No abstract available.
Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Choledochal Cyst*

PURPOSE: Apoptosis is a form of cell death characterized by specific morphological changes in the dying cell including contraction of cytoplasm, chromatin condensation, and cellular fragmentation into membrane-bound bodies. A common biological marker of apoptosis is the degradation of nuclear DNA resulting in a ladder of nucleosome-sized DNA fragments when resolved by electrophoresis. The potential therapeutic implications of simultaneous activation of apoptosis in androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostatic cells are clearly very important in the development of cancer treatment modalities for advanced prostate cancer. The efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents correlates with their ability to induce apoptosis, Therefore, quantification of experimentally induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines is likely to be a predictor of the outcome of treatment. The main objective of this study was to examine the induction of apoptosis as a new strategy for cancer therapy by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) or 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in human prostate (androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent DU-145), and breast cancer cells (MCF-7). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy for morphological analysis were used to further characterize drug response in human prostate and breast cancer cells. RESULTS: Treatment of the LNCaP and DU-145 cells with CDDP or TPA resulted in dose-dependent growth inhibition and accumulation of cells in Ao (apoptotic region), and caused significant degradation of the genomic DNA into intemucleosomal-sized DNA fragments, indicating apoptosis. In contrast, MCF-7 cells showed little or no DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: These studies suggest that a differential susceptibility to apoptosis and chemosensitivity may be related to the efficacy of chemotherapeutic .agents. CDDP and TPA may have clinical implication in the treatment of prostate cancer. In particular, cytotoxic effects of TPA may well lead to new possibilities for improved strategy.
Apoptosis* ; Biomarkers ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Chromatin ; Cisplatin ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Electrophoresis ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; MCF-7 Cells ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms

The Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) is the first nationwide registry that reflects current therapeutic approaches and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) management in Korea. The results of the KAMIR demonstrated different risk factors and responses to medical and interventional treatments. The results indicated that the incidence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was relatively high, and that the prevalence of dyslipidemia was relatively low with higher triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates were high for both STEMI and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with higher use of drug-eluting stents (DESs). DES were effective and safe without increased risk of stent thrombosis in Korean AMI patients. Triple antiplatelet therapy, consisting of aspirin, clopidogrel, and cilostazol, was effective in preventing adverse clinical outcomes after PCI. Statin therapy was effective in Korean AMI patients, including those with very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and those with cardiogenic shock. The KAMIR score had a greater predictive value than Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores for long-term mortality in AMI patients. Based on these results, the KAMIR will be instrumental for establishing new therapeutic strategies and effective methods for secondary prevention of AMI and guidelines for Asian patients.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Aspirin ; Cholesterol ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Lipoproteins ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prevalence ; Registries* ; Risk Factors ; Secondary Prevention ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III) on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory function in the elderly (age, > or = 60) who experienced acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: The design of research was nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Subjects were 10 people in the experimental group and 10 in the control group. The intervention program was the cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III), and was performed for 50 ~ 60 minutes, twice a week for 8 weeks. The dependent variables were the cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory function. RESULTS: Significant differences were shown in RHR, RSBP, SRPP, SBS, BMI, PT of the experimental group after the intervention. As for the differences in the amount of changes, there were differences among groups in RHR, RSBP, SRPP, SBS, PMET, and PT of the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase III) may be effective in improving cardiovascular function and enhancing cardiorespiratory function in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Aged ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction

A murime monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type-I (HIV-1) was chemically coupled to pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) from Phytolacca americana. The immunotoxin was purified by FPLC using 5200 colum. The purified immunotoxin efficiently bound to HIV-infected T cells as evidenced by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. The immunotoxin selectively killed human T lymphoid lines infected with HIV-lIIIB at less than 250 pM of the immunotoxin cells, while PAP or mAb alone did not have any significant effect on infected cells. The uninfected control T cell lines were not affected. Human cells infected with HIV-2 or other HIV-1 strains were not killed, suggesting that the killing depends completely on the antibody used for coupling. These in vitro results suggest that the PAP-mAb conjugate may be used to selectively remove cells expressing viral antigens from individuals infected with HIV.
Antigens, Viral ; Cell Line ; Glycoproteins ; HIV ; HIV-1 ; HIV-2 ; Homicide ; Humans* ; Immunotoxins ; Phytolacca americana* ; T-Lymphocytes*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify emotional labor, nursing work environment, self-efficacy and happiness index and address factors associated with happiness index to provide basic resources for national psychiatric hospital nurses' happiness at work. METHODS: Participants were 249 nurses working in 5 national psychiatric hospitals. They participated in the survey and data were collected from May 16 to July 30, 2016. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. RESULTS: Mean scores were nurses' emotional labor, 3.89, nursing work environment, 2.77, self-efficacy, 3.77, and happiness index, 3.52. There were significant differences on the happiness index for: department, type of work, career length, position and payment. Happiness index was influenced by self-efficacy, work environment and emotional labor. Explanatory power of these variables was 36.9%. CONCLUSION: These results show that self-efficacy and work environment are important factors related to the happiness of the national psychiatric hospital nurses. Additionally, developing an effective program to facilitate self-efficacy of nurses and research studies to identify effects of such a program are required.
Happiness* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric* ; Korea* ; Nursing*

BACKGROUND: Psychogenic movement disorders (PMD) are not easily distinguished from other organic diseases. We attempted to discover the important clinical clues for the correct diagnosis of PMD. METHODS: In our study, we include-ed patients who visited Youngdong Severance Hospital due to movement disorders from 1994 to 1998. Using medical records and video tape recordings, we performed a retrospective evaluation of the patients with PMD. We included documented and clinically established PMD according to degree of certainty of the diagnosis of PMD ( by Fahn, 1994). RESULTS: Twenty-five (1.6%) of 1520 consecutive patients with movement disorders were diagnosed with documented or clinically established PMD. They presented a variety of movement disorders including tremors (60%), dystonia (16%), myoclonus (12%), chorea (4%), parkinsonism (4%), and isolated gait problems (4%). The precipitating factors were reported by 23 of the 25 (92%) patients, and 16 (64%) patients were suspected to enjoy secondary gains. Ten of the 11 patients underwent a distractibility test, 15 of 17 patients underwent placebo trials, and 3 of 5 patients underwent an one-way mirror observation showing significant and dramatic amelioration of their symptoms. Long-term psychi-atric treatment was effective in 4 of 9 patients. CONCLUSIONS: In patients who are suspected to have PMD by the pres-ence of causative factors, acute onset, incongruity, inconsistency, and presence of secondary gain, efforts to provide objective evidence for the diagnosis of PMD must be made. Many of the patients with PMD refused psychiatric evalua-tion. Half of the patients improved through psychiatric treatment.
Chorea ; Diagnosis ; Dystonia ; Gait ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Movement Disorders* ; Myoclonus ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Precipitating Factors ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tremor ; Videotape Recording

The recent prevalence of syphilis has known to be increased progressively throughout the world, since middle of 1950. In Korea, current trend of increased syphilic infection has became a major public health problem. The authors selected sero-positive patients, among the outpaients of department of dermatology, urology, OB & GY, and physical examination, and performed statistical analysis of this sero-positive patients. Results are as following; 1) Of the 2,007 patients taken physical examination, 30 patient(1.49%) were reactive to VDRL. 2) 0.71% of the total out patients of the dermatologic dcpartment were sero-positive. Annual ratio of the syphilitic patient were increased progressively. 3) Ratio of the syphilitic patients to the total outpatients of OB & GY department was 0.55% and somewhat increased since 1976. 4) In the age distribution, the third decade shared 51.8% of the total sero-positive patients 5) In the sexual ratio. male:female=l: l. 62 in the total sero-positive patients. (male:female=l: 1.06 in the dermatologic department.) 6) In the stage distribution, latent syphilis patients were 59.14% of the total syphilitic patients.
Age Distribution ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Latent ; Urology

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cats* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy*