recently both experimental and clinical studies have produced evidence suggesting that high plasma insulin level may promote the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseasa. Several prospective studies showed independently that high plasma insulin is associated with an increased risk of major coronary artery disease. In our study, plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide level were determined with oral glucose tolerance test to assess the insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia as a risk factory of coronary artery disease. METHOD: From September 1993 to April 1995, after excluding patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and obesity, 17 patients with significant coronary artery stenosis and 10 control subjects with normal coronary finding were selected among the 226 patients who undertook coronary angiography. In the 17 cases(M:F=15:2) of coronary artery disease group, the mean age was 54+/-10 years, and in the 10 cases(M:F=8:2) of control group, 51+/-9 years. All were matched for age, gender and body mass index. Blood pressure, lipid and lipoprotein were measured and smoking history was assessed. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide responses to oral glucose tolerance test were also determined. RESULT: 1) There was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic and diastolic blood pressure, total-cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, ApoA and smoking history except ApoB between the subjects with coronary artery disease and normal control subjects. 2) In oral glucose tolerance test, the plasma glucose levels were not significantly different in the two groups. plasma insulin and C-peptide levels at 60 and 120 minutes were higher in the patient group than control, but the results lack statistical significance. The area under the insulin curve and C-peptide curve were larger in patient group than control, but the result lack statistical significance also. CONCLUSION: Although our study dose not prove the hypothesis that insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia is statistically an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, this study showed the tendency of insulinresistance to be correlated with development of coronary artery disease. As this study has limitations due to small sample size, further study is required to confirm the role of hyperinsulinemia using a larger sample size.
Apolipoproteins A ; Apolipoproteins B ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; C-Peptide ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyslipidemias ; Glucose ; Glucose Intolerance ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Lipoproteins ; Obesity ; Plasma ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sample Size ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Osteochondritis ; Osteochondritis Dissecans

A diagnosis of gout is often straightforward because gout has well known clinical presentations, laboratory analyses, and radiologic features. On the other hand, gout can mimic other diseases by showing a range of atypical clinical manifestations. This paper reports a 35-year-old male with no prior history of gout who developed tophaceous gout at his previously repaired Achilles tendon 11 years after surgery. He was initially misdiagnosed with cellulitis because of his atypical clinical features. This case is presented with a review of the relevant literature.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting prevention performance of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) among long-term care hospital nurses. Methods: The participants were 162 nurses in 11 long-term care hospitals. Data were collected from May 21 to June 4, 2021, using structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis. All analyses were performed using SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results: The factors influencing the prevention performance of CAUTI were formal learning (β=.22, p=.003) and prevention knowledge on CAUTI (β=.17, p=.029). These variables explained 13% of the prevention performance of CAUTI. Conclusion In this study, it is necessary for long-term care hospitals to develop infection prevention educational programs for CAUTI based on nursing evidence and ensure that nurses apply the knowledge obtained through these educational programs.

PURPOSE: Advanced gastric cancer, the most common malignancy in Korea is a kind of systemic disease. At dignosis, 50~80% of patients have systemic cancer. Therefore, the most patients require systemic chemotherapy. Cisplatin and 5-FU have been suggested to be active in the treatment of gastric cancer, a high response rate was observered with a combination of 5-FU infusion and cisplatin, and the biochemical modulation of 5-FU by leucovorin has been demonstrated to enhance the activity of 5-FU in gastrointestinal tract cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients with advanced gastric cancer whose disease had relapsed or unresectable were treated with 5-FU(800 mg/m2 12 hr IV infusion, D 1~5), leucovorin(20 mg/m2 IV, D 1~5, max. 30 mg), cisplatin(100 mg/m2 15min IV dripping, D1). The cycles of treatment were repeated at 3-weeks intervals. RESULTS: Between Sep. 1994 and Aug. 1996, previously untreated 44 patients(39 eligible patients) were admitted to this study, the median age was 55 years(range 17~73) and male to female ratio was 20:19. The rate of complete remission was 5%(2/39), the rate of partial remission was 21%(8/39). The median-response duration was 26 weeks(5+~38+ ). The median-time to progression was 25 weeks(4+~62+). The range of overall survival time was from 4 to 62+ weeks. 24 weeks survival rate was 71.5% but the median survival time was not reached. The leukopenia and anemia were the main hematologic toxicities. Non-hematologic side effects were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, peripheral neuropathy. These toxicities were observed commnonly, but tolerable. Two treatment-related deaths were associated with sepsis. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, FLP combination chemotherapy seems to be a moderate efficacy for advanced gastric cancer with tolerable toxicities. To confirm the efficacy further, the long-term follow up and a large scale of clinical studies are needed.
Anemia ; Cisplatin* ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Female ; Fluorouracil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Korea ; Leucovorin* ; Leukopenia ; Male ; Nausea ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Sepsis ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomatitis ; Survival Rate ; Vomiting

Candidiasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare condition and like other opportunistic fungal infections, most commonly occurs in immune-compromised patients. Because of the increasing use of antibiotics and the improving survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, the incidence of fungal infections in the brain has increased. We report the findings of ultrasonography and MR imaging in two cases of candidiasis of the CNS in premature infants.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Brain ; Candidiasis* ; Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Critical Care ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Nervous System* ; Survival Rate ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Since a recent study that the use of dopamine therapy for the hypotension of premature infants was a risk factor on the development of retinopathy of prematurity was reported, this study was intended to access whether treatment of premature infants with dopamine acts as a risk factor for development of retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 123 premature infants who had been admitted in our Neonate Intensive Care Unit, and were alive and born under 36 weeks of gestational age, between January 1995 and December 1999. In comparing dopamine treated group (91) and non-treated group (31), we performed univariate and multivariate statiscal analysis for the comparisons of two groups. RESULTS: Although in the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity, dopamine treated group (51 of 91,55.4%) was higher than non-treated group (15 of 31,48.4%), statistically, it was not significantly different(P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of dopamine therapy was not risk factor for the development of retinopathy of prematurity.
Dopamine* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care Units ; Medical Records ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors