This sutdy was performed to find out a LD isoenzyme pattern in neoplastic tissue of gastric carcinoma and in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, which has been known as premalignant lesion. The specimens used in this study were 18 stomachs with caarcinoma and 8 stomachs with peptic ulcer as control, and wer obtained by subtotal or total gastrectomy at Pusan National University Hsopital from Oct. 1987 to Sept. 1988. Total LD activity and its isoenzymes in body and antral mucosae and neoplastic tissue of stomach were assayed, and analysed statistically from several points of view. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in total LD activity between univolved body and antral mucosae of stomach with carcinoma, and between mucosa of stomach with peptic ulcer and univolved mucosa of stomach with carcinoma. 2) Total LD activity in the neoplastic tissue of gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than those of univolved body and antral mucosae of stomach with carcinoam or that of stomach with peptic ulcer, but no significant difference was observed among histological types of gastric carcinoma. 3) The uninvolved body mucosa of stomach with carcinoma or peptic ulcer showed a pattern of LD1 predominance and increas of H to M ratio, while the antral mucosa of stomach with carcinoma or peptic ulcer showed a pattern of LD3 predominance and decrease of H to M ratio. 4) The LD4 and LD5 fractions in antral mucosa with moderate to severe intestinal metaplasia were slightly increased than those of antral mucosa with nil to mild intestinal metaplasia, but did not show statistically significant difference. 5) Marked increase of LD5 fraction was found in neoplastic tissue of gastric carcinoma, and thus ratio of H to M subunit in neoplastic tissue was significantly lower, as compared with body or antral univolved mucosa of stomach. In conclusion, the neoplastic tissue of gastric carcinoma and gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia show substantially predominant "M" subunit as well as increased total LD activity.

The purpose of this study was to identify dietitians' perception and purchasing pattern of fruits in elementary school lunch program. This study was conducted using mail survey from September 15 to October 30, 2006. Survey questionnaire was developed based on in-depth interview with three school food service dietitians. A total of 100 school food service dietitians in Seoul were participated. Based on the frequency analysis results, over half of respondents(69%) provides fruits every week, and 23% of respondents provides them twice a week. Strawberry, watermelon, apple, and mandarin were identified as the most frequently served fruits in Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter, respectively. Sixty two percent of respondents indicated they offered imported fruits, such as banana and pineapple, less than 10% of total fruits. Ninety three percent of respondents selected private contract when they purchase fruits, and forty four percent of dietitians decided fruits purchasing procedure by themselves. Respondents addressed "Apples and Pears were appropriate for a dessert." and "Apples and Pears supply nutrition such as calorie and vitamin." as the advantages of offering apples and pears in school lunch menu. They also indicated difficulty in preparation work and many leftovers as the disadvantages of offering apples and pears. When purchasing apples and pears, dietitians considered taste as the first criteria and price as the second. Respondents perceived that elementary school students preferred apples and pears in a neutral level. Respondents also had higher preference for an-sim apples which can be eaten without peeling for school lunch menu and higher intentions to provide in school lunch menu. The survey results also found that respondents' intention to offer apples in school lunch menu was higher than intentions to offer pears. The implications to increase the chance of fruits offering in school lunch menu were discussed.
Ananas ; Citrullus ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Food Services ; Fragaria ; Fruit* ; Humans ; Intention ; Lunch* ; Malus* ; Musa ; Nutritionists ; Postal Service ; Pyrus* ; Seoul

Malignant acanthosis nigricans is very rare disease. The disease is related with internal malignancy, especially gastrointestinal tract malignancy. Reported occurrence rate of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated internal malignancies are 64% of stomach adenocarcinoma, 27% of other organs of abdomen (liver, gall bladder, small intestine, rectum, uterus, ovary), 9% of non-abdominal organs(breast, lung). We report a case of malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with stomach adenocarcinoma from 20-year-old female and discuss review of literature on a acanthosis nigricans briefly.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify trends in leadership-related research by reviewing studies on hospital nurses in South Korea.METHODS: The research was conducted from April 2 to 14, 2018 and search databases were RISS, KISS, DBpia, KM base, NAL, and NDSL. Search terms were ‘leadership’ and ‘nursing’ in the Korean language, and total 141 papers were selected.RESULTS: Analysis of the research on leadership showed that 96.4% of research methods were quantitative research, and 60.3% were predictive researches. For study settings, 46.2% were general hospitals, 96.5% were staff nurses. In the study of leadership variables, 60.3% were independent variables and recent leadership was used as a mediating variable (4.3%) and a moderating variable (2.8%). Among the leadership types, self-leadership (31.2%) was the most common, and the main variable related to leadership was job satisfaction (25.8%).CONCLUSION: These results provide useful data for deriving new research ideas about nursing leadership. Furthermore, this study has significance for providing the evidence for developing new leadership programs and policies in nursing organizations.
Hospitals, General ; Job Satisfaction ; Korea ; Leadership ; Negotiating ; Nursing ; Nursing Research

