Aniridia is a relatively rare congenital anomaly and its incidence is about 1:100, 000.Main features of aniridia include congenitally partial or nearly complete absence of the iris and hypoplasia of optic disc and fovea. It is almost bilateral and occurred as an autosomal dominant trait.However, some patients develop both sporadic nonfamilial aniridia and Wilms 'tumor, and another group of patients is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. We observed aniridia in two generations, as mother and two daughters. They had cataract, nystagmus, neovascularization of corneal margin and pannus formation, as well as aniridia.We also found hypoplasia of optic disc and fovea in mother. We have operated on mother with phacoemulsified lens aspiration and posterior chamber IOL implantation in both eyes consecutively.The postoperative visual acuity following lens extraction improved, but was not corrected. In addition, intraocular pressure decreased.
Aniridia* ; Cataract ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
Antiemetics* ; Cisplatin* ; Dexamethasone* ; Humans ; Lorazepam* ; Metoclopramide* ; Ondansetron*

This is a case report of a 50-year-old female who presented to our clinic with headache and left temporal pulsatile mass. Aneurysm was revealed incidentally on a computed tomography angiography of her head. Open surgical resection with aneurysmal trapping was performed under local anesthesia. Histological examination demonstrated a true aneurysm of the superficial temporal artery. There was loss of normal elastin in the internal elastin layer. This case report describes the rare entity along with a review of the literature.
Anesthesia, Local ; Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Elastin ; Female ; Head ; Headache ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Temporal Arteries

Bone is a dynamic tissue undergoing life-long remodeling, a process of bone resorption by osteoclast and bone formation by osteoblast, regulated by diverse hormones including estrogen. Recently, several pituitary hormones have been identified as a modulator of this process. Here, we reviewed the role of thyroid stimulating hormone signaling per se in bone metabolism.
Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Estrogens ; Metabolism* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Pituitary Hormones ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyrotropin*

Bone is a dynamic tissue undergoing life-long remodeling, a process of bone resorption by osteoclast and bone formation by osteoblast, regulated by diverse hormones including estrogen. Recently, several pituitary hormones have been identified as a modulator of this process. Here, we reviewed the role of thyroid stimulating hormone signaling per se in bone metabolism.
Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Estrogens ; Metabolism* ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Pituitary Hormones ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyrotropin*

Macrophages have been shown to have pleiotropic functions in various pathophysiologies, especially in terms of anti-inflammatory and regenerative activity. Recently, the novel functions of bone marrow resident macrophages (called osteal macrophages) were intensively studied in bone development, remodeling and tissue repair processes. This review discusses the current evidence for a role of osteal macrophages in bone modeling, remodeling, and fracture healing processes.
Bone Development ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Remodeling ; Fracture Healing ; Macrophages* ; Metabolism*

It is well documented that cardiac myxomas are associated with immunologic features that can simulate systemic autoimmune diseases. Recently, it was reported that cardiac myxomas produce IL-6 constitutively, which could partly explain the immunologic features observed in these patients. However, only a few investigators have studied cytokines in regards to symptoms they may cause in patients with cardiac myxoma. Also there is very little information in the literature on the immunohistochmical localization of IL-6. We performed immunobistochemical stains for IL-4, TNF, and IL-6 on paraffm embbeded tissue of cardiac myxoma tissue. A bioassay of IL-6 activity in patient's serum and in cultured cells from fresh myxoma tissue was performed to ascertain the role of these cytokines in myxomas. In this study, we demonstrated inununohistochemically that there was a local overproduction of IL-4, TNF, and IL-6 in cytoplasm of the tumor cells in about half cases. Bioassays of the serum and cultured tumor cells revealed elevated IL-6 activities. Also these findings correlate to production of patient's constitutional symptoms with statistical significance (P<0.05). In conclusion, these results are of considerable importance in understanding the role of IL-4, TNF, and IL-6 in cardiac myxoma patient with constitutional symptoms, and have an impact on strategies for diagnosis and therapy of cardiac myxoma.

Behar et al reported that small doses of epidurql morphine are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic pain by direct action on the specific receptors in the substantia gelations of the posterior horn of the spinal cord. Brachial plexus blocks were performed in 217 cases in our hospital from Jun. 1979 to Aug. 1981. In an attempt to evaluate the postoperative pain relief, these cases were divided into two groups; the control and the experimental group. The two groups were subdivided into three according to the method of approach-supraclavicular, interscalene, and axillary. The cases complaining of pain within 8 hours after the block were 71/112(63.4%) in the control group, and 26/105(24.8%) in the experimental group: and the cases complaining of pain or noticing no pain after 8 hours following the block were 41/112(36.6%) in the control group and 79/105(75.2%) in the experimental group. The postoperative pain relief was remarkable especially in the interscalene and supraclavicular approach in the experimental group. We thought this was probably due to anatomical variance of the interscalene and supraclavicular approach nearer to the spinal cord and opiate receptors.
Anesthesia, Conduction* ; Animals ; Brachial Plexus ; Chronic Pain ; Horns ; Morphine* ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Receptors, Opioid ; Spinal Cord