PURPOSE: The number of glyphosate and glufosinate intoxication cases are increasing in Korea. This study was undertaken is to compare the clinical manifestations of poisoning by these two herbicides and to document severities and clinical outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated cases of glyphosate or glufosinate intoxication among patients that visited our emergency department between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. Incidences of intoxications were analyzed over this five year period, and underlying diseases, transportation, mental state, shock occurrence, inotropics, gastric lavage, charcoal administration, intubation and ventilator therapy, and hemodialysis were investigated. In addition, we included transfer to the intensive care unit, incidences of pneumonia and of other complications, death, and hopeless discharge. RESULTS: There were 119 cases of glyphosate intoxication and 42 of glufosinate intoxication. Levels of consciousness were lower for glufosinate and vasopressor usage was higher due to a high shock rate (p=0.019). In addition, many patients were referred to the ICU for intubation and ventilation. The incidences of pneumonia and of other complications were significantly higher for glufosinate. CONCLUSION: Overall glufosinate intoxication was found to be more severe than glyphosate intoxication as determined by complication and ICU admission rates.
Charcoal ; Consciousness ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Gastric Lavage ; Herbicides ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Korea ; Pneumonia ; Poisoning* ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock ; Transportation ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: To examine the fate of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSC) after injection into different host conditions and provide an insight for their mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MDSCs differentiated in vitro towards the endothelial lineage and transfected with lentivirus tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected into two animal models mimicking vascular diseases: hindlimb ischemia and carotid injury models. Injected cells were tracked at the site of injection and in remote organs by harvesting the respective tissues at different time intervals and performing immunofluorescent histological analyses. Stem cell survival was quantified at the site of injection for up to 4 weeks. RESULTS: MDSCs were successfully tagged with fluorescent material GFP and showed successful implantation into the respective injection sites. These cells showed a higher affinity to implant in blood vessel walls as shown by double fluorescent co-stain with CD31. Quantification of stem cell survival showed a time-dependent decrease from day 3 to 4 weeks (survival rate normalized against day 3 was 72.0% at 1 week, 26.8% at 2 weeks and 2.4% at 4 weeks). Stem cells were also fo und in distant organs, especially the kidneys and liver, which survived up to 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: MDSCs were successfully tracked in different vascular disease models, and their fate was assessed in terms of cell survival and distribution. Better understanding of the donor cell properties, including their interaction with the host conditions and their mechanism of action, are needed to enhance cell survival and achieve improved outcomes.
Adult Stem Cells ; Animals ; Blood Vessels ; Cell Survival ; Hindlimb ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Kidney ; Lentivirus ; Liver ; Models, Animal ; Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells* ; Tissue Donors ; Vascular Diseases

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*

BACKGROUND: This study is to investigate on how much the dysmenorrhea and lower abdominal pain(LAP)/back pain are improved by the aromatherapy which is emerging as an alternative therapy. METHODS: In order to get the data by questionnaire, 245 subject was selected from women student class of a high school at rural area from June 2000 to August 2000. 125 subject was selected who are above the 5 grade of LAP/back pain. Among the 129 subject, aroma was given to 69 subject and placebo was given to 56 subject. The subject was investigated how the dysmenorrhea was improved by using the aroma and placebo. RESULTS: After the aromatherapy, severities of dysmenorrhea and LAP/back pain imporved in aroma group and placebo group. Therefore, there is not statistical difference between both groups. CONCLUSION: The herbal aroma is not effective more than placebo aroma to relieve dysmenorrhea.
Aromatherapy* ; Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Female* ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

It is rare to find spontaneous cervical bleedings for which a wide variety of etiologies have been reported. We experienced a case of spontaneous cervical bleeding that caused emergency operation. We present this case with a review of the literature. This case demonstrates a potentially lethal complication in patients with neurofibroma. Neurofibroma is an inherited disease, classified as 'classical (type I, von Recklinghausen, multiple or peripheral neurofibromatosis)', 'central (type II, bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis)' and other types. The pathognomic features of classical neurofibromatosis are cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromas. Other clinical features are variably expressed and occurnece of severe hemorrhage is an unusual complication. Conservative management do not stop the hemorrhage. Surgical exploration must be undertaken for cure.
Acoustics ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Emergencies ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Neck* ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime*

PURPOSE: To seek adequate sequence of MR angiography (MRA) on developmental venous anomaly in the brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected ten cases who demonstrated developmental venous anomaly on MR image. Eight patients among them, both 3D time-of-flight (TOF) with or without Gadolinium-DTPA enhancement and phase contrast(PC) were performed: TOF without enhancement in five, TO F with enhancement in six, and PC with 10 cm/sec in five, PC with 30 cm/sec in three, and PC with 5 cm/sec velocity encoding (VNEC) in two cases. RESULTS: On enhanced 3D TOF, both dilated collecting veins and medullary veins were well depicted in five of six cases, however, the signal intensity of the collecting and medullary veins are less than arteries. Dilated hyperintense collecting veins were well demonstrated on 3D PC with below the 10cm/sec VNEC in all seven cases, but the medullary veins were poorly defined. Unenhanced 3D TOF IVIRA could not reveal any dilated collecting and medullary veins in all five cases. CONCLUSION: Enhanced 3D TO F could demonstrate the collecting and medullary veins of developmental venous anomaly, however, 3D PC with below the 10 cm/sec VN EC could showthe dilated collecting and larger draining veins. We considered that combined enhanced 3D TOF MRA and PC with VENC 10cm/sec can substitute for conventional anglogram in the diagnosis of developmental venous anomaly.
Angiography* ; Arteries ; Brain ; Central Nervous System Venous Angioma* ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Veins

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The development of fever in neutropenic cancer patients is frequently a sign of infection. Infection remains the major cause of death in the patient with cancer, primarily as a consequence of the profound alterations of normal host defences which result from the malignancy, its treatment or both. Fever in the patient with neutropenia is generally recognized as an indication of the need for prompt initiation of antibiotic therapy, but in spite of intensive efforts to identify infections in these patients and to institute appropriate antibiotic therapy, high mortality rate have continued to occur. This study was performed to identify the current etiologic agents, differences in frequency and/or type of infection in patients with hematologic malignacy as compared to those with solid tumor and to assess the period of neutropenia and treatment. METHODS: Between May 1994, and Feburuary 1994, we retrospectively evaluated 84 febrile episodes occurring in 46 patients with neoplastic diseases which were identified at Korea university hospital. Neutropenic fever has been defined as three episode of elevation of temperature above 38degrees C or a single elevation above 38.5degrees C in neutropenic patient (granulocyte<500/mm3) RESULTS: 1) Eighty-four episodes of fever and neutropenia were identified in 47 patients whose mean age was 6.6 years. 2) Thirty-three patients had leukemia or lymphma, representing 70.2% of the episodes of fever and neutropenia. 3) Microbiologically documented infection, clinically documented infection and unexplained fever accounted for 13%, 23%, 64% of the febrile episodes respectively. 4) Gastroenteritis and pharyngitis were the most common type of infection. 5) The common organism were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphyrococci aureus were common in decreasing order. 6) The mean duration of febrile neutropenia was 11.9 days in hematologic malignacy and 6.5 days in solid tumor. 7) The mean duration of receiving G-CSF was 13.1 days in hematologic malignancy and 5.8 days in solid tumor. 8) There was no significant difference in duration of neutropenia, times of receiving treatment and ANC level at fever in patients with MDI compared to CDI or UF. CONCLUSIONS: Gram negative bacilli are dominant pathogens of neutropenic fever in Korea university hospital.
Cause of Death ; Drug Therapy* ; Escherichia coli ; Febrile Neutropenia* ; Fever ; Gastroenteritis ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Mortality ; Neutropenia ; Pharyngitis ; Retrospective Studies

Stenting is a highly effective procedure for patients with peripheral vascular diseases, but procedure-related complications can occur. The use of balloon-expandable stents has resulted in a spectrum of deployment-associated complications and new technical challenges for surgeons. This case describes a probably uncommon scenario, in which an undeployed balloon-expandable stent abruptly dislodged from the balloon catheter and stacked in an iliac bifurcation. The unexpanded stent was captured using a low-profile balloon and was then anchored at an alternate location. This situation was managed successfully without the need for an open retrieval procedure.
Catheters ; Humans ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Stents