This study was carried out in order to examine the urinary excretion of electrolytes (Na, K) and their relationship with blood pressure, and to estimate the amount of daily salt intake in a rural community. From January to March in 1987, a mobile screening team visited 40 villages, and carried out health screening of 537 adult volunteers whose age were over 30 years and collected 12-hours overnight urine. To determine the completeness of collection, the urinary creatinine was measured. If the creatinine excretion was beyond the range given to the age group, the sample was excluded from the analysis as an imcomplete collection; 345 samples were remained for analysis. This study revealed the following results. 1. The mean excretion amounts of urinary electrolytes for 12 hours were Na 193.5 mEq, K 20.8 mEq, creatinine 1.0 g. The mean ratio of electrolytes were Na/K 9.84, Na/creatinine 0.44, K/creatinine 0.046. 2. Both the mean excretion amount of K and the mean ratio of K/creatinine were less in hypertensives than in normotensives. K excretion also showed a tendency towards a decrease in inverse proportion to systolic blood pressure when it exceeded 120 mmHg. There was no significant difference between the hypertensives and normotensives in Na excretion. The sodium to potassium ratio increased in proportion to systolic blood pressure. 3. The meand daily salt excretion amount was 22.4 g. Assuming that 90% of the intake was excreted, the estimated amount of daily salt intake was 24.9 g.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Creatinine ; Electrolytes ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Mass Screening ; Potassium ; Rural Population ; Sodium ; Volunteers

Duplications of the stomach account for only 3.8% of gastrointestinal duplication, mainly discovered during first year of life. Etiopathogenesis is unknown. The most widely accepted theory is recannalization with fusion of longitudinal epithelial fold. The most frequent presented symptoms and signs include gastric outlet obstruction with vomiting, and palpable mass in the epigatric area. An upper gatrointestinal series usually reveals evidence of extrinsic mass effect of intramural lesion. An abdominal ultrasonographic finding is cystic mass lesion with double layer. Histologically, the wall of intramural cyst is composed of orderly layers of alimentary mucosa, submucosa, and muscle fibers. Recommended management is complete excision & simple closure of duplication without violation of the gastric lumen. In this case, 3-day old male newborn suffered from symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction, multiple gastric duplication cysts were found in pyloric canal and greater curvature. The cystic wall was composed with typical 3 layers of gastric mucosa, submucosa, and muscle fibers. The cystic wall was composed with typical 3 layers of gastric mucosa, submucosa, and muscle fibers. Surgical excision was successfully done.
Gastric Mucosa ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Stomach ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the dietary quality and nutritional status of elderly people using the Nutrition Quotient for Elderly (NQ-E). METHODS: The participants were 204 elderly people over 65 years of age (38 men and, 166 women) in Seoul. The dietary information was analyzed using a questionnaire of NQ-E, which consisted of 19 checklist items, and 24-recall test data. The NQ-E scores and its four factors, including ‘balance’, ‘moderation’, ‘diversity’, and ‘dietary behavior’ factors, were calculated according to general characteristics of the subjects. The subjects were divided into the ‘monitoring needed group’ (62 > NQ-E score) and the ‘good group’ (62 ≤ NQ-E score) according to their NQ-E score. RESULTS: The mean NQ-E score of the total subjects was 61.9, which was within the medium-high grade. The scores of balance, moderation, and dietary behavior factors were within the medium-high grade, while the score of the diversity factor was within the medium-low grade. The NQ-E score was 54.8 in the monitoring needed group and 69.3 in the good group. For the score of the diversity factor, the elderly living alone had a significantly lower score than the score for the elderly living with a spouse. The female subjects showed significantly higher scores of moderation and dietary behavior factors than did the male subjects. The daily intakes of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C and calcium in the monitoring needed group were significantly lower than those in the good group. The nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C and calcium in the monitoring needed group were significantly lower compared to the scores of the good group. The indexes of nutritional quality (INQ) of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium and potassium were less than 1 for all the subjects. The monitoring needed group had a significantly lower consumption of total foods, vegetables and mushrooms than the good group. As a result, the nutritional status of the monitoring needed group was significantly lower than that of the good group. CONCLUSION The results of this study show that NQ-E would be a useful tool for assessing the dietary quality of the elderly. In conclusion, a focused-nutrition education program and a useful guideline are needed for promoting the health and nutritional status in elderly people.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify recent trends of published research in Asian Oncology Nursing (AON). METHODS: A total of 140 studies were analyzed using a tool developed by the researchers, focusing on research design, research subject, research themes, and type of interventions and outcome variables of experimental studies. RESULTS: AON lacked studies which were supported by research funds (27.9%), or used an experimental study design (10.0%). In particular, there were only 2 studies (1.4%) conducted with randomized controlled trials (RCT). Research subjects were various, including patients with cancer, family care givers, healthy population, and oncology nurses. Based on a framework of cancer control continuum, most studies addressed issues of the treatment phase, whereas few studies addressed issues of diagnosis, survivorship, or the end-of-life (EOL) phase. Regarding research themes, psychosocial nursing including quality of life, anxiety, and depression was most frequently reported. In the experimental studies, an education program was most frequently applied and psycho-social-spiritual variables and symptoms were most frequently used to evaluate the effects of the intervention. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that further expansion of RCT and studies regarding diagnosis, survivorship, and EOL phases are needed. Also, our findings may contribute toward the development of a Korean oncology nursing research agenda.
Anxiety ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Caregivers ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Financial Management ; Humans ; Nursing ; Nursing Research ; Oncology Nursing* ; Quality of Life ; Research Design ; Research Subjects ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: This study is aimed at identifying the effects of telephone counseling as nursing support on distress, anxiety, depression, and adverse events in cancer patients undergoing their first chemotherapy. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial (pretest-posttest design). A total of 70 patients who showed 4 or higher distress scores were selected from the screening process. Four patients dropped out; therefore, 66 patients participated in this research. Thirty-two and 34 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control group, respectively. After a preliminary survey, telephone counseling support was given to the experimental group at three time points. The post survey was done before the second cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Regarding distress, both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the scores: 3.4 for the experimental group and 1.8 for the control group (p=.002). Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease relative to the control group. Anxiety and depression showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that nursing support through phone counseling is effective in decreasing distress in patients undergoing chemotherapy for the first time.
Anxiety* ; Counseling* ; Depression* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Nursing ; Telephone*

