PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to assess the oral health knowledge of nursing staff in long-term care institutions and to identify predictors of oral health knowledge. METHOD: For this descriptive correlation study, a self-administered and structured questionnaire was used. Respondents were 111 nursing staff in two long-term care facilities and two long-term care hospitals located in G metropolitan area and C province in the Southern part of Korea. Descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Participants in this study did not have many opportunities to learn about oral health care for elders in long-term care institutions. The percentage of correct answer for oral health knowledge questionnaire was 64.5%. Predictors of oral health knowledge among nursing staffs were education on oral health in long-term care institutions, type of institution, and length of time working with elders. These three variables accounted for 24.2% of variance in oral health knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing staffs should make an effort to improve their knowledge of oral health. Moreover, oral health educational program for nursing staffs working with elders in long-term care institution is need to be developed and the effectiveness of this education needs to be evaluated.
Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Humans ; Korea ; Long-Term Care ; Nursing Staff ; Oral Health ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
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Patients with acute glomerulonephritis often are seen with signs suggesting heart failure. Whether these signs are due to fluid overload secondary to kidney damage only, or whether there is associated myocardial damage has not been elucidated. Twenty-two children with acute glomerulonephritis were studied by echocardiography during edematous phase of disease. Left ventricular function was normal in all childrem. The most consistent finding was enlargement of left atrium and left ventricle during the edematous phase. There was no correlation between blood pressure and the echocardiographic findings. This study suggest that signs of heart failure in acute glomerulonephritis are not due to myocardial damage but probably reflect fluid overload.
Blood Pressure ; Child ; Echocardiography* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Heart Atria ; Heart Failure ; Heart Ventricles ; Heart* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Ventricular Function, Left

PURPOSE: To compare of quantitative measurement of the total cerebral blood flow using two-dimensional phase-contrast MR imaging and Doppler ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 16 volunteers (mean age, 26 years; mean body weight, 66 kg) without abnormal medical histories, two-dimensional phase-contrast MR imaging was performed at the level of the C2-3 intervertebral disc for flow measurement of the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries. Volume flow measurements using Doppler ultrasound were also performed at the internal carotid arteries 2 cm above the carotid bifurcation, and at the vertebral arteries at the level of the upper pole of the thyroid gland. Flows in the four vessels measured by the two methods were compared using Wilcoxon's correlation analysis and the median score. Total cerebral blood flows were calculated by summing these four vessel flows, and mean values for the 16 volunteers were calculated. RESULTS: Cerebral blood flows measured by 2-D phase-contrast MR imaging and Doppler ultrasounds were 233 and 239 ml/min in the right internal carotid artery, 250 and 248 ml/min in the left internal carotid artery, 62 and 56 ml/min in the right vertebral artery, and 83 and 68 ml/min in the left vertebral artery. Correlation coefficients of the blood flows determined by the two methods were 0.48, 0.54, 0.49, and 0.62 in each vessel, while total cerebral blood flows were 628+/-68 (range, 517 to 779) ml/min and 612+/-79 (range, 482 to 804)ml/min, respectively. CONCLUSION: Total cerebral blood flow was easily measured using 2-D phase-contrast MR imaging and Doppler ultrasound, and the two noninvasive methods can therefore be used clinically for the measurement of total cerebral blood flow.
Body Weight ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Intervertebral Disc ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography* ; Vertebral Artery ; Volunteers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) with 2D echocardiography (2DE) is one of the time-consuming procedures in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Moreover, the accuracy of DSE with 2DE depends on the operator's skill or bias during the image acquisition. This study was conducted to determine the feasibility and accuracy of DSE with real-time 3D echocardiography (RT3DE) for the diagnosis of CAD. SUBJECT AND METHODS: 62 patients (RT3DE: 36, 2DE: 26), suspected of angina pectoris and post-revascularization ischemia, underwent DSE and coronary angiography (CAG). Image acquisition was performed at the baseline, and at 4 times during the dobutamine infusion and recovery stages. The procedure time (from the baseline to the end of the peak dose stage) was recorded. Off-line analyses of the volumetric images acquired with RT3DE were performed using 3D computer software (TomTec, Co.). Digitized quad-screen images acquired with 2DE were analyzed using the 2DE review system (ProSolv 4.0). >50% luminal diameter stenosis of any coronary artery on CAG was defined as significant coronary artery stenosis. RESULTS: The procedure time of DSE with RT3DE was significantly shorter than that of DSE with 2DE (25+/-4 vs. 37+/-4 mins, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the sensitivity (p>0.05) or specificity (p>0.05) between the two procedures. CONCLUSION: DSE with RT3DE seems to be a feasible and less time consuming diagnostic procedure, probably providing comparable sensitivity and specificity for the detection of coronary artery stenosis, than DSE with 2DE.
Angina Pectoris ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis* ; Dobutamine* ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional* ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Phenobarbital ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Pulmonary mucormycosis is a relatively rare but highly virulent and rapidly progressive disease that occurs after inhalation of spores of the fungi that belong to class Zygomycetes. This infection occasionally occurs in seriously immunocompromised patients, but also in patients with uncontrolled diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Diagnosis is pathologic demonstration of typical hyphae within lung tissue, and requires aggressive treatments including surgical and medical approach for reducing the overall mortality. In Korea, pulmonary mucormycosis complicated with diabetes has been reported in only five cases. Recently, we experienced a case of pulmonary mucormycosis in 32-year-old poorly controlled diabetic man, who had nonspecific pulmonary symptoms, a lobar consolidation on chest radiograph, and endobronchial lesions on bronchoscopic finding. We reported here our case and reviewed characteristics of other five previous cases.
Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis ; Diagnosis ; Fungi ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Immunocompromised Host ; Inhalation ; Korea ; Lung ; Mortality ; Mucormycosis* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Spores

Eccrine poroma is a benign neoplasm, arising from the eccrine sweat duct. It generally occurs in middle aged individuals and is most commonly found on the sole or the sides of the foot, followed by the hands and fingers. It presents as a solitary, soft or a rather firm consistent, sessile or often slightly pedunculating, tumor. A 47-year-old woman presented with a 2.5x1.5 sized brownish to erythematous pedunculating mass on the left flank. According to histopathologic finding and immunohistochemical staining (epithelial membrane antigen), the final diagnosis was consistent with eccrine poroma. We report here on an interesting case of eccrine poroma presenting as pedunculating mass on the flank, which is an unusual location.
Female ; Fingers ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Membranes ; Middle Aged ; Poroma ; Sweat

The pectus excavatum is the most common deformity of chest wall. The most common cause of surgical correction is cosmetic problem. From January 1981 to July 1996, 24 patients had undergone surgery for pectus excavatum and they were corrected by Ravitch operation (n=4) or modified Wada operation (n=20) respectively. We analyzed each surgical cases according to age, sex, chief complaint, degree of deformity, EKG findings, complications and satisfaction degree of patient. In some cases, we measured Welch index preoperatively and postoperatively. The postoperative complications were wound infection in two, pneumothorax in two and reccurrence in one. The average value of Welch index was significantly improved from 5.86+/-0.51 preoperatively to 4.10+/-0.51 postoperatively (p<0.05). The results by Humphreys' criteria were satisfiable in 88% (excellent 71%, good 17%). The findings of this study suggest that surgical correction of pectus excavatum with modified Wada rocedure and submammary s in incision is effective method in physical and psychiatric aspect.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Electrocardiography ; Funnel Chest* ; Humans ; Pneumothorax ; Postoperative Complications ; Thoracic Wall ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: This study was to determine the effects of abdominal breathing training using biofeedback on stress, immune response, and quality of life. METHOD: The study design was a nonequivalent control group pretest- posttest, quasi-experimental design. Twenty-five breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled. The experimental group(n=12) was provided with abdominal breathing training using biofeedback once a week for 4 weeks. State anxiety, cancer physical symptoms, serum cortisol, T cell subsets(T3, T4, T8), NK cell and quality of life were measured both before and after the intervention. RESULT: Though state anxiety, cancer physical symptoms, and serum cortisol were reduced after 4 weeks of abdominal breathing training using biofeedback, there was no statistical significance. It showed, however, improvement in quality of life (p=.02), and T3(p=.04). CONCLUSION: Abdominal breathing training using biofeedback improves quality of life in breast cancer patients after a mastectomy. However, the mechanism of this beneficial effect and stress response requires further investigation with special consideration in subject selection and frequency of measurement. Nurses should consider this strategy as a standard nursing intervention for people living with cancer.
*T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; Stress, Psychological/psychology/therapy ; *Quality of Life ; Middle Aged ; Mastectomy/*psychology/rehabilitation ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Humans ; Female ; *Breathing Exercises ; Breast Neoplasms/immunology/*psychology/surgery ; *Biofeedback (Psychology) ; Adult

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to obtain epidemiologic data and overall risk of complications of short term peripheral intravenous catheters. METHODS: The data was collected prospectively from August 19 to september 13, 2002. The subjects of this study were 350 adult patients hospitalized to the internal medicine a surgical general ward. Catheter sites were inspected daily from insertion to removal by infection control nurses, and characteristics of patients and catheters were recorded. Phlebitis was defined as one of the followings along the course of the vein: erythema, warmth. swelling or tenderness. RESULTS: Overall incidence of the phlebitis associated with short-term catheter was 23.7%. Catheters were removed when routine catheter replacement (every 72 hours) was occurred in 24.9%, phlebitis 23.7%. discharge of patients 13.1%, change of heparin cap 9.7%, others 28.6%. There were no significant differences in the incidence of the phlebitis by sex, age, the type of dressing, the duration of catheter placement insertion site, the type of hospitalized ward' and the size of cannula. The incidence of phlebitis was the highest (36.1%) within 48-72 hours after insertion. There was significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis according to the types of infusate. 75 of 83 phlebitis cases (90.4%) were received chemical infusates. Especially glucose/aminoacid, TPN and intralipose were attributed to major risk factor of phlebitis associated with short-term catheter (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of phlebitis associated with short-term catheter was 23.7%. In this study, the type of infusate was the significant risk. factor related to phlebitis. Consequently, in order to prevent and detect the phlebitis associated with short-term catheter early, a consistent, organized assessment and evaluation of the above factors during the intravenous therapy is needed.
Adult ; Bandages ; Catheters* ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Erythema ; Heparin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Internal Medicine ; Korea* ; Patients' Rooms ; Phlebitis* ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seoul* ; Veins