Objective To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening diseases.Methods 42 patients with gallbladder wall thickening (16 patients with carcinoma and 26 patients with benign lesion) were included in this study.All patients performed conventional MRI and DWI.The diagnostic performances of three methods (conventional MRI,visual assessment of color fusion image from DWI and T2WI,and ADC measurement) were evaluated by two radiologists.Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.570,0.849,0.901 for conventional MRI,visual assessment and ADC measurement respectively.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity were 59.5%,62.5%,57.7% for conventional MRI,85.7%,81.2%,88.5% for visual assessment of color fusion image,and 83.3%,80.0%,85.2% for ADC measurement,respectivily.The mean ADC value of gallbladder cacinoma[(1.15±0.35)×10-3mm2/s]was significantly less than that of gallbladder benign lesion [(1.99±0.61)×10-3mm2/s](P<0.01).Conclusion The DWI(visual assessment of color fusion image and ADC measurement)might be a useful tool for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the gallbladder wall thickening diseases.

We present that the modern basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine is a new science in this article. To demonstrate the problem new discipline faced and needed to be understood, firstly we want to clear the related concepts of discipline and traditional Chinese medicine from an international perspective achieving the original inten-tion of deepening the research field, forming a discipline branch and towards modern teaching. Secondly, we explore the discipline classification system and in which the location of traditional Chinese medicine and theory of traditional Chinese medicine discipline, and then explore the discipline overall regularity of occurrence, development and demise focusing on regularity and evaluation criteria reveal of medicine and traditional Chinese medicine disciplines. On this basis, we demonstrate the discipline property and location of new scientific disciplines of modern basic theo-ry of traditional Chinese medicine, subjects and fields, direction and meaning and then draw a credible conclusion in accordance with deductive reasoning.

Object To study the botanic characteristics of leaves from three plants of Goniothalamus (Bl.) Hook. f. et Thoms. in order to correctly distinguish them from numerous plants of the genus, which are important resource of anticancer medicine.Methods The maceration method and paraffin method were used to study the epidermis and structures of leaves from G. griffithii Hook. f. et Thoms., G. leiocarpus (W. T. Wang) P. T. Li and G. yunnanensis W. T. Wang. Results Three leaves were morphologically similar in the structure, but there were some anatomical differences among them. For example, the absence of druses in the epidermis and the presence of fibrous sclereids in the lamina mesophyll of leaves from G. griffithii, while the presence of druses in epidermis and the absence of fibrous sclereids in lamina mesophyll of the leaves from G. griffithii and G. yunnanensis were observed. In addition, epidermal hairs of G. griffithii were composed of three cells, stomatas were always normal, there were seven oil cells and 25 mucilage cells per mm leaf width in lamina mesophyll and the vascular tissue of the midrib consisting of ten small bundles. However, epidermal hairs of G. yunnanensis were composed of two cells, many abortive stomatas were present at the distal surface, there were only four oil cells and 16 mucilage cells per mm leaf width and the vascular tissue of the midrib consisted of 12 small bundles.Conclusion Three species were easily identified on the basis of epidermal and structural characters of the leaves of them.

Toinvestigate the implementation mode and effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in experimental teaching of physiology,PBL was applied in experimental teaching of circulatory physiology. Comparison of test scores and Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) were used to evaluate teaching quality and teaching environment respectively. The results showed that both test and DREEM scores were higher in PBL group than in control group (P

ObjectiveTo explore the influence factors of prognosis of spinal cord injury patients. MethodsFollow-up data of 121 cases with spinal cord injury was analysed with retrospective cohort study.ResultsThe highest recover rate was in the patients who accepted the special rehabilitation therapy,while that of recovering two class was in the patients who accepted the magnetic stimulation.Conclusions Special recovering cure and magnetic stimulation can surely promote recovery of spinal cord injury patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative treatment and protection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods From February 2010 to December 2015,206 cases with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture treated by PKP were admitted,including 13 HIV infected patients.Blood routine,biochemical indexes,liver and kidney function,blood coagulation function,immune index and preoperative nutritional status were detected before operation.Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART),reasonable antibiotics,nutritional and immune support were given to the HIV infected patients.Standardized operation process and meticulous operative manipulation were applied during operation.The prevention of occupational exposure protection standardization process was strictly enforced.The postoperative complications,improvement of immune function and nutritional status,vertebral height,VAS,ODI and exposure occupation of medical personnel were observed.Results All 13 HIV infected patients had successful operations,without bone cement leakage and toxic reaction.One patient had perficial infection and the others had operative incisionprimary healing.There was no death.The levels of vertebral height,VAS scores and ODI scores were significantly improved after intervention and at the end of follow-up (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences between after the intervention and at the end of follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Eleven malnutrition patients with HIV infected were received nutritional and immune support,and the levels of CD4 +,ALB and Hb were significantly improved:(289.00 ± 54.29) × 106./L vs.(237.25 ± 72.70) × 106/L,(38.04 ± 5.17) g/L vs.(33.73 ± 7.16) g/L,(112.87 ± 15.54) g/L vs.(100.68 ± 18.95) g/L,P ＜ 0.05.The levels of PLT and WBC had no significantly change (P ＞ 0.05).Two medical personnel had occupational exposure,and none had HIV infection.Conclusions Perioperative adjuvant treatment in HIV infected patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture can achieve satisfactory outcomes.Strict implementation of protective standardization process should be focused.

