No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Membranes* ; Rupture* ; Sepsis

This study was carried out to examine Koreans preference in mushrooms, their nutritional knowledge of mushrooms as a source of Vitamin D, and five characteristics of six dishes consisting of common dishes and mushroom dishes. The data were collected from 2,777 subjects in various age ranges by means of a survey questionnaire. Variables, such as age, gender, diet quality and the degree of interest in diet were significant factors considered in relation to preference of mushrooms. Adults ate mushrooms because of their healthfulness, but this attibute was not a factor among adolescent students. The level of nutritional knowledge was relatively low and the ratio of "do not know" responses was higher than the ratio of "yes" or "no" . Generally, housewives, elementary school children and those who were healthy, ate floods because of health consciousness, and those who preferred mushrooms had better dietary habits. The characteristics of mushroom dishes, both as main and side dishes, had much more correlation with the factors considered for the subjects than the common dishes and one dish meals, respectively. Dietary altitudes, such as mushroom preference, frequency of mushroom intake and level of nutritional knowledge, were strongly correlated with the characteristics of the six dishes. It has been shown that mushroom dishes were recognized as nutritional, rather than delicious.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Agaricales* ; Altitude ; Child ; Consciousness ; Diet ; Floods ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Meals ; Vitamin D ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Hysterosalpingography*

Castlernan disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of uncertain cause, which most commonly involves mediastinum and rarely affects retroperitoneal, axillary or cervical lymph nodes. Authors present CT the and MRI findings of a cases of Castleman disease involving cervical lymph nodes. On CT and MR. There were multiple lymph nodes enlargement with homogeneous enhancement along the bilateral internal jugular and spinal accessory lymph node chain.
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia* ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mediastinum ; Neck*

Castlernan disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of uncertain cause, which most commonly involves mediastinum and rarely affects retroperitoneal, axillary or cervical lymph nodes. Authors present CT the and MRI findings of a cases of Castleman disease involving cervical lymph nodes. On CT and MR. There were multiple lymph nodes enlargement with homogeneous enhancement along the bilateral internal jugular and spinal accessory lymph node chain.
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia* ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mediastinum ; Neck*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current nutritional labeling practices in the processed foods industry. Package labels provide consumers with reliable nutritional information, which has been considered a useful aid for food selection and a potent educational tool for nutrition in a daily life. To assess the nutritional composition labeling and nutritional claims on the food package labels in the Korean market, 2,691 processed foods were purchased from a wholesale market in August, 2004, under the food categories specified in the 2004 Food Code. Nutritional composition labels were found on 674 out of the 2,691 processed foods items. The study findings were as follows. Milk and dairy products showed the highest percentage(56.6%) of nutritional composition labeling among the food categories, while 86.2% of processed foods carried inappropriate types of nutrition labels. The title of nutritional composition labeling was ordered according to the nutritional composition presented on the top part of the box. The regulations method which it indicates was 77.8%. The expression unit of the nutritional composition labeling was per 100g(32.8%) or per OOg (29.4%). Of total processed foods, 83(3.1%) offered nutritional claims in their labels. These claims were divided into two ways: nutrient content claims and nutrient comparative claims. The most frequently used term in nutrient content claims was "contained"(67.2%). "More" or "Plus" were frequently used term in nutrient comparative claims(11.2%). Calcium was the most popular among nutrients claimed by processed foods(34.3%).
Calcium ; Dairy Products ; Food Preferences ; Milk ; Social Control, Formal

Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC) is an uncommon tumor of the sweat gland origin. The occurrence of PCMC is mostly in middle-aged and older patients, with a slight male predominance. Most cases of PCMC arise on the head, with a preference for eyelids. The histogenesis of PCMC, whether eccrine or apocrine, remains controversial. We report a rare case of PCMC with secondary extramammary Paget’s disease in the groin of a 75-year-old man, which favored an apocrine origin. Furthermore, based on a review of the literature, we provide several histologic clues that can be used to differentiate PCMC from metastatic mucinous carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Aged ; Eyelids ; Groin ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Mucins ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Sweat Glands