No abstract available.
Homocystine ; Homocystinuria*

BACKGROUND: In Korea, the problem of physician workforce imbalances has been a debated issue for a long time. This study aimed to draw key lessons and policy implications to Korea by analyzing projection models of physician demand/supply among five countries. METHODS: We adopted theoretical framework and analyzed detail indicators used in projection models of demand/supply comparatively among countries. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar with key search terms and it was complimented with hand searching of grey literature in Korean or English. RESULTS: As a results, Korea has been used a supply-based traditional approach without taking various variables or environmental factors influencing on demand/supply into consideration. The projection models of USA and Netherlands which considered the diversity of variables and political issues is the most closest integrated approach. Based on the consensus of stakeholder, the evolved integrated forecasting approach which best suits our nation is needed to minimize a wasteful debate related to physician demand/supply. Also it is necessary to establish the national level statistics indices and database about physician workforce. In addition, physician workforce planning will be discussed periodically. CONCLUSION: We expect that this study will pave the way to seek reasonable and developmental strategies of physician workforce planning.
Consensus ; Forecasting ; Hand ; Korea ; Netherlands

PURPOSE: For the early diagnosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) presenting with acute abdominal pain preceding skin rash. METHODS: The clinical, endoscopic and radiological records of 23 cases of HSP, presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms preceding skin rash were reviewed. RESULTS: The intervals from the onset of abdominal pain to the development of the skin rash were one day to 30 days(median five days), most of them were within two weeks. The presenting abdominal symptoms were abdominal pain(23 cases), vomiting(16 cases), hematochezia or melena(eight cases) and hematemesis(three cases). The abnormal endoscopic findings include coalescing erythematous lesions, areas of submucosal hemorrhage and superficial erosions and ulcers. The upper gastro intestinal endoscopy showed the abnormalities in 21 of 23 cases, which were observed in the duodenum(21 cases), the stomach(12 cases) and the esophagus(one case). Duodenitis with hemorrhage and/or erosions in the descending duodenum was the sole endoscopic abnormality in two cases and was the most marked finding in three cases. Sigmoidoscopy showed the abnormalities in six of eight cases. The abdominal ultrasonogram showed abnormalities in 12 of 17 cases, which included small bowel wall thickening(eight cases) and intramural hemorrhage(three cases). Recurrences after three months of symptom free intervals developed in four cases; three of them had persistent nephritis beyond one year. CONCLUSION: The erosive hemorrhagic duodenitis in the descending duodenum in the upper endoscopy and the small bowel wall thickening in the abdominal ultrasonogram can be useful findings in the diagnosis of HSP presenting with acute abdomen.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain* ; Diagnosis ; Duodenitis ; Duodenum ; Early Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Exanthema* ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhage ; Nephritis ; Purpura* ; Recurrence ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Skin* ; Ulcer ; Ultrasonography

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference of school food service dietitians' work value, job satisfaction, and turnover intention based on their expectation to be a nutrition teacher. Also, this study explored the differences in expectation to be a nutrition teacher, work value, job satisfaction, turnover intention depending on demographics and school foodservice operational characteristics. This study surveyed dietitians who worked at school foodservice in Kyunggii and Daegu, Gyeoungbuk Province. A total of 509 responses were collected using on-site survey and online survey (59.3%). Dietitians expressed favorable work value (3.88+/-0.34) and mid level of a job satisfaction (2.99+/-0.64). The percentage of dietitians who had an intention to leave after the promulgation of a nutrition teacher system (13.2%) was lower than that of dietitians who had an intention to leave prior to it (23.2%). Most dietitians expected a salary rise (84.7%), more chance to teach nutrition education (76.0%), and the improvement of power not only as a teacher but as a dietitian (72.7%). Dietitians who had higher expectation levels to be a nutrition teacher (>3 on the 5 point Likert scale) showed a higher tendency of significant turnover intention (F=4.40, p<0.01) and more confident work value (F=15.292, p<0.001) when comparing those who had lower expectations. There were significant differences in work value, job satisfaction, turnover intention, and expectation to be a nutrition teacher depending on career length and employment status of dietitians. This study revealed that school food service dietitians have favorable expectations to be nutrition teachers with high work value.
Daegu ; Demography ; Education ; Employment ; Food Services ; Humans ; Intention* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Nutritionists ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe motivational factors and barriers which nurses experience while preparing for the NCLEX-RN Exam. METHOD: Data was collected from July 5 to August 28, 2002 using self-administered open questionnaires. A total 144 nurses preparing for the NCLEX-RN Exam participated in this study. Descriptive statistics were used and respondents' statements were analyzed using content analysis. RESULT: The motivation for taking the NCLEX-RN Exam was for a new adventure (23.7%), better working conditions and benefits (20.4%), children's education (14.5%), to study aboard (13.8%), economic issues (11.8%), and career issues (11.2%). The barriers while preparing for the NCLEX-RN Exam were studying in English (35.3%), fatigue (21.8%), limited time (16.0%), lack of information (8.3%), complicated documentation (5.1%), and cultural differences (4.5%). CONCLUSION: The result suggests that it is imperative to improve working conditions and benefits for nurses in Korea to prevent the brain drain of highly experienced nurses to other countries. It is also essential to develop strategies to minimize the barriers to support nurses preparing for the NCLEX-RN Exam and promote jobs overseas.
Brain ; Education ; Fatigue ; Korea ; Licensure ; Motivation* ; Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Humans