No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

No abstract available.
Hand*

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to promote the regeneration of lost periodontal tissue, there have been many attempts to develop a method to achieve this goal, but none of them was completely successful. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Bio-Oss(R) on alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity in human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB1). The results of this study were as follows, in ALP Activity, 100 microgram/ml Bio-Oss(R) treated group showed significantly increased value than negative control group, but positive group(10(-7) M dexamethasone treated group) showed the highest ALP activity at 3 day. In mineralization assay, numerous mineralized nodules were identified as darkly stained spots in 100 microgram/ml Bio-Oss(R) treated group than two control groups, whereas a small number of mineralized nodules were showed in the positive control. ALP may relate to the initial phase of bone nodule formation. On the basis of these results, this study showed Bio-Oss(R) is capable of accelerating new bone formation through hFOB1 differentiation in vitro.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcification, Physiologic* ; Dexamethasone ; Humans* ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteogenesis ; Regeneration

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of alprazolam on the stress that Korean raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) may experience while caught in a live trap by measuring their serum cortisol response. The animals were placed in a live trap with or without being pretreated with oral doses of alprazolam. In both groups, pre-trap blood samples were initially collected without anesthesia before the animals were positioned in the live trap; then post-trap blood samples were collected after the animals had remained in the live trap for 2 h. Changes in cortisol levels were observed using a chemiluminescent immunoassay. The level of cortisol increased in the control group and decreased in the alprazolam-pretreatment group (p < 0.05). In this study, we demonstrated that alprazolam pretreatment reduced stress during live trap capture.
Alprazolam/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Anxiety Agents/*therapeutic use ; Anxiety/*drug therapy ; Hydrocorti ; *Raccoon Dogs ; Republic of Korea ; Restraint, Physical/*veterinary

No abstract available.

A 73-year-old Korean male was admitted to Jeil hospital with clinical complaints of backache, cough, sputum, vomiting and diarrhea. He had a history of long term administration of prednisolone. At admission he was comatose and showed generalized pitting edema and anasarca. Laboratory data revealed leukocytosis, hyperproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, sepsis, anemia and brown-colored urine. Stool examination revealed rhabditiform nematode larvae. By fecal cultivation, filariform larvae of Strogyloides were obtained and the patient was diagnosed as hyperinfection syndrome due to S. stercoralis infection. On the 3rd day of hospitalization, albendazole treatment was started and continued for 4 days. On the 7th dsy of hospitalization, sputum revealed filariform larvae. Total 619 parasitic adult females, expelled by chemotherapy, were collected from the diarrheal stool. However, the patient was discharged hopelessly and died at home.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; strongyloidiasis ; Strongyloides stercoralis ; case report

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue and the repair of function. For more than a decade there have been many efforts to develop ma- terials and methods of treatment to promote periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently many efforts are concentrated on the regeneration potential of material used in traditional medicine. Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed extract(SSE) have long clinically used in Korea to promote bone formation and prevent osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of SSE on bone formation in human osteoblastic cell line. Human fetal osteoblastic cell line(hFOB 1.19) was cultured with DMEM and SSE(1microgram/ml, 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml, 1mg/ml) at 34degrees C with 5% CO2 in 100% humidity. The proliferation, differentiation of the cell was evaluated by several experiments. Cell proliferation was significantly increased at 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml, 1mg/ml of SSE after 3 and 7 days incubation(p<0.05). Cell spreading assay was significantly increased at 100microgram/ml of SSE after 3 days and 1microgram/ml, 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml, 1mg/ml of SSE after 7 days(p<0.05). Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP) level was significantly increased in 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml of SSE(p<0.05). Collagen synthesis was significantly increased at 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml, 1mg/ml of SSE(p<0.05). A quantified calcium accumulation was significantly increased at 10microgram/ml, 100microgram/ml of SSE(p<0.05). ALP and osteocalcin mRNA was expressed in 100microgram/ml of SSE by RT-PCR. These results indicate that SSE are capable of increasing osteoblasts mineralization and may play an important role in bone formation.
Calcium ; Carthamus tinctorius* ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Collagen ; Humans ; Humidity ; Korea ; Medicine, Traditional ; Osteoblasts ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis* ; Osteoporosis ; Regeneration ; RNA, Messenger

BACKGROUND: The cell-mediated immunity is needed for eradicating the tubercle bacilli. Prosta- glandin(PG), especially PG E2, is involved in cellular immunosuppression. It is known that the PG E2 is suppressed by indo- methacin. For using indomethacin as a immunomodulator of intractable pulmonary tuberculosis(Tbc) patients, we measured the tuberculin skin test(TST) and the plasma PG E2 levels. METHOD: The forty-eight inpatients with sputum positive acid-fast stain bacilli were classified into 6 groups according to antiTbc chemotherapy history(new and intractable cases), plain chest roetgenogram(minimal and far advanced cases), and TST reaction(nagative and positive cases). Except for one group(n=2; new, minimal, and negative cases of TST reaction) of the 6 groups, all subjects(n=46) were measured for the plasma PG E2 levels with radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: 1) There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels among A group(far advanced and positive TST reaction cases, n=10, 11.22 +/-2.86 pg/ml), B group(minimal and negative TST reaction cases, n=9, 11.35 +/-2.20) and C group(far advanced and positive TST reaction cases, n=7, 11.11+/-2.30) in the new cases(p >0.05). 2) There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels between positive(n=10, 9.25 +/- 2.21) and negative(n=10, 8.25 +/- 1.13) groups by TST in the intractable cases(p>0.05). 3) Comparing the plasma PG E2 levels between new(n=26, 11.35 +/-2.41) and intractable(n=20, 8.75 1.78) groups, the intractable group had significi- antly lower plasma PG E2 levels(p<0.05). 4) There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels between negative(n=19, 9.88 +/-2.43) and positive(n=27, 10.46 +/-2.56) groups by TST(p>0.05). 5) There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels between male(n=32, 10.07 +/- 2.44) and female(n=14, 10.56 +/-2.70)(p >0.05). 6) There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels among 2nd(n=5, 10.21 +/-2.86), 3rd(n=9, 9.97+/-2.47), 4th(n=13, 11.35+/-2.33) and 5th(n=19, 9.57+/-2.48) decades(p>0.05). 7) There was no significiant correlation between the induration sizes of the TST and the plasma PG E2 levels(r=0.054, p>0.05). CONCLUSION: From the above results, the plasma PG E2 levels of intract- able group are not higher as the authors had expected. There was no significiant difference in the plasma PG E2 levels by the lesion sizes of plain chest roetgengram and the induration sizes of TST, so more study will be needed to use the indomethacin as a immunomodulator for intractable pulmonary thberculosis patients.
Dinoprostone* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunosuppression ; Indomethacin ; Inpatients ; Oxyphenonium ; Plasma* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Skin Tests* ; Skin* ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculin* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate the extent to which specific known polymorphisms of fibrinogen, factor VII (FVII) and PAI-1 genes are associated with their respective plasma levels. And also we examined whether these genotypes were linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). METHOD: We performed a case-control study of 165 patients which included 156 CAD and 9 peripheral artery obstructive disease and 188 healthy controls without a history of cardiovascular disease. The four polymorphisms of fibrinogen (Beta-455G/A, beta448Arg/Lys), FVII (353Arg/Gln) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) gene were measured, together with their plasma levels. RESULTS: There was a difference between patients and controls in the frequency of the fibrinogen beta448Lys allele (0.206 vs 0.106, P< 0.001), but there were no significant frequency differences in fibrinogen beta-455A (0.537 vs 0.529), FVII 353Gln (0.079 vs 0.080) and PAI-1 4G (0.146 vs 0.113) Allele. Plasma fibrinogen level was higher in patients (372.8+/-112.0 mg/ dL) than in controls (300.4+/-70.9 mg/dL) and patients with genotype beta448LysLys (457.8+/-134.4 mg/dL) or beta448ArgLys (397.3+/-120.8 mg/dL) had higher fibrinogen levels than those with 448ArgArg (354.9+/-102.3 mg/dL). Using multivariate logistic regression, the beta448 ArgLys or LysLys genotype was associated with over twice the risk of CAD (odds ratio 2.25) compared with the beta448ArgArg genotype. Hypertension is more potent risk factor for the person who has the beta448Lys allele of fibrinogen. CONCLUSION: These data provide evidence that a polymorphism of the fibrinogen beta488Arg/ Lys is associated with an increased risk of CAD and that hypertension is more potent risk factor for CAD in person who have the beta488Lys allele of fibrinogen.
Alleles ; Arteries ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Factor VII* ; Fibrinogen* ; Genotype* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Logistic Models ; Plasma ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators* ; Plasminogen* ; Risk Factors

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVES: We report a case of spinal subarachnoid hematoma that developed after spinal anesthesia in a female patient who had no risk factors. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Few case reports of spinal subarachnoid hematoma (SSH) after spinal anesthesia have been published. The incidence of SSH is much less than that of epidural hematoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 56-year-old female patient underwent arthroscopic surgery on her right knee under spinal anesthesia. Automated patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was applied after surgery. On day 2, the patient complained of lower back pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting, but there were no neurological signs in the lower extremity. At day 5, she had a moderate fever (38.4°) and continuous nausea and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted on day 5 and a large subarachnoid hematoma was found. We immediately performed surgical hematoma evacuation. Her low back and buttock pain improved immediately, and all symptoms disappeared in a week without any neurological sequelae. RESULTS: The unusual and vague symptoms in this case made the diagnosis difficult, but spinal MRI confirmed SSH. Immediate surgical hematoma evacuation improved all symptoms and left no neurologic sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: SSH after spinal anesthesia may have cerebral symptoms that mimic the side effects of PCA. Early diagnosis by MRI and surgical evacuation of the SSH are a reasonable approach for this complication.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Arthroscopy ; Buttocks ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Risk Factors ; Vomiting