The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by methacrylate-based root canal sealer or 2 different self-adhesive resin cements. Seventy single-rooted extracted human teeth were sectioned at the CEJ perpendicular to the long axis of the roots with diamond disk. Canal preparation was performed with crown-down technique using Profile NiTi rotary instruments and GG drill. Each canal was prepared to ISO size 40, .04 taper and 1 mm short from the apex. The prepared roots were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups of 15 roots each and 5 roots each for positive and negative control group. The root canals were filled by lateral condensation as follows. Group 1: Guttapercha with AH-26, Group 2: Resilon with RealSeal primer & sealer, Group 3: Resilon with Rely-X Unicem, Group 4: Resilon with BisCem. After stored in 37degrees C, 100% humidity chamber for 7 days, the roots were coated with 2 layers of nail varnish except apical 3 mm. The roots were then immersed in 1% methylene blue dye for 7 days. Apical microleakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration after roots were separated longitudinally. One way ANOVA and Scheffe's post-hoc test were performed for statistical analysis. Group 1 showed the least apical leakage and there was no statistical significance between Group 2, 3, 4. According to the results, the self adhesive resin cement is possible to use as sealer instead of primer & sealant when root canal filled by Resilon.
Adhesives ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bismuth ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Diamond ; Epoxy Resins ; Gutta-Percha ; Humans ; Humidity ; Mandrillus ; Methylene Blue ; Nails ; Paint ; Resin Cements ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; Silver ; Titanium ; Tooth ; Tooth Cervix

No abstract available.

There are a number of situations where the oral mucosa can be sucked or pressed to produce relatively banal but clinical distinctive changes. The labial and buccal mucosa and tongue may develop protuberances in areas where a tooth is missing or extra space is present. The mucosa is pressed and sucked into these spaces, thus leading to the development of a fibrous hyperplasia. This case report describes the management of fibrous hyperplasia in oral mucosa. Fibrous hyperplasia can be formed by habitual pressure or suction in oral mucosa. Treatment of fibrous hyperplasia consists of simple excision and, if feasible, elimination of the cause. And habit control is a important factor for preventing recurrence.
Hyperplasia ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Recurrence ; Suction ; Tongue ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among Korean women. Only 14% of urban women and 10% of rural women in Korea, however, participated in breast cancer screening behavior in 1998 (Korean Ministry of Health & Welfare, 1999). PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of community-based breast self-examination (BSE) education programs in Korea. METHODS: First, breast cancer risk appraisals were done with 1,977 rural women. Of the 1,977 women, nearly 30% (n= 494) had a higher or equal to borderline risk of developing breast cancer. This quasi-experimental study was conducted to target these women with a high or equal to borderline risk of breast cancer. The risk appraisal feedback and breast self-examination education were used as an intervention for breast cancer prevention and early detection. RESULTS: After a 3-month follow-up, 30.5% of the women in the intervention group performed regular BSE compared to 10.2% of women in the control group. The mean knowledge score related to breast cancer and BSE was significantly higher for the women in the intervention group than that in the control group.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the level of satisfaction with the role of Korean oncology advanced practice nurses (KOAPNs) among cancer patients, physicians, and nurses. METHODS: This study was conducted with 176 patients who had experienced KOPANs' care more than three times, as well as 82 physicians and 190 nurses who have worked with KOAPNs at four hospitals in Korea. RESULTS: The results indicate that 1) Overall satisfaction in the patient group was high (3.61) and they were most satisfied with the 'attentiveness' domain; 2) Overall satisfaction in the physician group was also high (3.61), however, that in the nurse group was relatively low (3.28); 'coordination & cooperation' showed the highest score for satisfaction in both groups, while 'research' domain showed the lowest score; 3) Cancer type in patients, working department in physicians or nurses, and duration working with KOAPNs in nurses showed significant association with satisfaction; and 4) The ratio of KOAPNs-to-patient, time since introduction of the KOAPNs policy, and incentive system were institutional factors showing significant association with it. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the necessity for identification and standardization of the roles of KOAPNs, as well as promotion of awareness of KOAPNs' care.
Advanced Practice Nursing ; Humans ; Korea ; Motivation ; Oncology Nursing