PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and the most accurate element of the diagnostic criteria of the Japan Society of Uitrasonics in medicine(JSUM, Nov. 1989) for distinguishing between benign and malignant solid breast masses on the US. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We analyzed the ultrasonic findings of histopathologically proved 51 fibroadenomas, 12 fibrocystic disease, and 39 breast cancers in relation to the diagnostic criteria of the JSUM (shape, border, boundary echo, internal echo, posterior echo, lateral echo, and depth/width ratio). RESULTS: The number of cases of fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease, and breast cancer corresponding to the diagnostic criteria was in the shape(26/51, 5/12, 33/39), border(41/51, 9/12, 29/39), boundary echo(48/51, 12/12, 27/39), internal echo(43/51, 9/12, 24/39), posterior echo(32/51, 3/12, 21/39), and lateral shadowing(15/51, 1/12, 35/39). All diagnostic criterias showed statistical significance for differentiation of benign/malignant breast mass on the US(Chi-square test: p<0.05). The order of accuracy was boundary echo, internal echo, and border. The mean of depth/width ratio was 0.54 +/- 0.15, 0.52 +/- 0.12, and 0.69 +/- 0.21 in fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease, and breast cancer respectively and it had statistical significance for differentiation of benign/malignant breast mass on the US(ANOVA test: p=0.0002). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic criteria of JSUM is effective for differentiation of benign/malignant breast solid masses on the US and has accuracy in the order of boundary echo, internal echo, and border. Depth/width ratio also has statistical significance.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Fibroadenoma ; Japan* ; Ultrasonics*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm is a relatively rare and potentially life-threatening complication of chronic pancreatitis. The authors present a case of splenic artery pseudoaneurysm complicating ,chronic pancreatitis. It was converting into a pseudoaneurysm by vessel rupturs. In this case report, color doppler US, CT, and MRI made the definite diagnosis.
Aneurysm, False* ; Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pancreatitis, Chronic* ; Splenic Artery*

A clinical and radiological observation was mde on 167 cases of urolithiasis among the number of 150 patientsduring 1 year and 6 months from June, 1981 to Nov. 1982. The results were summerized as follows. 1. There were 101man and 49 women, a ratio of 2:1. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 74 years, showing the highestincidence in 31 to 60 years(68.1%). 2. Locational distributions of urolithiasis were 80 cases (47.9%) in theureter, 66 cases(39.5%) in the kidney, 11 cases (6.5%) in the urethra and 10 cases (5.9%) in the bladder. 3. Amongthe 66 cases of renal stone, pelvis stone was 55 cases (83.3%) with staghorn types in 23 cases(34.8%), andcalyceal stone was 11 cases(16.6%). 4. The location of ureteral stone was 47.5% in lower, 40% in upper ureter and12.5% in mid-ureter. 5. The location of urethra stone was 82% in the anterior urethra and 18% in the posteriorurethra. 6. The chief complain of urolithiasis was flank pain in 59.2%, gross hematuria in 20.3%, renal colic in13.1% ,dysuria in 8.3%, nausea and vomiting in 4.7%, and sudden stoppage of urine stream in 3.5%. 7. Onurinalysis, gross hematuria was found in 54.4%, pyuria in 28.7%, bacteriuria in 23.3%, microscopic hematuria in18.5% and normal in 7.1%. 8. The size of urinary stone was 0.6-2.0cm in length in 105 cases(62.8%). 9. On I.V.P.study of renal stones(66 cases), mild and moderate hydronephrotic changes were detected in38 kidneys(57.5%), andthe relationsip between the urinary stasis and renal stone size was relatively good. 10. On I.V.P. study ofureteral stones(80cases), mild to severe hydronephrotic changes were detected in 64 kidneys(80%). 11. On K.U.B.film, paralytic ileus was found in 25 cases (14.9%). 12. Among the urinary stones, the radiolucent stones weredetected in 8 cases (4.7%). 13. Urinary stones diappeared in 11 cases (6.5%) spontaneously or medical treatment.
Bacteriuria ; Dysuria ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Kidney ; Nausea ; Pelvis ; Pyuria ; Renal Colic ; Rivers ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis ; Vomiting

