No abstract available.
Broad Ligament* ; Female ; Leiomyosarcoma*

No abstract available.
Urinary Bladder*

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary habits and food compliance in stroke patients. One-hundred sixty eight elderly stroke patients and 97 young patients with first -ever stroke admitted to Asan Medical Center between 1994 and 1998 were studied. Using a structured interview, we assessed food intake. food consumption frequency and compliance to low salt, low meat hight fish and high fruit and vegetable diets. These results were analyzed with chi2, t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SAS package program. Salted food intake and cholesterol-containing food frequency were increased whereas frequency of fruits and vegetables intake was decreased in young stroke patients compared to the elderly. Meat intake and cholesterol-containing food frequency were increased in the males compared to the females in elderly stroke patients. and fish intake and cholesterol-containing food frequency were higher in the males than the females in the young. In patients with high economic status, frequency of fruits and vegetables was elevated. Also compliance the low meat and high fruit and vegetable diet in young patients was lower than that in the elderly. When the life-style risk factors influencing the food intake of frequency of fruits and vegetables was affected by education in young stroke patients. In elderly stroke patients, meat intake frequency of cholesterol-containing foods and fruits and vegetables were influenced by sex and /or income. Our results suggest that dietary intake of salt meat, cholesterol-containing foods. fruits and vegetables in stroke patients may vary with age, sex the presence of risk factors or economic status therefore guidelines and nutrition education should by formulated to prevent stroke recurrence based on dietary habits and risk factors of individual patients.
Aged ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Compliance* ; Diet ; Eating* ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Stroke* ; Vegetables

No abstract available.
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Diagnosis*

Intraorbital hemorrhage is a rare clinical condition caused by orbital trauma, surgery around the orbit, intraorbital vascular abnormalities, and neoplasm. It was reported to occur spontaneously without any known causes and in association with orbital pseudotumor in a very few cases. A 59-year-old, female patient admitted with sudden onset of severe exophthalmos and pain on the left eye. Orbital CT and MR imaging suggested hemorrhage in the upper part of retrobulbar area of the left orbit. Cerebral angiography was taken to rule out any possible vascular abnormalities. On the left carotid cerebral angiography, the run-off of the distal ophthalmic artery was not seen and the engorgement of the supraophthalmic artery was noted. Systemic administration of corticosteroid did not improve the clinical status and craniectomy was done and retrobulbar hematoma was removed, and the clinical symptoms and signs were improved. Authors report a case of spontaneous intraorbital hemorrhage with the clinical features similar to those of orbital pseudotumor, requiring surgical decompression.
Arteries ; Cerebral Angiography ; Decompression, Surgical ; Exophthalmos ; Eye ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Orbit ; Orbital Pseudotumor

In the pediatric ICU and operating room, a central venous catheter (CVC) provides accurate hemodynamic information and serves as a reliable route for the administration of vasoactive drugs, fluids and allogeneic blood products. The placement of CVC is associated with a complication rate of 0.4% to 20%, including hemothorax, pneumothorax, thrombosis, infection and cardiac tamponade. We describe a case of CVC being misplaced in the innominate vein after penetrating the subclavian vein during anesthesia induction for arterial switch operation. Our report discusses the mechanisms by which this mishap took place, and reviews the proper positions of the head, arm, thorax and safe depth of venipuncture for the placement of a CVC in neonates.
Anesthesia ; Arm ; Brachiocephalic Veins ; Cardiac Tamponade ; Central Venous Catheters ; Head ; Hemodynamics ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Infant, Newborn ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Operating Rooms ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Phlebotomy ; Pneumothorax ; Subclavian Vein ; Thorax ; Thrombosis

Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive condition classically characterized by congenital deafness and goiter, and is the most common cause of hereditary deafness in Korea. It is caused by mutations in the PDS gene (SLC26A4) located in 7q31. The PDS gene encodes a chloride-iodide transport protein called pendrin, which plays a role in the reabsorption of endolymph and the maintenance of the endolymph homeostasis in the inner ear and in the uptake and organification of iodide in the thyroid gland. A mutation in PDS also causes non-syndromic recessive deafness (DFNB4) and therefore securing the diagnosis is important for genetic counseling purposes. The perchlorate discharge test and radiological conformation of the inner ear anomaly are useful diagnostic aids but have limited diagnostic value. However, because PDS mutations are widely distributed along the gene, it consumes too much time and money to perform molecular studies in clinics. We present a case of congenital sensorineural hearing loss with multinodular goiter, which shows definite findings of Pendred syndrome.
Deafness ; Diagnosis ; Ear, Inner ; Endolymph ; Genetic Counseling ; Goiter* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Homeostasis ; Korea ; Thyroid Gland ; Vestibular Aqueduct

No abstract available.
Analgesia* ; Lymph Node Excision* ; Lymph Nodes* ; Mastectomy, Simple*

Objectives: Clozapine is the most effective atypical antipsychotic agent for the treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), however, only 40%–70% of TRS patients respond to clozapine. Moreover, TRS encompasses various symptom dimensions. Therefore, augmentation with other medications for clozapine is frequently applied. However, the prescription pattern of clozapine and combined medications in Korea is yet to be examined. This study aims to investigate the maintenance treatment pattern of clozapine and augmentation agents in one Korean tertiary hospital. Methods: The patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders under clozapine maintenance, defined as one-year clozapine continuation, were subjected for analysis. Medication data at one-year time-point after clozapine initiation was extracted and analyzed. Results: Among total 2897 patients having clozapine prescription experience from January 2000 to December 2018, 1011 patients were on clozapine maintenance. The mean age of clozapine initiation was 30.2 ± 11.3 years, and the maintenance dose of clozapine was 217.8 ± 124.3 mg/day. Combination rate of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants were 43.5%, 25.3%, 38.6%, respectively. Most frequently prescribed drugs in each category were aripiprazole, valproate, and sertraline. Olanzapine equivalent dose of combined antipsychotics was 10.4 ± 7.7 mg/day. Male patients were prescribed higher dose of combined antipsychotics and higher rate of antidepressants. Female patients had later onset of clozapine prescription. Patients with two or more combined antipsychotics were prescribed higher dose of clozapine and higher rate of antidepressants compared to patients with one combined antipsychotic. Conclusions Taken together, among the patients taking clozapine, a substantial rate of patients were under polypharmacy. The present findings based on the real-world prescription pattern could provide the valuable clinical information on the treatment of TRSrelated conditions.

BACKGROUND: Epidural opioids and local anesthetics provide excellent postoperative analgesia. In addition, soft tissue and intra-articular injection of bupivacaine and morphine may have a beneficial analgesic effects after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study was designed to assess the additional analgesic effect of combined soft tissue, and intra-articular injection of morphine and bupivacaine in patients undergoing TKA under spinal anesthesia with continuous epidural morphine and bupivacaine injection. METHODS: Forty patients aged 55 to 75 years for a TKA under spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups. The both group of patients received a continuous epidural infusion using a two-day infusor containing morphine 5 mg in 100 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine. The experimental group of patients (n = 20) received soft tissue, and intra-articular injection containing 10 mg morphine in 100 ml bupivacaine 0.125%. The control group of patients (n = 20) received soft tissue, and intra-articular injection of 100 ml normal saline. Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively and side effects, such as hypotension, nausea, vomiting, pruritus, and respiratory distress were recorded. Whenever patients demanded supplemental analgesia, diclofenac sodium 75 mg was injected intramuscularly and the need for additional analgesic requirement was recorded. RESULTS: The experimental group of patients had significantly lower pain score and analgesic requirements than the control group for 2 days. There was no difference in the incidence of side effects between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Combined soft tissue, and intra-articular injection of morphine and bupivacaine with continuous epidural morphine and bupivacaine infusion reduces postoperative pain and supplementary analgesic requirements than continuous epidural morphine and bupivacaine infusion only in patients undergoing TKA.
Analgesia ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthetics, Local ; Arthroplasty* ; Bupivacaine* ; Diclofenac ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Injections, Intra-Articular* ; Knee* ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pruritus ; Visual Analog Scale ; Vomiting