No abstract available.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Osteotomy*

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma(CTCL) is a rare cutaneous malignant disease and is typically a disease of older adults. There is no optimal treatment for CTCL, which ranges from topical steroid to systemic chemotherapy. Hence until curative therapy is found, therapies that keep CTCL in check and prevent progression to more advanced lymphoma may be desirable alternatives and may presetve quality of life. Herein we report our experience in treating a stage 11B CTCL patient with triple combination of interferon alfa, oral retinoid, and psoralen plus WA(PWA) therapy.
Adult ; Drug Therapy ; Ficusin ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha* ; Interferons* ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous* ; Photochemotherapy* ; Quality of Life ; T-Lymphocytes

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among stress, depression, and satisfaction to clinical practice in nursing students. METHODS: Three hundred forty-five nursing college students were selected by convenient sampling and data were collected from October to November, 2011. RESULTS: The nursing students experienced moderate stress level. The most severe stressors were adjustment to school and clinical practice. Also, they experienced more than moderate level of satisfaction on clinical practice. The most satisfiable factors were clinical practice circumstance and practice hours. The sophomore had more severe stress and depression and had lower clinical practice satisfaction than the junior. Satisfying with major in nursing as well as clinical practice had a significantly negative correlation with stress and depression. CONCLUSION: Based on this results, we need to develop programs for increasing satisfaction to clinical practice and major in nursing. The program will enhance adaptation ability to clinical practice.
Depression ; Humans ; Students, Nursing

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mucous Membrane* ; Rats*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of cervical cerclage and the clinical characteristics in incompetent internal os of the cervix (IIOC). METHODS: A study was conducted on 170 patients with IIOC, 199 cases of IIOC were admitted and treated with McDonald operation or modified Shirodkar operation at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Il Sin Christian Hospital from January 1. 1994 to December 31. 1998, of this 14 cases were follow up lost, so 185 cases were analyzed. RESULTS: 1) The incidence of IIOC was 0.43%, 1 in 233 deliveries. 2) The mean age of IIOC patients was 30.54yrs old and the most frequent age group was in 30-34yrs old group (43.78%). 3) The average number of gravida and parity before operation were 4.71 and 1.62. & the success rate of operation was low at high gravida & parity. 4) The predisposing factor was previous history of dilation & curettage (43.75%), Cx. laceration after delivery (6.49%), midtrimester termination (4.32%) etc. 5) The operation methods were McDonald operation (91.35%) and modified Shirodkar operation (8.65%) & the success rate of McDonald operation and modified Shirodkar operation were 85.80% and 87.50%. 6) The successful fetal salvage rate was 85.95% and the highest success rate was 87.50% in 14-16 weeks of gestation group. 7) The more cervix dilate, the more failure occurred. 8) The causes of operation failure were premature rupture of membrane (50.00%), preterm labor (34.62%), FDIU, anomaly, APH etc. 9) The delivery methods after operation were vaginal delivery (65.54%), cesarean delivery (34.46%). CONCLUSION: The 14-16th weeks of gestation group & no cervical dilatation have higher success rate indicating that early diagnosis and appropriate timing of operation is associated with a greater operation success rate.
Causality ; Cerclage, Cervical ; Cervix Uteri* ; Curettage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Labor Stage, First ; Lacerations ; Membranes ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Obstetrics ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Rupture

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of embryo retention (ER) in the transfer catheter following embryo transfer (ET) in blastocyst transfer and investigate whether retransferring retained embryos has an impact on reproductive outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-ET. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,131 blastocyst transfers, which comprised 223 single blastocyst transfer (SBT) and 908 double blastocyst transfer (DBT) cycles. Each SBT and DBT group was classified depending on whether ET was performed without retained embryos in the catheter during the first attempt (without-ER group) or whether any retained embryos were found following ET (ER group) for the purpose of comparing reproductive outcomes in a homogenous population. RESULTS: The overall incidence of finding retained embryos was 2.8% (32/1,131). There were no retained embryos in SBT cycles. In DBT cycles, implantation rates (30.0% vs. 26.6%), positive β-hCG rates (57.2% vs. 56.2%), clinical pregnancy rates (45.3% vs. 46.9%), and live birth rates (38.9% vs. 43.8%) were not significantly different between the without-ER and ER groups. There were no significant differences in the mean birth weight (g) 2,928.4±631.8 vs. 2,948.7±497.8 and the mean gestational age at birth (269.3±17.2 days vs. 264.2±25.7 days). A total of nine cases of congenital birth defects were found in this study population. Eight were observed in the without-ER group and one in the ER group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that retransfer of retained embryos does not have any adverse impact on reproductive outcomes in blastocyst transfer cycles. Furthermore, our results support finding that SBT might be advantageous for decreasing the incidence of retained embryos in catheters.
Birth Weight ; Blastocyst* ; Catheters ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Incidence ; Live Birth ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies

Exercise is one of the most ubiquitous triggers of acute bouts of asthma. Late asthmatic responses(LARs) have been described following strenuous exercise, as in allergen-induced asthma. However, most studies have reported that airway responsiveness is not increased after exercise, even in subjects with LAR to exercise. This suggests that LAR after exercise may not be associated with inflammatory changes in the airways. We have frequently seen asthmatic children whose complaint is that symptoms are exacerbated at night after strenuous daytime exercise. Furthermore, airway responsiveness to allergen was reported to increase after LAR to exercise. Therefore, it is crucial to know whether exercise can induce airway inflammation, as in allergen-induced asthma. As an indirect measure to investigate it, we measured the activation status of eosinophil granulocyte in the peripheral blood during the early and late phase of exercise- or allergen-induced asthma. Eight subjects who showed early asthmatic response(EAR) and LAR(group 1), or EAR only (group 2) to allergen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) challenge were selected. Similarly eight subjects who showed EAR and LAR(group 3), or EAR only (group 4) to exercise were selected. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, the early phase, the late phase, and 24 hours after each stimuli. Eosinofphil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in the serum. Eosinophil granulocytes were separated and the production of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from purified eosinophfis was measured after stimulation with the calciumionophore. Serum levels of ECP were unchanged at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge. In the dual responder to allergen (group 1), serum ECP level was elevated at LAR and 24 hours after allergen challenge, as compared with the baseline level. On the other hand, in the dual responder to exercise (group 3), it remained unaltered up to 24 hours after exercise challenge. Eosinophils at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge in each group generated the similar amounts of LTC4 as baseline values. In group 1, the production of LTC4 was slightly increased though not significantly at LAR, and significantly increased 24 hours after allergen challenge. In group 3, it was increased significantly at LAR, but restored to the baseline values at 24 hours after exercise challenge. These results indicate that not only allergen but also exercise can activate eosinophils in accordance with LAR. The present findings suggest that LAR to exercise may also have the potential to induce airway eosinophilic inflammation although its duration may be shorter than that of LAR to allergen. Therefore exercise should be understood not only as a triggering factor of bronchoconstriction but also as one that incites or deteriorates airway inflammation.
Asthma* ; Bronchoconstriction ; Child ; Ear ; Eosinophils* ; Granulocytes ; Hand ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukotriene C4

BACKGROUND: The orthostatic hypotension in response to the assumption of an upright posture is regulated by activation of sympathetic nerves. Role of the vestibular system and neural pathway on orthostatic hypotension were investigated. METHODS: Changes of arterial blood pressure produced by head-up tilting, rotatory stimulation of the vestibular system, or electrical stimulation to the vestibular nerve, vestibular nuclei, and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats. Also, field potentials were recorded in the vestibular nuclei and RVLM and c-Fos expression was evaluated in the brain stem in order to investigate the vestibulosympathetic pathways. RESULTS: The three phasic blood pressure responses were elicited by head-up tilting: initial fall, early recovery, and late sustained pressure at near control levels, the magnitude of the pressure fall was parallel with the degree of head-up tilting in normal rats. Return position from head-up tilting recovered control level of blood pressure after a brief rapid elevation. However, bilateral labyrinthectomy resulted in exaggerated initial falling and devoid of early recovery phase during postural change. Sinusoidal rotation about off-vertical axis of the vestibular system elicited more elevation of blood pressure than rotation about earth vertical axis. Electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve, vestibular nucleus, and RVLM produced elevation of blood pressure, which was the most prominent by stimulation of RVLM. Field potentials composed of P, N1, N2 waves in the vestibular nuclei were recorded by stimulation of the vestibular nerve, while weak potentials in RVLM were recorded by stimulation of the vestibular nuclei. An electrical stimulation of the vestibular nuclei expressed c-Fos immunoreactive cells in RVLM. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the otolith organ of the vestibular system plays a major role in control of orthostatic hypotension, and the pathway of vestibulosympathetic reflex in control of blood pressure involves the vestibular nuclei, RVLM, intermed-iolateral nuclei of the thoracic spinal cord.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypotension, Orthostatic* ; Neural Pathways ; Otolithic Membrane ; Posture ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reflex* ; Spinal Cord ; Vestibular Nerve ; Vestibular Nuclei

Duodenal web is a very rare congenital anomaly which usually causes clinical features of intestinal obstruction from early infancy. It shows characteristic findings in the radiologic contrast study or endoscopy. But in the cases with large openings, preoperative diagnosis of web is difficult and often is overlooked until adolescence or adulthood because of delayed onset of symptoms. Duodenal web is usually single near the ampulla of Vater and may be multiple. Only a few cases of double duodenal webs have been reported in the literature. We experienced a case of double duodenal web in a 15 year-old girl who complained of peptic ulcer-associated symptoms including epigastric pain and bloody stool. She had suffered from longstanding abdominal symptoms, malnutrition and iron-deficiency anemia. We propose that duodenal web should be kept in mind for patients with a history of chronic gastrointestinal obstructive symptoms and atypical peptic ulcer.
Adolescent ; Ampulla of Vater ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Malnutrition ; Peptic Ulcer*