The Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) is the first nationwide registry that reflects current therapeutic approaches and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) management in Korea. The results of the KAMIR demonstrated different risk factors and responses to medical and interventional treatments. The results indicated that the incidence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was relatively high, and that the prevalence of dyslipidemia was relatively low with higher triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates were high for both STEMI and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with higher use of drug-eluting stents (DESs). DES were effective and safe without increased risk of stent thrombosis in Korean AMI patients. Triple antiplatelet therapy, consisting of aspirin, clopidogrel, and cilostazol, was effective in preventing adverse clinical outcomes after PCI. Statin therapy was effective in Korean AMI patients, including those with very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and those with cardiogenic shock. The KAMIR score had a greater predictive value than Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores for long-term mortality in AMI patients. Based on these results, the KAMIR will be instrumental for establishing new therapeutic strategies and effective methods for secondary prevention of AMI and guidelines for Asian patients.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Aspirin ; Cholesterol ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Lipoproteins ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prevalence ; Registries* ; Risk Factors ; Secondary Prevention ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; Triglycerides

PURPOSE: Apoptosis is a form of cell death characterized by specific morphological changes in the dying cell including contraction of cytoplasm, chromatin condensation, and cellular fragmentation into membrane-bound bodies. A common biological marker of apoptosis is the degradation of nuclear DNA resulting in a ladder of nucleosome-sized DNA fragments when resolved by electrophoresis. The potential therapeutic implications of simultaneous activation of apoptosis in androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic cells are clearly very important in the development of cancer treatment modalities for advanced prostate cancer. The efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents correlates with their ability to induce apoptosis, Therefore, quantification of experimentally induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines is likely to be a predictor of the outcome of treatment. The main objective of this study was to examine the induction of apoptosis as a new strategy for cancer therapy by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) or 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in human prostate (androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent DU-145), and breast cancer cells (MCF-7). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy for morphological analysis were used to further characterize drug response in human prostate and breast cancer cells. RESULTS: Treatment of the LNCaP and DU-145 cells with CDDP or TPA resulted in dose-dependent growth inhibition and accumulation of cells in Ao (apoptotic region), and caused significant degradation of the genomic DNA into intemucleosomal-sized DNA fragments, indicating apoptosis. In contrast, MCF-7 cells showed little or no DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: These studies suggest that a differential susceptibility to apoptosis and chemosensitivity may be related to the efficacy of chemotherapeutic .agents. CDDP and TPA may have clinical implication in the treatment of prostate cancer. In particular, cytotoxic effects of TPA may well lead to new possibilities for improved strategy.
Apoptosis* ; Biomarkers ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Chromatin ; Cisplatin ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Electrophoresis ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; MCF-7 Cells ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Choledochal Cyst*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III) on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory function in the elderly (age, > or = 60) who experienced acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: The design of research was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Subjects were 10 people in the experimental group and 10 in the control group. The intervention program was the cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III), and was performed for 50 ~ 60 minutes, twice a week for 8 weeks. The dependent variables were the cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory function. RESULTS: Significant differences were shown in RHR, RSBP, SRPP, SBS, BMI, PT of the experimental group after the intervention. As for the differences in the amount of changes, there were differences among groups in RHR, RSBP, SRPP, SBS, PMET, and PT of the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III) may be effective in improving cardiovascular function and enhancing cardiorespiratory function in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Aged ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction

In Korea, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction has been increasing rapidly. Twelve-month clinical outcomes for 13,133 patients with acute myocardial infarction enrolled in the nationwide prospective Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry study were analyzed according to the presence or absence of ST-segment elevation. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were younger, more likely to be men and smokers, and had poorer left ventricular function with a higher incidence of cardiac death compared to patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). NSTEMI patients had a higher prevalence of 3-vessel and left main coronary artery disease with complex lesions, and were more likely to have co-morbidities. The in-hospital and 1-month survival rates were higher in NSTEMI patients than in STEMI patients. However, 12-month survival rates was not different between the two groups. In conclusion, NSTEMI patients have worse clinical outcomes than STEMI patients, and therefore should be treated more intensively during clinical follow-up.
Coronary Artery Disease ; Death ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Ventricular Function, Left

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify factors influencing health promotion behavior of the low-income elderly women in urban area. METHODS: The subjects of this study consisted of 389 the low-income Korean elderly women over 65 years. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS/Win 12.0. RESULTS: 1) Activity limitation was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation. But self-rated health, self-esteem, and social support were found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with health promotion behavior 2) The factors influencing health promotion behavior were self-esteem, social support, activity limitation, self-rated health, pocket money, and religion. They accounted for 36.8% of the variance for health promotion behavior in the low-income elderly women living in urban area. The most powerful predictor was self-esteem(28.1%). CONCLUSION: This study showed that making a thorough assessment of the predictors influencing health promotion behavior in the low-income elderly women who remain vulnerable in diverse aspects is very important to minimize their health issues and to contribute their positive health promotion.
Aged* ; Analysis of Variance ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cats* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy*

The recent prevalence of syphilis has known to be increased progressively throughout the world, since middle of 1950. In Korea, current trend of increased syphilic infection has became a major public health problem. The authors selected sero-positive patients, among the outpaients of department of dermatology, urology, OB & GY, and physical examination, and performed statistical analysis of this sero-positive patients. Results are as following; 1) Of the 2,007 patients taken physical examination, 30 patient(1.49%) were reactive to VDRL. 2) 0.71% of the total out patients of the dermatologic dcpartment were sero-positive. Annual ratio of the syphilitic patient were increased progressively. 3) Ratio of the syphilitic patients to the total outpatients of OB & GY department was 0.55% and somewhat increased since 1976. 4) In the age distribution, the third decade shared 51.8% of the total sero-positive patients 5) In the sexual ratio. male:female=l: l. 62 in the total sero-positive patients. (male:female=l: 1.06 in the dermatologic department.) 6) In the stage distribution, latent syphilis patients were 59.14% of the total syphilitic patients.
Age Distribution ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Latent ; Urology

In this paper, the current status of adolescent suicide prevention and intervention are addressed, including areas related to medicine, counseling, mental health nursing, social welfare, and education. Many preventive efforts and intervention programs have been developed and implemented, but the results have been mostly minimal or unfruitful and many problems arose. First, there is a lack of epidemiological research and developmentally appropriate data on adolescent suicide. Thus evidence-based research on adolescent suicide necessary to make important decisions regarding prevention strategies and the allocation of budgets and human resources is not available. Second, there are only a handful of experts with an appropriate level of education and training. Current suicide prevention efforts are performed as a part of crisis intervention, but only a few persons know how to do so effectively. Finally, a good networking and referral system among each area of service is needed. One of the most important issues might be balancing the levels of service available to each subject and to provide a proper, systematized intervention and continuous crisis management services. In order to create an effective networking and referral system among several service providers for adolescent suicide prevention, we need robust support from the Korean government and local communities.
Adolescent ; Budgets ; Counseling ; Crisis Intervention ; Hand ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Referral and Consultation ; Social Welfare ; Suicide