Humans ; Lead ; urine ; Lead Poisoning ; diagnosis ; urine ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

Objective To reduce the probability of adverse transfusion reaction and ensure the safety of transfusion according review the clinical cases.Methods The record of adverse transfusion reaction was retropectivly analyzed.Results 81 cases were occured adverse reactions caused by transfusion in 38 490 cases of our hospital, with the rate of 0.21%,including 52 cases of anaphylactic transfusion reaction and 29 cases of febrile non -hemolytic transfusion reaction.There wasn't statistically significant difference among of those blood components(χ2 =3.849,P >0.05).Conclusion We should renovate the scientific and reasonable concept of blood transfusion,encourage autolo-gous transfusion,strictly abide by the lows and regulations realated to transfusion,the probability of adverse transfusion reaction would be reduced.

Objective Compared study on microcolumn gel test (MGT)and tube anti -globulin test (TAT) in the detection of pregnant women IgG anti A (B)in the application of antibody and evaluate the application value of MGT in the prediction of HDN.Methods Choosed blood samples of 443 cases of O blood type pregnant women whose husband were not O blood type as the research object.Every specimen were tested by MGT method and TAT method,and the data were treated statistically.Results The positive rate of MGT method and TAT method were:30% and 12.5% which had statistical significance(χ2 =15.95,P <0.05).The difference was significant in positive cases titer distribution(t =15.13,P <0.01).Conclusion The micro column gel method is rapid,simple,sensitive and repeatable compared of tube anti -globulin test (TAT).

Objective To analyse retrospectively the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of arterial intervention-al therapy combined with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) erlotinib (erlotinib) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient with brain metastasis. Methods A total of 45 NSCLC patients with brain metastasis were underwent infusion chemotherapy two-six cycles by selective bronchial artery or intracranial arterial. Erlo-tinib (150 mg, 1/d) was used simultaneously or sequentially with the infusion chemotherapy. The clinical efficacy was as-sessed every two cycles or when the disease got progressed. The progression-free survival (PES) and overall survival (OS) were recorded from the follow up data. Results All the patients received at least two cycles of treatment. The median num-ber of cycles was 3 (range 2-6 cycles). The results were as follows:complete remission (CR) in 7 cases (15.56%), partial re-mission (PR) 12 cases (26.67%), stable (SD) 16 cases (35.56%) and progression (PD) 10 cases (22.22%). The objective re-sponse rate (ORR, CR+PR) and disease control rate (DCR, CR+PR+SD) were 42.22%and 77.78%respectively. Patients in this study were followed up for 19 months (6-45 months), with the median PFS time 11.00 months,the median OS time 17.00 months. The univariate analysis showed that patients with low PS score had longer PFS and OS than those of patients with higher PS score. There were 53 adverse events during the treatment. No serious adverse reactions of drugs were found in patients. Conclusion The arterial interventional therapy combined with erlotinib showed a better short-term effect and pro-longed survival time, and with mild side effects.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the treatment of anti-diabetics medicines and use of essential medicines in Chinese hospi-tal,and provide evidence for developing medicine policy,preventing and treating diabetes. METHODS:Data about annual con-sumption from 2012 to 2014 were extracted from the IMS CHPA database to analyze the object medicines of the target drugs with top 60% consumption volume of oral anti-diabetics and insulins,and the proportion of consumption volume and consumption amount in insulin,its analogues and three generations of insulin by 2 administration mode in Chinese hospital. RESULTS & CON-CLUSIONS:Acarbose tablet manufactured by Beijing Bayer HealthCare Co.,Ltd. and Metformin tablet manufactured by Shanghai Squibb Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. had occupied the top 2 of volume consumption in Chinese hospitals,totally accounting for 25%-26%. The 60% volume consumption of insulins and its analogues concentrated on one cheap local animal insulin(volume ac-counting for 13%-16% and amount accounting for 1%)and those imported or joint venture-made the second and third generation of insulins and analogues administrated by pen/cartridge. No matter insulins or oral anti-diabetics,the top consumption was listed as National Essential Medicine System,but none was recommended by WHO. Multi-pharmas dominate the Chinese anti-diabetic mar-ket through introducing new combined formulations and new dosage forms. WHO non-listed anti-diabetics have beautiful sales in Chinese hospitals,while traditional cheap medications for the general public grew slowly and with low profits. Chinese hospitals generally consumed more expensive new generations and original research manufacturers of anti-diabetics. As a lower middle in-come country that just established a universal coverage of basic health insurance,China still has a huge population with very limit-ed benefit package. Efficient use of limited health resources is essential for a successful health reform and a sustainable development of the health system in China.

