1.Detection and characterization of excretory/secretory proteins from Toxoplasma gondii by monoclonal antibodies.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2001;39(1):49-56
Excretory/secretory proteins (ESP) from Toxoplasma gondii were analyzed to define the function in the penetration process into host cells. Whole ESP obtained at 37 degrees C were composed of 15 bands with molecular mass of 110, 97, 86, 80, 70, 60, 54, 42, 40, 36, 30, 28, 26, 22, and 19 kDa. Five ESP of 86, 80, 42, 36, and 28 kDa were reacted with monoclonal antibodies (mAb), named as Tg386 (microneme), Tg485 (surface membrane), Tg786 (rhoptry), Tg378, and Tg556 (both dense granules), respectively. The ESP was released by a temperature-dependent/-independent manner and all at once whenever ready to pour out except Tg786. Each ESP was not exhausted within the parasite but the amount was limited. Tg786 was released continuously with increment, whereas Tg378 and Tg556 were ceased to release after 3 and 4 hr. Dense granular Tg378 and Tg556 were released spontaneously and constitutively before the entry into host cells also. The entry of T. gondii was inhibited by all the mAbs differentially. And the parasite deprived of ESP was inhibited to enter exponentially up to 90.1%. It is suggested that ESP play an essential function to provide appropriate environment for the entry of the parasite into host cells.
Animals
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*Antibodies, Monoclonal
;
*Antibodies, Protozoan
;
Antigens, Protozoan/*analysis/physiology
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
;
Temperature
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Toxoplasma/*chemistry/pathogenicity
2.A study on voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.
Youn Woo NAM ; Jong Ouck CHOI ; Kwang Sun LEE
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 1991;34(2):316-323
No abstract available.
Laryngectomy*
;
Rehabilitation*
;
Voice*
3.Changes of the hip joints associated with chronic subluxation and dislocation: CT and plain radiographic analysis.
Ik YANG ; Kyung Nam RYU ; Sun Wha LEE ; Woo Suk CHOI ; Eil Seong LEE
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1993;29(3):522-527
Secondary osteoarthritis of hip joints is a common disease and is frequently followed by chronic sublexation and dislocation. Twenty four case of the secondary osteoarthritis associated with chronic subluxation and dislocation of the hip joints were evaluated with plain radiography and computed tomography. We retrospectively analyzed 1) the ossification and calcification of the acetabular labrum, 2) the thickeness of the quadrilateral plate of the ilium, and 3) anteroposterior diameter of the acetabulum. The changes of the hip joints in subluxation (n=14) revealed ossification of the acetabular labrum in 12 cases (86%), thickening of the quadrilateral plate of the ilium in 11 cases (78%) but anteroposterior diameter of the acetabulum was not changed. The changes of the hip joints in dislocation (n=10) revealed no evidence of the ossification of the acetabular labrum, thickening of the quadrilateral plate of the ilium in 10 cases (100%) and decreased anteroposterior diameter of the acetabulum. We conclude that CT findings of subluxation and dislocation of the hip joints can be helpful in the evaluation of the secondary osteoarthritis of the hip joints.
Acetabulum
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Dislocations*
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Hip Joint*
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Hip*
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Ilium
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Joints
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Osteoarthritis
;
Osteoarthritis, Hip
;
Radiography
;
Retrospective Studies
4.Benign compression fractures of the spine: signal patterns.
Kyung Nam RYU ; Woo Suk CHOI ; Sun Wha LEE ; Jae Hoon LIM
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1992;28(3):429-434
Fifteen patients with 38 compression fractures of the spine underwent magnetic resonance(MR) imaging. We retrospectively evaluated MR images in these benign compression fractures. MR images showed four patterns in T1-weighted images. MR imaging patterns were normal signal(21), band like low signal(8), low signal with preservation of peripheral portion of the body(8), and diffuse low signal through the vertebral body(1). The low signal portions were changed to high signal intensities in T2-weighted images. In 7 of 15 patients(11 compression fractures). There was a history of trauma, and the remaining 8 patients(27 compression fractures) had no history of trauma. Benign compression fractures of trauma, remained 8 patients(27 compression fractures) were non-traumatic. Benign compression fractures of the spine reveal variable signal intensities in MR imagings. These patterns of benign compression fractures may be useful in interpretation of MR imagings of the spine.
Fractures, Compression*
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Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Retrospective Studies
;
Spine*
5.MR imaging of metallic artifacts.
In Soo SHIN ; Kyung Nam RYU ; Woo Suk CHOI ; Sun Wha LEE ; Dong Wook SUNG
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1993;29(5):1093-1099
To evaluate the typical appearance and the influence in the image interpretation of the metallic artifact which is known as one of the patient-related field artifacts, we analysed the magnetic resonance (MR) images of 40 patients (the total number of metallic materials were 45) acquired at MR 1.5T unit. All patients were screened for the presence of metal. The metallic implants were surgical wires and clips, orthopedic devices, and the other miscellaneous materials. The artifacts produced by metallic objects can be seen on MRI as the focal loss of signal and/or the local distortion of the image. Regardless of their ferromagnetic properties, metallic implants created regional artifacts in their images. Ferromagnetic materials, such as a lead fragment, showed severe artifacts and nonferromagnetic metals showed mild to moderate artifacts. The conspicuity of artifact was related tot he composition, mass, shape, orientation, and the location of the metallic objects in the body. Under high magnetic field strength, there were no significant differences between the various pulse sequences. Artifacts are particularly prominent on gradient-echo images. Our findings indicate that MR imaging of patients with standard nonferromagnetic metallic materials can be successfully performed and usefully interpretated.
Artifacts*
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Humans
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Magnetic Fields
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
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Magnets
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Metals
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Orthopedics
6.MR imaging of spinal epinal epidural abscesses.
Mi Jin SONG ; Woo Suk CHOI ; In Soo SHIN ; Kyung Nam RYU ; Sun Hwa LEE
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1993;29(6):1158-1162
Spinal epidural abscesses were evaluated using Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 19 surgically and clinically confirmed cases, including 13 with tuberculous spondylitis and 6 with pyogenic spondylitis. We observed rim enhancement patterns in 10 patients and diffuse enhancement patterns in 9 patients. The spread patterns were localized to ventral or dorsal epidural space and encircled entire epidural space. We conclude that rim enhancement indicates abscess and diffuse enhancement indicates granulation tissue and fibrosis. Tuberculous epidural abscess spreads to ventral epidural space and pyogenic epidural abscess encircles entire epidural space.
Abscess
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Epidural Abscess*
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Epidural Space
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Fibrosis
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Granulation Tissue
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
;
Spondylitis
7.Computed tomographic findings of Moyamoya disease.
Dal Mo YANG ; Woo Suk CHOI ; Kyung Nam RYU ; Sun Wha LEE ; Yup YOON
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1991;27(1):33-38
No abstract available.
Moyamoya Disease*
8.MR imaging of spondylolisthesis.
Eui Jong KIM ; Kyung Nam RYU ; Sang Un LEE ; Woo Suk COI ; Sun Wha LEE
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1993;29(4):826-832
We evaluated MR imaging of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis degenerative spondylolisthesis and retrolisthesis in 14, 9 and 20 patients respectively. Sagittal and axial spin echo and gradient echo images were obtained with 25-30cm FOV and 5mm/0.5mm thickness/gap by using spine surface coil. Sagittal images showed defects of pars interarticularis just inside of the pedicles of spines in all the cases of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis with relatively variable signal intensity. Displaced vertebrae were commonly observed at L5 (8/14) in spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, at L4 (5/9) in degenerative spondylolisthesis and at variable locations in retrolisthesis. The mean length of displacement of vertebrae in spondylolytic spondylolisthesis was about 7mm and less displacement was onserved in degenerative spondylolisthesis and retrolisthesis. Seven, four and six cases of pseudobulging of disk at displaced level were observed in cases of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, degenerative spondylolisthesis and retrolisthesis respectively. Seven, five and 14 cases of true disk lesions were onserved in cases of spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, degenertive spondylolisthesis and retrolisthesis respectively. Grade II neural foraminal stenoses (obliteration of one half epidural fat of neural foramen) were commonly (8/14) seen in spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, however the other two types showed less severe neural foraminal stenosis. In conclusion, MR imaging is a highly accurate method for the diagnosis and evaluation of spondylolisthesis and associated lesions of spine and disks.
Constriction, Pathologic
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Diagnosis
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Humans
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
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Methods
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Spine
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Spondylolisthesis*
9.Determination of antigenic domain in GST fused major surface protein (Nc-p43) of Neospora caninum.
Eui Sun SON ; Hye Jin AHN ; Jae Hoon KIM ; Dae Yong KIM ; Ho Woo NAM
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2001;39(3):241-246
The antigenic domain of the major surface protein (Nc-p43) of Neospora caninum was examined by polymerase chain reaction of its gene fragments and recombinant expression as GST fusion proteins. The fragments of Nc-p43 were as follow: a total open reading frame (OFR), T; OFR without signal sequence and C-terminal hydrophobic sequence, S; N-terminal 2/3 parts of S, A; C-terminal 2/3 parts, P; N-terminal 1/3 part, X; middle 1/3 part, Y; and C-terminal 1/3 part, Z, respectively. The DNA fragments were cloned into pGEX-4T vector. Recombinant plasmids transformed into Escherichia coli of BL21 pLysS (DE3) strain were induced to express GST or GST fused fragments of Nc-p43 such as 69 kDa protein for T, 66 kDa for S, 52 kDa for A, 53 kDa for P, and 40 kDa proteins for X, Y, and Z, respectively in SDS-PAGE. The Nc-p43 fragments of T, S, and P reacted with a bovine serum of neosporosis while those of A, X, Y, and Z together with GST did not in the western blot. These findings suggest that the antigenic domain of Nc-p43 of N. caninum may be localized in the C-terminal 2/3 parts. Together with A19 clone in SAG1 of Toxoplasma gondii (Nam et al., 1996), the P fragment of Nc-p43 could be used as efficient antigens to diagnose and differentiate those infections with both species.
Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Base Sequence
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Biological Markers/analysis
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Blotting, Western
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Cells, Cultured
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Cercopithecus aethiops
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Coccidiosis/diagnosis
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Neospora/*immunology
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Protozoan Proteins/*analysis/genetics/immunology
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
;
Vero Cells/parasitology
10.Translational Regulation: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy.
Journal of Korean Breast Cancer Society 2003;6(1):8-14
Translational initiation is regulated in response to nutrient availabilty and growth stimuli and is coupled with cell cycle progression and cell growth. There is now growing body of evidence which suggests links between translational regulation and the disruption of cell behavior that results in the development and progression of cancer. mRNA translation can be overactivated in breast cancer through eIF4E overexpression or abnormal activation of signal transduction pathways. Among them, rapamycin-sensitive signal transduction pathway (mTOR signaling pathway) is now being studied as a novel target for cancer therapy. In this article, the basic principles of translational control, the alterations encountered in cancer and selected therapy targeting mTOR signaling pathway are reviewed and the preclinical study regarding the determinants of rapamycin sensitivity in breast cancer is presented in order to help elucidate new avenues for breast cancer therapy.
Breast Neoplasms*
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Breast*
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Cell Cycle
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Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E
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Protein Biosynthesis
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Signal Transduction
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Sirolimus