The study was conducted in two phase. In phase I, workplace safety accidents were investigated that happened from 2004 to 2008 in 52 medium-sized contract managed foodservice companies located in Seoul. In phase II, a survey was conducted to examine the cuisine employees' awareness of workplace safety. The survey was administered to the same foodservice management companies from April 12 to April 20, 2009. The final response rate was 84% (N=336), and the data were analyzed using SPSS Windows (ver. 12.0). The analysis showed that more accidents occurred in the age groups of 51~60 and 41~50 and among women. Forty-four percents of the accidents were reported by the employees who had been engaged in foodservice for 1~4 years. The majority of the safety accidents occurred in May~June of the year and the injuries were related to the 'hands and arms'. Approximately 38.5% of the injuries happened during 'movement and transportation'. More than half of the accidents were not managed as 'industrial accidents'. By type of injuries, 28.6% of the accidents were 'fractures'. In terms of the companies' actions, 44% of the accidents were dealt by companies' paying medical bills. The results of this study could be useful to develop evaluation indicators for safety education programs, decrease cuisine employees' safety accidents, protect assets, and prevent various worker and industrial accidents to create a pleasant work environment.
Accidents, Occupational ; Contracts ; Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aquatic exercise on pain, fatigue, body composition, physical fitness and psychological variables in women with arthritis. METHOD: With a quasi-experimental design, 37 women who had arthritis were assigned into an experimental group (n=19) or a control group (n=18). Aquatic exercise consisted of one hour of exercise in water, two days per week, for six weeks and a self-help process. Measures included physiologic and psychological variables before and after the exercise. Data was analyzed with the SPSS WIN using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANCOVA. RESULT: The mean age of the subjects was 59 years in the experimental group and 52 years in the control group. Pretest scores in outcome variables were similar in both groups except BMI and body fat(%). After controlling for age, shoulder flexibility scores in the experimental group improved more than the control group (Rt: F=10.58, p=.003; Lt: F=5.91, p= .02; Waist: F=4.95, p= .03). Depression scores in the experimental group decreased (F=12.96, p= .001), and self efficacy and quality of life improved more than the others (F=5.07, p= .03; F=6.91, p= .01). CONCLUSION: Aquatic exercise can improve waist flexibility and shows consistent findings of improved shoulder flexibility and psychological function in women with arthritis.
Arthritis* ; Body Composition* ; Depression ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Humans ; Physical Fitness* ; Pliability ; Quality of Life ; Self Efficacy ; Shoulder

For 16 years after the finding of HIV as an agent of AIDS in 1981, HIV therapeutic drugs of reverse transcriptase inhibitors (AZT, ddI, ddC, d4T) and protease inhibitors have been developed. Recent studies also were focused on a combination therapy by using HIV therapeutic drugs or natural compounds. Korean red ginseng (KRG) of natural compounds has been well known as a good reinforcement agent in Asia. The percentage of CD3+CD4+ T cell in nine HIV-infected patients without KRG treatment averaged 17.8% on baseline and decreased 15.8% after 6 months, whereas the percentage of the cell in fifteen HIV-infected patients with KRG treatment averaged 15.3% on baseline and increased up to 18.9% after the same period. The average percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cell of KRG-nontreated and KRG-treated HIV patients increased after 6 months 47.8% to 50.7% and 44.7% to 51.4%, respectively; and the average percentage of B and NK cell in the KRG-nontreated and KRG-treated HIV patients decreased 9.4% to 7.9% and 13.0% to 9.7%, 8.9% to 8.5% and 16.2% to 11.6%, respectively, KRG, therefore, didn't have any effects on the CD3+CD8+ T cell, B cell, and NK cell. However, it seems that KRG has a potential activity for stimulating the
Asia ; HIV ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes* ; Panax* ; Protease Inhibitors ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors