No abstract available.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea*

Pain management is a major issue in caring of cancer patients. Because pain management cancer patient of does not control effectively. it is important to educate reporting pain and using analgesics for having cancer patient's concerns and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of cancer pain management education on the pain and concerns of pain management in cancer patients. This study was a quasi-experimental as nonequivalent control pretest-post test design. The subjects of this study consisted of 50 (experimental group 25. control group 25) patients hospitalized in K university hospital in Busan. The data were collected from December 1. 2001 to April 12. 2002. The measurement tool for the concerns of pain management had used questionnaires interpretated by Kim(1999) developed by based Ward(1993) and pain nominal scale. The collected data were analyzed frequency. percentage. mean, SD. chi2test, t-test, ANCOVA. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The 1st hypothesis: The experimental group which had received the cancer pain management education were lower than the control group in the score of pain was not supported (p>0.05). 2. The 2nd hypothesis: The experimental group which had received the cancer pain management education were lower than the control group in concerns of pain management was supported (F=5.285, p 0.01). In conclusion. the cancer pain management education can know what was effective to decrease in the concerns of pain management in cancer patients. Therefore. Pain Management Education must be positively utilized in clinical situation.
Analgesics ; Anxiety ; Busan ; Education* ; Humans ; Pain Management* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Object of treatment of long bone fracture is the reduction of fracture and maintenance of good alignment. Recently operative treatment has been attempted increasingly, but conservative treatment is considered important also. The authors have employed the multiple splint method that is modified from triangular splint method for humerus shaft fracrure originally having designed and reported by ourselves. In our experience of multiple splint method for long bone fracture and ligament injuries, some merits were noticed such as easiness of application, simplicity of removal and reapplication. We report this method with review of literature.
Casts, Surgical ; Fractures, Bone ; Humerus ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Splints

The susceptibilities of 45 clinical isolates of bacteroidis fragilis to cefaclor, ciproflxacin and imipenem were determined by new method, E-test (AB Bidisk, Solna, Sweden) and were compared with those from conventional agar dilution method by using brain heart infusion, Mueller-Hinton and Wilk:..s Chalgren agar plates. And the susceptibility of 60 clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis group (B. fragilis 45 strains, B. distasonis 6 strains, B. ovatus 5 strains, B. thetaiotaomicron 4 strains) to 5 quinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin) were determined by in vitro agar dilution method. Compared with agar dilution MICs for B. fragilis 45 strains, 90.3% of E-test MICs were within +/- 1 dilution of the agar dilutions, and 98.4% were within 2 dilutions. And there were little effect of different medium bases to determine MICs except Mueller-Hinton agar. On Mueller-Hinton agar, B. fragilis showed have or no growth activity. In vitro susceptibility of B. fragilis group to quinolones, most of the test strains showed resistant patterns to quinolones except ofloxacin and there was little difference of susceptibility patterns between species of B. fragilis group.
Agar* ; Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Brain ; Cefaclor ; Enoxacin ; Heart ; Imipenem ; Norfloxacin ; Ofloxacin ; Quinolones

Pigmentary dermarcation lines are boundaries between more deeply pigmented skin and areas of lighter pigmentation. We report 4 cases of pigmentary demarcation lines of pregnancy associated with erythema which developed in the third trimester of pregnancy and were symmetrically located in the buttock and posteromedial portion of the lower extremities. After delivery, the erythema disappeared within 3-7 days, followed by slow resolution of the brownish pigmentation.
Buttocks ; Erythema* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Pigmentation ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Skin

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating mediation effect of health-promoting lifestyle in the relationships between clinical nurses’ job stress, appreciation and mental health problems. Methods: The participations were 230 clinical nurses working in general hospitals in Seoul City and Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected in November 2019 via an online survey that covered job stress, appreciation, health-promoting lifestyles and mental health problems. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, SPSS PROCESS Macro(Model 4, Model 7) and bootstrapping method. Results: Appreciation had a significant mediation effect in the relationship between job stress and mental health problems. Health-promoting lifestyle had a significant moderation effect in the relationship between job stress and appreciation. Further, health-promoting lifestyle significantly moderated mediation effect of job stress on mental health problems through appreciation. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to effectively manage health-promoting lifestyle in the context of clinical nurses’ mental health problems due to job stress. In order to improve clinical nurses’ mental health, it is necessary to provide them with increased appreciation and lead health-promoting lifestyle.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to evaluate the needs satisfaction of nurses and examine its validity and reliability. Methods: The initial items for the instrument were developed through a literature review and interviews, using the conceptual framework of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The initial items were evaluated for content validity by 14 experts. Four hundred and eighty-six clinical nurses participated in this study through offline and online surveys to test the reliability and validity of the instrument.The first evaluation (n = 256) was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and the second evaluation (n = 230) was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis and to assess the criterion-related validity and internal consistency of the instrument. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using data from 30 nurses. Results: The final instrument consisted of 30 items with two sub-factors for five needs that were identified through the confirmatory factor analysis. The criterion-related validity was established using the five need satisfaction measures (r = .56). Cronbach’s a for total items was .90, and test-retest reliability was .89. Conclusion The findings from this study indicate that this instrument has sufficient validity and reliability. This instrument can be used for the development of nursing interventions to improve the needs satisfaction of clinical nurses.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the pregnancy outcome and the advantages of laparoscopic tubal reanastomosis. METHOD: During 16 months, January 1996 to April 1997, thirty-two patient had underwent laparoscopic tubal reanastomosis in Pudang CHA General Hospital. The mean age of the patients was 36.1+/-4.3 years(mean+/-SD; range 26 to 47 years). RESULT: The intrauterine pregnancy rate of laparoscopic tubal reanastomosis was 72.4%(21/29). Data comparing laparoscopic procedure retrospectively to tubal reversal by laparotomy was also evaluated. The mean interval from operation to pregnancy was similar in the two groups (p=0.9). The operation time was sigoificantly longer for laparoscopy (215.3+/-35.5 minutes) than for laparotomy(159.7+/-52.3 minutes). Nevertheless, the intensity of postoperative pain was lower (p<0.05) in patient who underwent laparoscopy than in patient who underwent laparotomy. Also, the mean hospital stay (3.6+/-2.3 days for laparoscopy, 6.1+/-0.5 days for laparotomy) was shortened(p<0.05) after laparoscopy compared with laparotomy. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic tubal reanastomosis may offer the benefits of lower postoperative pain and shorten recovery time in comparison with laparotomy. Therefore, considering the high pregnancy rate in minimal follow up period of 6 month, laparoscopic tubal reanastomosis could be an alternative procedure to microsurgical laparotomy in patients requesting reversal of sterilization.
Female ; Fertility* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Sterilization ; Sterilization Reversal*