Objective To explore the appropriate dosage of drugs inducing experimental allergic en cephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice,and evaluate the modified model mice.Methods Different doses of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55:200 μg,100 μg,50 μg,25 μg),together with different doses of inactivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RA:800 μg,250 μg,100 μg) and pertussis toxin (500 ng,200 ng),were used to induce the EAE model.After immunized,the clinical disease severity of EAE mice was measured by the standard EAE grading clinical score daily.The open field test was used to detect the locomotion of mice.The Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the level of myelin basic proteins (MBP) in different brain regions of mice.Results Compared with the EAE mice induced with high-dose drugs,the mice with low-dose drugs (25 μg MOG35-55,100 μg H37RA,200 ng pertussis toxin) had low neu rological scores.And they displayed normal locomotion compared with the control mice (day 16:group EAE (8.885±0.772) cm/s vs control group (8.933±0.567) cm/s,P＞0.05;day 31:group EAE (11.130±0.630) cm/s vs control group (10.670±0.959) cm/s,P＞0.05;day 55:group EAE (7.686±0.428) cm/s vs control group (8.313±0.918) cm/s,P＞0.05).Moreover,there was a significant decrease of MBP in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) and fimbria-fornix of EAE mice induced with low-dose of drugs (PHC:group EAE (0.369±0.096) vs control group (1.000±0.163),P＜0.05;fimbria-fomix:group EAE (0.494±0.071) vs control group (1.000±0.143),P＜0.05).Conclusion The EAE mice induced with low-dose drugs(25 μg MOG35-55,100 μg H37RA,200 ng pertussis toxin) have low neurological scores,normal locomotion,and myelin impairment in the central neuronal system.And it can be used in the cognitive behavioral research of demyelination disease,such as multiple sclerosis.

Objective To study the effect of Nimotop on the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cerebral infarction size after cerebral ischemic reperfusion (CIR) in rats.Methods CIR models were established by occluding unilateral middle cerebral arteries(MCA) of rats for 2 hours and then reperfused. The models were divided into 2 groups:Nimotop group and the saline control group,each group had CIR 6、12、24、48 and 72 h sub-groups. As soon as reperfusion,Nimotop or saline was abdominal abministrated(2 mg/kg weight) respectively per 12 h. Fluorophotometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect the permeability of BBB,the rate of infarction size was calculated by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) dyeing.Results Following reperfusion,the permeability of BBB and the rate of cerebral infarction size were increased. The permeability of BBB had two peaks. The first peak took place at 12h after CIR. The second peak was at 48 h after CIR. These changes were more severe in Nimotop group than in saline group( P

Objective To compare and anlyze the applications of microcolumn gel test (MGT)and the tube anti -globulin test (TAT)for detection of three hemolytic tests.Methods Microcolumn gel test and tube anti -globulin test were used in three tests with a total of 160 cases of blood speciments of newborn who had blood group in-compatibility with their mothers:direct anti -globulin test,free test and elution test,then the data were analyzed statis-tically.Results The positive rates of direct anti -globulin test of MGT and TAT were 30.0% and 12.5%(χ2 =14.64,P <0.05);The positive rates of free test of MGT and TAT were 47.5% and 25.0%(χ2 =17.53,P <0.05), respectively;The positive rates of elution test of MGT and TAT were 62.5% and 30.0%(χ2 =33.99,P <0.05). There was statistically significant difference between two methods in three tests.Conclusion MGT has the advantages of quickness,simplicity,high sensitivity,convenience,needs less sample,high repeatability,direct judging of the re-sults,which is better than TAT in three hemolytic tests.

Objective:To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of simvastatin combined cyclic adenosine monophos-phate on coronary heart disease (CHD)with chronic heart failure (CHF)and levels of serum-related factors.Meth-ods:A total of 78 CHD patients with CHF hospitalized in our hospital from Jan 2011 to Jan 2012 were selected. They were randomly and equally divided into simvastatin group and combined treatment group using number table, both groups received routine treatment,simvastatin group received simvastatin in addition, while combined treat-ment group received cyclic adenosine monophosphate based on simvastatin group.Therapeutic effect,changes of cardiac function indexes and serum factor levels were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Re-sults:The total effective rate of combined treatment group (92.31%)was significantly higher than that of simvasta-tin group (71.79%),P<0.05;compared with before treatment and simvastatin after treatment,there were signifi-cant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF,(33.54±3.34)%,(43.41±3.23)% vs.(55.21±3.45)%] and transmitral early/late diastolic peak flow velocity [E/A,(0.63±0.11),(0.70±0.15)vs.(1.01±0.21)],and significant reductions in levels of brain natriuretic peptide [BNP,(536.74±21.41)ng/ml,(117.23±11.57)ng/ml vs.(78.20±10.92)ng/ml]and C reactive protein [CRP,(24.00±2.34)mg/L,(17.01±1.09)mg/L vs.(8.28± 0.81)mg/L]in combined treatment group,P<0.05~<0.01.Conclusion:Simvastatin combined cyclic adenosine monophosphate possess significant therapeutic effect on chronic heart failure of coronary heart disease,it can signif-icantly improve cardiac function and serum factor levels in CHD patients with chronic heart failure,and possess good clinical application value.

Objective To separate and screen components with fibrinolytic enzyme activity from twelve Chinese herbal medicines. Methods The components were extracted with water and precipitated with salt, and they were tested by fibrinolytic protein plates method. The active components with fibrinolytic activity were separated and screened which were compared with urokinase. Results Eleven of the twelve extracts showed fibrinolytic activity, while Trichosanthes kirilowii got the biggest fibrinolytic zone after 36 hours, followed by Alisma plantago-aquatica and Leonurus japonicus, and the Radix Astagali got the smallest one. According to the concentration of the protein, the area of the fibrinolytic zone and the specific activity of the components, the extract from Angelica sinensis exhibited the best specific activity at level of 48.46U/mg. Conclusion The extracts from Chinese herbal medicines except Semen Persicae exhibit fibrinolytic enzyme activity which can dissolve the fibrin in different degrees.