Objective To observe the effect of perioperative treatment on complications in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients undergoing spinal surgery, and summarize effective perioperative management to make these patients to get better treatment. Methods Forty-eight HIV positive patients (experimental group) and 79 HIV negative patients (control group) undergoing spinal surgery from November 2010 to March 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The two groups were comparable in age, gender, type of spinal surgery and basic diseases. Nutritional support and the uses of antibiotics and blood transfusion were strengthened in patients of experimental group. Immunomodulatory drugs, the treatment with HAART and occupational protection were also used in patients of experimental group. The patients in control group only received conventional perioperative treatment. Wound healing, opportunistic infection, the failure of internal fixation and death after the operation was observed. The perioperative treatment methods were summarized. Chi square test was used in comparison of the rate and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Surgery was successfully completed in all patients in experimental group and control group. Two cases (4.2%) in experimental group and 4 cases(5.1%) in control group showed delayed healing of incisions. All incisions were healed after debridement and no incision infection happened. CD4+T lymphocyte count of 2 cases in the experimental group was in stage 3. Among them, 1 patient underwent emergency surgery and opportunistic infection appeared after the operation. The other patients for elective surgery took operation when CD4+T lymphocyte counts were adjusted to 2 and no complications appeared. The two groups had no internal fixation failure cases and deaths. Conclusions HIV positive patients with spinal diseases are special patients. HIV positive patients with spinal surgery can reduce complications, and achieve good clinical curative effect by reasonable preoperative assessment, optimization of perioperative treatment, proper type of operation and active prevention of opportunistic infections after surgery.

AIM: To explore the localization and expression of transfo rming grow th factor-? 1,2 (TGF-? 1,2 ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (?- ASMA) in fetal a nd adult skins. METHODS: Skins of 15 cases of fetuses with different gestational ages and 5 cases of adults were taken, embedded with paraffin wax, and sectione d. Immunohistochemistry method and pathological method were used to detect the e xpression intensity and distribution of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-ASMA. RESULTS: Positive immunohistochemical signals of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-A SMA were found in fetal and adult skins. In skins derived from young fet us, the positive signals of these three proteins were very weak. Along with the incr ement in gestational age, the positive cellular rates of TGF-? 1,2 and ?- ASMA were elevated pro gressively. In elder fetal and adult skins, TGF-? 1,2 were mostly distributed i n epidermal cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts, while ?-ASMA was mainly located in myofibroblasts and sweat gland epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: The endo genous TGF-? 1,2 might be involved in the cutaneous development at embryoni c stage, in the cutaneous structure maintenance at adult stage, and in the wound healing af ter injury.

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of herbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on Parkinson disease.

METHODSNinety cases of Parkinson disease were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=4) and a control group (n=36) in order of visiting. The two groups were treated with routine western medicine for treatment of Parkinson disease, and herbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) was added to the treatment group. Their comprehensive therapeutic effects were observed and modified UPDRS cumulative scores were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 83.3% in the treatment group, significantly better than 58.3% in the control group (P < 0.01); the modified UPDRS cumulative score was reduced by 74.1% in the treatment group, significantly better than 16.7% in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHerbs-partitioned moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) has a certain therapeutic effect on Parkinson disease.

OBJECTlVE To expIore the intervention effect of Iosartan on the Iung oxidative injury in-duced by paraquat(PQ). METHODS AduIt maIe SD rats were randomIy divided into 4 groups:normaI controI group,PQ intoxication group(rats were treated with singIe ig PQ 40 mg·kg-1 ),Iosartan inter-vention for 7 and 14 d groups(rats were ig given Iosartan 10 mg·kg-1 daiIy for 7 and 14 consecutive days after PQ was given). AII rats were sacrificed on the 16th day to obtain Iung tissues. HE staining was used to observe the Iung pathoIogicaI changes. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),cataIase (CAT)and totaI antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and content of Iipid peroxide(LPO)were detected by spectrophotometry. ReaI-time quantitative PCR was used to investigate the NF-κB mRNA expression in Iung tissue. RESULTS PathoIogicaI examination showed that acute Iung injury and significant Iung fibro-sis appeared in PQ intoxication group but were reversed by Iosartan. The IeveIs of SOD,CAT and T-AOC decreased whiIe the content of LPO in PQ intoxication group increased significantIy compared with controI group(P﹤0.05). Compared with PQ intoxication group,the IeveIs of SOD,CAT and T-AOC in-creased and the content of LPO decreased in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups(P﹤0.05),and the IeveIs of T-AOC and LPO in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups and the activities of SOD and CAT in Iosartan intervention for 14 d group nearIy returned to normaI. The mRNA expression of NF-κB was upreguIated after rats were exposed to PQ,downreguIated in Iosartan intervention for 7 and 14 d groups in rat Iung tissues( P﹤0.05),but nearIy returned to normaI. CONCLUSlON Oxidative stress may be invoIved in the acute PQ poisoning process and Iosartan might have intervention effect on acute PQ Iung damage by improving the antioxidant capacity and downreguIating the mRNA expression of NF-κB.