0.05).TGF-?1 of patients with PHN,trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia either administered NSAIDs drugs or not were significantly lower than patients with Cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation either administered NSAIDs drugs or not respectively(P

The lack of donor corneal endothelium is a serious impediment to the development of corneal endothelial transplantation,whereas the bioengineered cornea provides an approach to this problem.Functional corneal endothelial cells which differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can,to some extent,relieve the lack of donor corneas,especially for corneal endothelia.At the moment,an optimal way of offering bioengineered-corneal endothelium is to cultivate the corneal endothelial cells in vitro.This is a process of inducing human ESCs to differentiate into neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) and then into corneal endothelial cells in a favorable medium with growth factors and extracellular matrix,which are matched microenvironment of endothelial cells in vitro.However,the inducement condition is still pending and remains for further research.This article reviewed the researching development of bioengineered-corneal endothelium from the effect of microenvironment and the induction of human ESCs.

The vetting of senior professional positions in hospitals is related not only to the development of staff members,but also to the quality of the medical service.It is a multiple-stage process,which involves individuals and every department of a hospital,and is associated with a good understanding of policy and professional knowledge.Naturally,the vetting of senior professional position may bring about many new conditions and problems now and then,which pose challenges that need to be perceived and solved in time.The this article focuses on the resolution of the problems that may arise during the vetting process of senior professional positions of a hospital,and proposes suggestions for the improvement of the vetting.

This study aimed to analyze about the perception in obesity and body somatotype of university students in Korea and in China. This study provides the basic data of nutrition education for university student healthy weight program in China. The subjects were selected 240 university students of Korea and China. Two types of qualitative and quantitative questionnaires were used to analyze the attitude and body somatotype of subjects. The results of this study were as follows: The average BMI of Korean and Chinese male students was 22.3 and 22.5, respectively while the average BMI of Korean and Chinese female students was 19.8 and 19.7, respectively. In the past three years, the weight gain of Chinese students was higher than that of Korean students. Chinese students preferred the overweight body somatotype more compared to the Korean students. The overweight and obese students had more obvious insufficiency in body somatotype perception. The overweight and obese students had higher tendency to 'eat more meat', 'drink carbonated beverages', 'eat convenience food', 'take fast food' and 'drink alcohol' than the normal and low weight group. The major reasons for Korean students to control weight were 'appearance' and 'self confidence', while the major reasons for Chinese students were 'health' and 'employment'. From the results of associative group analysis (AGA), Chinese students had different semantic value of 'obese' than Korean students. Considering of the food transition status in China, it may be necessary to develop more suitable education programs for weight control for Chinese university students.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carbon ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Semantics ; Somatotypes ; Weight Gain

Objective To investigate the influence of sevoflurane and total intravenous anesthesia with propofol on hepatic and renal function in elder patients under gastrectomy .Methods 55 patients between the ages of 60-75 ,ASA physical status class Ⅰor Ⅱ ,scheduled for an elective gastrectomy were randomly divided into two groups .Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane 1% -1 .2% and remifentanil (0 .1-0 .2)μg · kg -1 · min-1 in the group S and propofol (1 -2)mg · kg -1 · h-1 and remifentanil (0 .1-0 .2)μg · kg -1 · min-1 in the group T .The hepatic and renal function ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST ) ,alanine amin-otransferase(ALT),bloodureanitrogen(BUN)andcreatinineweretestedatpreoperation(baseline),postoperative1dayand3 days .Results AST was increased at postoperative 1 day and 3 day ,compared with that of the preoperation in the group S and group T .Serum BUN at 3 day and creatinine at 1 day and 3 day were significantly higher from the preoperative values in group S (P<0 .05) ,but the values were within its normal limit .ALT was not changed after anesthesia in the both groups .And Serum BUN and creatinine were not changed after anesthesia in the T groups (P>0 .05) .There were no significant difference in the AST ,ALT , BUN and creatinine between the groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The changes of hepatic and renal effect after inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil and TIVA with propofol and remifentanil for gastrectomy are clinically insignficant ,and there is no difference between the two methods .

Objective To investigate the causes, prevention and treatment of bile leakage following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods Nine cases of postoperative bile leakage out of 3626 cases of LC between October 1993 and October 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Intraperitoneal drainage was conducted in 6 patients and one of them (stump leakage of cystic duct) also underwent endoscopic nasal biliary drainage (ENBD). The remaining 3 patients received laparoscopic exploration : 1 patient with incomplete clipping of cystic duct stump underwent laparoscopic re-clipping successfully and a conversion to open repair of cystic duct was required in the other 2 patients with bile duct injuries. All the 9 patients were cured and discharged postoperatively. Follow-up in the 9 patients for (1～9) years (mean, 3 7 years) revealed no bile duct complications.Conclusions Bile leakage following LC should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. Although subhepatic drainage is of great importance, emphasis should be on the prevention .

Objective:To study the feasibility and reliability of using phosphorylated H2AX(?H2AX)as a predictor for sensitivity of hepatic carcinoma cell HepG2.215 to chemotherapy agents: etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin, and cisplatin. Methods: HepG2.215 cells were exposed to etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin or cisplatin of 1, 2, 4 and 20 concentration index (CI). Untreated HepG2.215 cells were taken as control. The proportion of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX was measured by flow cytometry, the number of ?H2AX foci in HepG2.215 cells was measured by immunocytochemistry, and cell proliferation was measured by MTT. The correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells was analyzed; the correlation of CI with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was analyzed; and the correlation of inhibitory rate of cell praliferation with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci was also analyzed. Results: There was a positive correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells after treatment with the above 4 agents (all P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic markers of integron and transposon in multidrug-resistant strains of Escherichia coli.METHODS The genetic markers of integron(qacE△1-sul1) and transposons(merA,tnpA and tnpU) were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS In 20 strains,14 strains carried qacE△1-sul1,and 3 strains carried merA.CONCLUSIONS There are high percentages of the genetic markers of integron(qacE△1-sul1) and transposon(merA) in multidrug-resistant strains of E.coli.

Ethical Anthropology is a very important discipline that we should pay great attention to.It should make great contribution to the regulation of basic health policy for poor,minority nations and to the development of regional medicine in developing and third-world countries as well.Also,Ethical Anthropology will have great influenve on modern health reform and current health policy in China.

Objective To assess the efficacy and adverse reactions of two cconcentrations of diluted botulinum toxin A for dynamic frontotransverse wrinkles.Methods Totally 103 cases met the inclusion criteria were assigned into two groups by a random number table:high concentration group (50 U/ml,53 cases) and low concentration group (25 U/ml,50 cases).The two groups were given the local injection with 50 U/ml and 25 U/ml concentration of botulinum toxin type A,respectively.Dosage of BTX-A,the treatment effect,the duration of the effect and the incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed.Results The high concentration group were given the BTX-A (45.53±2.05) U,the low concentration group were given the BTX-A (25.71 ± 1.74) U,and the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The differences of post-operative evaluation,time of onset and duration between the two groups were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).In the high concentration group,30 cases (88.24％) had forehead heaviness sensation,and 2 cases (5.71％) in the low concentration group,the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Neither of the groups was given any specific treatment,the symptoms were disappeared in two weeks.In either group there was no serious complications such as intoxication,allergy,etc.Conclusions The efficacy of local injection with two concentrations of diluted botulinum toxin A in the treatment of dynamic frontotransverse wrinkles is positive,the duration of treatment effect between the two groups is similar,and therefore the 25 U/ml concentration is recommended to reduce the forehead heaviness sensation.