Channels formed by the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of proteins have a variety of physiological functions. In the present study, we examined the localization of canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) in rat cerebellum. Twelve adult (4~6 month old) Sprague-Dawley rats were examined in this study. We performed immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against TRPCs to investigate the detailed and comparative distribution of six TRPCs in rat cerebellum. There was a high density of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 and TRPC7, with a much lower density of TRPC6 in the rat cerebellar cortex. The somatodendritic Purkinje cell areas were intensely stained with antiTRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC7 antibodies, whereas the staining intensity of TRPC6 was relatively low in the Purkinje cell bodies. In the cerebellar nuclei, the cell bodies of cerebellar output neurons showed moderate TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC5 and TRPC7 immunoreactivities, while TRPC6 immunoreactivity was observed in the surrounding neuropil. This study showing the differential localizations of TRPC channels in the cerebellum may provide useful data for the future investigations on the structural and functional properties of TRPCs.
Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Cerebellar Cortex ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Cerebellum ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurons ; Neuropil ; Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels

No abstract available.
Gerbillinae

Porencephaly is relatively rare condition defined by an defect or a defect or cavity in the cerebrum owing to a developmental malformation or to a destructive lesion. Fory-five porencephaly patients diagnosed by Brain CT were clinically analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1) By the age group presenting initial symptoms, the peak incidence was from 1 month to below 3 years old. 2) In initial symptoms, seizure, spastic weakness, headache were showed in order of frequency. But 7 cases (15.5%) were asymptomatic. 3) The latency of diagnosis after presenting initial symptoms from the symptom onset time to 10 years. 4) The subsequent symptoms were as follows: spastic weakness, speech disturbance, gait disturbance, mental retardation, sensory loss and seizure showed independently or combined. 5) As etiologic factor, 21 cases (46.7%) were congenital, 16 cases (35.5%) were post-traumatic or post-operative and 8 cases (17.8%) were perinatal. 6) The prognosis was seen various from mild to severe. Out of 45 cases, 29 cases (64.4%) were no complications. But the prognosis in patients with post-traumatic or postoperative etiological factors was poor. With the advent of brain CT and the resultant capability of detecting structural defect and cerebral lesions responsible for epilepsy or focal neurologic signs, porencephaly was seen to be readily recongizable by CT examination. Since porencephaly is a significant contributor to the spectrum of CNS lesion and benign condition, ist recognition is important in determining prognosis and therapy.
Brain ; Cerebrum ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Epilepsy ; Gait ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intellectual Disability ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Prognosis ; Seizures

Craniosysostosis syndrome is caused by premature fusion of bones of skull and face during fetal development. It is related to Fibroblast growth factor receptor gene and most common craniosynostosis syndromes are Apert, Pfeiffer and Crouzon. Apert syndrome is one of the severe type of craniosynostosis syndromes which shows mutations in the Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene. Pfeiffer syndrome is also related with FGFR 1 or 2 gene mutation. We experienced two patients with craniosynostosis syndromes, Apert syndrome and Pfeiffer syndrome. The first baby was a in-born female baby presented with syndactly of the hands and feet and facial dysmorphism including shallow orbit with deep crease above eye brow. Apert syndrome was confirmed by the presence of a mutation in FGFR2. The second patient visited our developmental delay clinic due to developmental delay at seven month old age. He showed facial dysmorphism including cloverleaf-shaped skull, micrognathia, low set ears, low nasal bridge and high-arched palate, but there were no syndactly or limb anomalies. He was suspected of Pfeiffer syndrome, however his FGFR2 gene study was normal. These patients need multidisciplinary team management and regular follow up for visual, auditory, and cognitive development functions Pediatricians have important role on recognizing the patients with facial dysmorphism, planning to evaluate accompanying anomalies and making appropriate decisions about the timing of surgical management to minimize growth and cognitive impairments.
Acrocephalosyndactylia ; Craniosynostoses ; Ear ; Extremities ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Orbit ; Palate ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor ; Skull

Graves disease occur in association with myasthenia gravis is rare. We report a case of Graves disease and myasthenia gravis treated by bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and total thymectomy simultaneously. A 37 year old woman was admitted with anterior neck mass and ptosis. Various examinations were compatible with combined Graves disease and myasthenia gravis. The bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and total thymectomy were done simultaneously. The pathologic diagnosis was Graves disease and thymic hyperplasia. The patients postoperative course was uneventful. The thyroid function of patient became euthyroid and the clinical symptoms related with myastenia gravis resolved during follow up period.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Neck ; Thymectomy* ; Thymus Hyperplasia ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroidectomy*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans