No abstract available.
Dislocations* ; Elbow*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Intussusception*

PURPOSE: Lymphoproliferative lesions of the ocular adnexa were analyzed to examine the final outcome, recurrence and extraorbital spread. METHODS: The biopsies and clinical follow up data for 55 patients (68 eyes) with ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed according to the WHO classification. RESULTS: The ocular-adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions were located as follows: orbit in 49 eyes, conjunctiva in 18 eyes, eyelid in 1 eye. The three main subtypes of lymphoma according to the WHO classification were extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-lymphoma) (62 eyes), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2 eyes), and benign lymphoid hyperplasia (4 eyes). Remission was achieved at 60eyes. Recurrence was occurred in 7eyes (orbit: 4, conjunctiva: 3) of MALT-lymphoma cases. Location of lymphoma at presentation was not a predictor for recurrence (conjunctiva 16.7%, orbit 8.2%; p>0.05), but bilaterality at presentation was predictive values for recurrence by a statistically significant difference(bilateral 23.1%, unilateral 4.8%; p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: Most common ocular adnexal lymphoma in Korea was MALT- lymphoma (91.2%). Bilaterality has a predictive values on recurrence, and extraorbital spread was found only in orbital MALT-lymphoma. It is suggested that orbital MALT- lymphoma should be treated with excisional biopsy and subsequent low dose radiotherapy and followed up indefinity.
Biopsy ; Classification ; Conjunctiva ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Korea ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Orbit ; Prognosis* ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

The membrane permeability to potassium at a resting state is greater than to any other ions and the maintenance of resting membrane potential is largely dependent on K+ concentration of outside medium (Hodgkin and Horowicz 1959), i.e. an increase of K+ concentration of medium induces a depolarization, vice versa. However, on the contrary to this prediction, in some mammalian heart muscle a reduction of external K+ concentration induces a depolarization of membrane potential rather than a hyperpolarization (Vassalle 1965). In this study it was aimed to elucidate the possible mechanism of spontaneous depolarization induced by low external K+ in canine Purkinje fibers. The membrane potential was constantly recorded while components of cations in the bathing medium were replaced one by one by equimolar sucrose until the low K+ induced depolarization was blocked. The results are summarized as follows; The membrane potential of canine Purkinje fibers was spontaneously depolarized by low external K+, and the magnitude of depolarization was not affected by verapamil TEA, and a partial replacement of external Na+ and Ca2+ with choline chloride. But the membrane potential was hyperpolarized only when the all external cations were substitued with sucrose; and this hyperpolarization was disappeared again by substitution of sucrose with choline chloride. From these results, it may be concluded that the depolarization induced by low external K+ in canine Purkinje fibers is due to the nonspecific increase of membrane permeability to external cations and/or combinations with decreased K+ conductance.
Animal ; Dogs ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart/physiology* ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects* ; Papillary Muscles/physiology ; Potassium/pharmacology* ; Purkinje Fibers/physiology ; Rest

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: With respect to the risk of developing diabetic vascular complications, the central purpose of most screening and detection program, is to identify people with diabetes at early stage so they might have advantages of early treatment to prevent complication of the disease. Oral glucose tolerence test(OGTT) is widely used for diagnosis of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerence, bit the performance of a complete OGTT is not only time consuming and expensive but physically demanding on the individual being tested. Determination of HbA1 and more recently of glycosylated total serum proteins(fructosamine) has been proposed as an alternative method of screening and diagnosis. The aim of our cross-sectional study is to compare the values of fructosamine and HbA1, for the ourpose of diabetes diagnosis with the OGTT as reference method. METHODS: In the study, from January 1996 to August 1996, we included 55 consecutive subjects in Kyeungssang Hospital. Blood samples for HbA1 and fructosamone determination were drawn at the same time as a fasting plasma glucose sample, and then all subjects underwent a standard 2-hour OGTT according to the World Health Organization recom-mandations, The subjects were classified according to the American Diabetes Association classification. RESULTS: In our study, we observed fasting plasma glucose of 145.32+/-75.00mg/deciliter, two-hour plasma glucose of 245.83+/-155.22mg/deciliter, HbA1 of 7.06+/-2.77%, and fructosamine of 308.77+/-128.23 micromol/liter. The correlation coefficient between FPG and HbA1 was 0.9098(p<.05), between FPG and fructosamine 0.7953(p Blood Glucose ; Classification ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Fasting ; Fructosamine* ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated* ; Mass Screening ; ROC Curve ; World Health Organization

OBJECTIVE: Terson's syndrome, a complication of visual function, has occasionally been reported in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however the factors responsible for Terson's syndrome in aneurysmal SAH patients have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we report on potential risk factors for prediction and diagnosis of Terson's syndrome in the earlier stage of the disease course in patients with aneurysmal SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 322 consecutive patients who suffered from aneurysmal SAH in a single institution between Jan. 2007 and Dec. 2013. Medical records including demographics, neurologic examination, and radiologic images were collected to clarify the risk factors of Terson's syndrome. Patients with visual problem were consulted to the Department of Ophthalmology. RESULTS: Among 332 patients with aneurysmal SAH, 34 patients were diagnosed as Terson's syndrome. Four individual factors, including World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade at admission, aneurysm size, method of operation, and Glasgow outcome scale showed statistically significant association with occurrence of Terson's syndrome. Of these, WFNS grade at admission, aneurysm size, and method of operation showed strong association with Terson's syndrome in multivariate analysis. Terson's syndrome accompanied by papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure led to permanent visual complication. CONCLUSION: In patients with aneurysmal SAH, the patients' WFNS grade at admission, the size of the aneurysms, particularly the diameter of the aneurysm dome, and the method of operation might influence development of Terson's syndrome.
Aneurysm* ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neurologic Examination ; Ophthalmology ; Papilledema ; Retrospective Studies* ; Risk Factors* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVE: Terson's syndrome, a complication of visual function, has occasionally been reported in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however the factors responsible for Terson's syndrome in aneurysmal SAH patients have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we report on potential risk factors for prediction and diagnosis of Terson's syndrome in the earlier stage of the disease course in patients with aneurysmal SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 322 consecutive patients who suffered from aneurysmal SAH in a single institution between Jan. 2007 and Dec. 2013. Medical records including demographics, neurologic examination, and radiologic images were collected to clarify the risk factors of Terson's syndrome. Patients with visual problem were consulted to the Department of Ophthalmology. RESULTS: Among 332 patients with aneurysmal SAH, 34 patients were diagnosed as Terson's syndrome. Four individual factors, including World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade at admission, aneurysm size, method of operation, and Glasgow outcome scale showed statistically significant association with occurrence of Terson's syndrome. Of these, WFNS grade at admission, aneurysm size, and method of operation showed strong association with Terson's syndrome in multivariate analysis. Terson's syndrome accompanied by papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure led to permanent visual complication. CONCLUSION: In patients with aneurysmal SAH, the patients' WFNS grade at admission, the size of the aneurysms, particularly the diameter of the aneurysm dome, and the method of operation might influence development of Terson's syndrome.
Aneurysm* ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neurologic Examination ; Ophthalmology ; Papilledema ; Retrospective Studies* ; Risk Factors* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

This study investigated the hypothesis that a sorghum extract exerts anti-diabetic effects through a mechanism that improves insulin sensitivity via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) from adipose tissue. Seven C57BL/6 mice were fed an AIN-93M diet with fat consisting of 10% of total energy intake (LF) for 14 weeks, and 21 mice were fed a high-fat AIN diet with 60% of calories derived from fat (HF). From week 8, the HF diet-fed mice were orally administered either saline (HF group), 0.5% (0.5% SE group), or 1% sorghum extract (1% SE group) for 6 weeks (n = 7/group). Perirenal fat content was significantly lower in the 0.5% SE and 1% SE groups than that in the HF mice. Levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and the area under the curve for glucose were significantly lower in mice administered 0.5% SE and 1% SE than those in HF mice. Serum insulin level was significantly lower in mice administered 1% SE than that in HF mice or those given 0.5% SE. PPAR-gamma expression was significantly higher, whereas the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha was significantly lower in mice given 1% SE compared to those in the HF mice. Adiponectin expression was also significantly higher in mice given 0.5% SE and 1% SE than that in the HF mice. These results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of SE may be related with the regulation of PPAR-gamma-mediated metabolism in this mouse model.
Adiponectin ; Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Energy Intake ; Glucose ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipoproteins ; Mice ; PPAR gamma ; Sorghum ; Triglycerides ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha