PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify factors influencing physical activity among community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes. The study design was based on the Theory of Triadic Influence. METHODS: A total of 242 older adults with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. Six variables related to physical activity in older adults, including self-efficacy, social normative belief, attitudes, intention, experience, and level of physical activity, were measured using reliable instruments. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analyses, and a path analysis. RESULTS: The mean physical activity score was 104.2, range from zero to 381.21. The path analysis showed that self-efficacy had the greatest total effect on physical activity. Also, experience had direct and total effects on physical activity as well as mediated the paths of social normative beliefs to attitudes and intention to physical activity. These factors accounted for 10% of the total variance, and the fit indices of the model satisfied the criteria of fitness. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study reveal the important role of self-efficacy and past experience in physical activity in older adults with type 2 diabetes.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Attitude ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*physiopathology/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/*physiology ; Personal Satisfaction ; Residence Characteristics ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on stress response and power in psychiatric inpatients in a closed ward. METHODS: For this study a quasi-experiment design was used to examine the effects of the intervention. The MBSR program conducted in this study was a six-session program, in which participants were asked to meditate for 45 minutes twice a week for 3 weeks. Homogeneity between the experimental and control group was assessed using χ² test, t-test, and Fisher's exact test. The results of the assessment showed that the variances of the two groups were equal. Demographic variables of the study participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study hypotheses were verified using t-test. Cronbach's α was measured to assess the reliability of each test. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, patients in the experimental group showed significant improvement in scores for stress response (t=3.62, p=.001) and power (t=-3.42, p=.001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the mindfulness meditation program can be used as a psychosocial rehabilitation intervention for psychiatric inpatients by capitalizing on its positive effects on emotional reactivity and behavioral regulation.
Humans ; Inpatients* ; Meditation ; Mindfulness ; Psychiatric Nursing ; Psychiatric Rehabilitation

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to understand the meaning of experience on community health centers (post) practice of nursing students. METHODS: This is qualitative research using focus groups. Data were collected through in-depth interviews performed from November 10 to December 11, 2009. The focus group interviews were conducted to 22 nursing students on their subjective experiences. The data were analyzed by the Colaizzi's method, in which the meaningful statements were extracted. RESULTS: Seven theme-clusters were identified from fourteen themes and thirty-one sub-themes. The seven theme-clusters were 1) widening of experiences; 2) feeling of warm heart; 3) feeling of satisfaction; 4) feeling of being unfulfilled; 5) difficulties; 6) new awareness; and 7) good memories. CONCLUSION: Through a variety of relationships and self-regulation in community health centers (post) practice, the nursing students may have the feeling of worthiness, new awareness of community nursing, and visions for the future to rebuild.
Community Health Centers* ; Focus Groups ; Heart ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Qualitative Research ; Students, Nursing ; Self-Control

PURPOSE: In this study effects of a flipped learning-based psychiatric nursing practicum were evaluated for appropriateness with undergraduate nursing students who are digital natives and tech-savvy millennial students. METHODS: For this retrospective comparative study data from 146 undergraduate students (flipped learning group n=70, traditional learning group n=76) were evaluated for academic performance and life core competencies. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the flipped and traditional learning groups in prior homogeneity tests. The academic performance of the flipped learning group was higher than the control group in all aspects, except for practical quiz scores. The flipped leaning group had significantly higher self-assessment scores for academic performance (t=2.77, p=.006) and therapeutic communication simulation scores (t=3.18, p=.002). In addition, they showed a significant increase in core life competencies after participating in the flipped-learning practicum (t=-8.56, p<.001). They showed significant increases in all subdomains except Identity-value [Socialization (t=-5.13, p<.001), Responsibility-practice (t=-3.52, p=.001), Problem-solving (t=-2.67, p=.010), Knowledge-construction (t=-2.48, p=.016), and Information-management (t=-5.54, p<.001)]. Nursing students in the flipped learning-based clinical practicum showed significant improvement in performance and life core competencies. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that as a student-centered pedagogy, flipped learning is an effective strategy for improving academic performance and core competencies.
Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Learning ; Population Groups ; Preceptorship ; Problem-Based Learning ; Psychiatric Nursing* ; Retrospective Studies ; Self-Assessment ; Students, Nursing ; Teaching

PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical results after the reconstruction of isolated medial orbital wall fractures. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with isolated medial orbital wall fractures who underwent reconstruction using the transcaruncular approach from March 2012 to October 2013. Computed tomography (CT) was performed before and after surgery. Postoperative follow-ups were conducted at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Diplopia, ocular motility, postoperative complication, and exophthalmometry were recorded at each follow-up visit. Preoperative and postoperative enophthalmos was quantified using Hertel exophthalmometry and a quantitative method for the area of the circular sector under the chord (CA)/orbital area (OA) ratio at the CT scan. Patients were divided into either the incomplete or complete reduction groups based on the degree of reduction observed on postoperative CT. RESULTS: We evaluated 55 patients (42 males, 13 females) with an average age of 36 years. Five of 55 patients with preoperative enophthalmos of more than 2 mm obtained good symmetry after surgery. Diplopia at primary gaze was resolved in 9 of 9 patients and 2 patients had residual diplopia on lateral gaze. The difference of exophthalmometry and CA-to OA ratio between before and after reconstruction was not significantly changed in either the incomplete or complete groups. CONCLUSIONS: Enophthalmos and diplopia were well corrected in all subjects. If reduction was successfully performed in the anterior portion of medial orbital wall fracture, clinically significant enophthalmos might be preventable even if complete reduction was not obtained.
Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

In recent years, digital technology has been developed in dentistry, which denture frameworks can be manufactured using DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) technique. A traditional impression method can be replaced by oral scanning and wax pattern production process can be achieved by the use of CAD/CAM techniques. The designed STL files can be sent to DMLS devices to fabricate final components of removable partial dentures (RPD). The advantages of digital dentistry are concision and precision. In this case study, a fracture of occlusal rests providing support and indirect retention was repaired by DMLS and laser welding techniques. It shows satisfactory results in adaptation accuracy and functional properties of the repaired denture.

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo, the pigmentary disorder of the skin and hair, affects patients of various ages from neonates to old adults. According to the onset age, vitiligo is classified as adult or childhood type. Previous clinical studies on childhood vitiligo are rare in Korea. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of childhood vitiligo. METHOD: A clinical investigation was made of 381 outpatients with childhood vitiligo (between 6months and 15years of onset) who had visited the Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University Hospital from January 1988 till December 1997. Results : The results a summarized as follows 1. The subjects consisted of 206(54.1%) females and 175(45.9%) males. 2. The mean age of onset was 7.7 years(males : 8.0, female 7.5). 3. The mean duration of the disease was 2.6 years(male : 2.5, female : 2.7). 4. Familial history was obtained in 30 cases(7.9%) and the most common precipitating factor was trauma(40.0%). 5. Both vulgaris(43.3%) and segmental type(30.4%) were common clinical types in the classification of Ortone et at. Trigeminal distribution(53.4%) was the most common segmental types in Koga's classification. 6. The most common site of initial involvement was the face and neck(52.2%) 7. The most common degree of depigmented lesion was within 5%(84.5%). 8. The progression of vitiligo was present in 68.2% of patients and the incidence of poliosis was 11.5%. 9. Koebner phenomenon was present in 12 cases(3.1%). 10. The most common associated diseases were acne and halo nevus (18.0%). Conclusion : Childhood vitiligo is relatively unique in the clinical findings such as the clinical type(high incidence of segmental type), precipitating factor(trauma is the main factor), depigmented area(small involvement in the extent of the lesion) and the progression of the disease.
Acne Vulgaris ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Busan ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Male ; Nevus, Halo ; Outpatients ; Precipitating Factors ; Skin ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Endoscopy ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Endoscopy ; Prospective Studies

Schwannoma or neurilemmoma is an uncommon neoplasm, and it is derived from the peripheral nerve sheath. These tumors most frequently occur in the head, neck and flexor surfaces of the upper and lower extremities, while the porta hepatis and retroperitoneum are rarely implicated. We report here on a case of benign schwannoma in the porta hepatis with compression of the common bile duct, and this was successfully treated by surgical excision. The patient was a 63-year-old woman who had a slow growing upper abdominal mass for 3 years. The abdominal CT scan showed a 12 cm-sized cystic mass with a solid portion, and this was accompanied with intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. Abdominal exploration revealed a yellowish, cystic, encapsulated mass attached to the inferior vena cava, portal vein, the common bile duct and the liver. There has been no evidence of recurrence during 36 months of follow-up.
Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Common Bile Duct ; Dilatation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Liver ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neurilemmoma ; Peripheral Nerves ; Portal Vein ; Recurrence ; Vena Cava, Inferior