No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Free Tissue Flaps* ; Lower Extremity* ; Soft Tissue Injuries*

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided minimally invasive treatment in patients with parathyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: This study included 27 patients who had undergone US-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or ethanol ablation (EA) for parathyroid lesions between January 2010 and 2018. RFA was performed in 19 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT, n = 11) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT, n = 8), and EA was performed in eight patients with symptomatic nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts (SNPCs). Nodule size, volume, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium levels were recorded before and after treatment. Complications were evaluated during and after treatment. Results: In patients with PHPT, significant reductions in size and volume were noted after RFA at 6- and 12-month follow-up (all, p < 0.05). Seven nodules nearly completely disappeared (residual volume < 0.1 mL); serum PTH and calcium levels were reduced to normal ranges (7/11, 63.6%). Four patients experienced partial reductions of serum PTH and calcium levels (4/11, 36.4%). In patients with SHPT, three experienced therapeutic response of serum PTH (3/8, 37.5%), while five showed persistent hyperparathyroidism (5/8, 62.5%) within 6 months after RFA. In patients with SNPCs, EA resulted in significant reductions in cyst size and volume (all, p < 0.05) at the last follow-up. A total of four complications (two transient hypocalcemia [RFA], one permanent [RFA], and one transient [EA] hoarseness) were observed. Conclusion Minimally invasive treatments, such as RFA and EA, may serve as therapeutic alternatives for patients with PHPT or SNPCs; they may have limited usefulness in patients with SHPT.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided minimally invasive treatment in patients with parathyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: This study included 27 patients who had undergone US-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or ethanol ablation (EA) for parathyroid lesions between January 2010 and 2018. RFA was performed in 19 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT, n = 11) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT, n = 8), and EA was performed in eight patients with symptomatic nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts (SNPCs). Nodule size, volume, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium levels were recorded before and after treatment. Complications were evaluated during and after treatment. Results: In patients with PHPT, significant reductions in size and volume were noted after RFA at 6- and 12-month follow-up (all, p < 0.05). Seven nodules nearly completely disappeared (residual volume < 0.1 mL); serum PTH and calcium levels were reduced to normal ranges (7/11, 63.6%). Four patients experienced partial reductions of serum PTH and calcium levels (4/11, 36.4%). In patients with SHPT, three experienced therapeutic response of serum PTH (3/8, 37.5%), while five showed persistent hyperparathyroidism (5/8, 62.5%) within 6 months after RFA. In patients with SNPCs, EA resulted in significant reductions in cyst size and volume (all, p < 0.05) at the last follow-up. A total of four complications (two transient hypocalcemia [RFA], one permanent [RFA], and one transient [EA] hoarseness) were observed. Conclusion Minimally invasive treatments, such as RFA and EA, may serve as therapeutic alternatives for patients with PHPT or SNPCs; they may have limited usefulness in patients with SHPT.

No abstract available.
Nephrosis, Lipoid*

This study investigated the relationship between hemoglobin concentration and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A total of 407,858 subjects (256,851 men, aged 30-94 yr), who underwent physical examination at 17 Korean nationwide health examination centers, was included in this study. Data regarding CVD incidence were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance database. In Cox proportional hazard models, men with lower or higher hemoglobin level showed higher hazard ratios (HR) with total CVD (HR, 1.14; 95% Confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.21 for the 1st quintile; HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.09-1.21 for the 5th quintile), ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07-1.26 for the 1st quintile; HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07-1.25 for the 5th quintile), and stroke (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02-1.25 for the 1st quintile; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30 for the 5th quintile) compared to those with mid-level of hemoglobin (3rd quintile). Women with higher hemoglobin level showed higher HR with total CVD (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01-1.31 for pre-menopausal women; HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.16 for post-menopausal women). We found an independent U-shaped association between hemoglobin level and CVD incidence in Korean population.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoglobins/*analysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the effects of life stress and depression in undergraduates on suicidal ideation. METHODS: The participants in this study were 306 nursing students from three different cities. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The mean score for life stress was 48.48, for depression, 28.59, and for suicidal ideation, 5.90. There were positive relationships between depression and life stress, suicidal ideation and life stress, and suicidal ideation and depression. The four factors of life stress, depression, school life, and gender were identified as factors influencing on suicidal ideation in undergraduates. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that the establishment of mental health care centers in universities, and development and implementation of nursing intervention programs for suicide prevention would be helpful.
Depression ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Stress, Psychological ; Students, Nursing ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide ; Child Health

In an effort to determine the value of the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), we compared MR findings with CT findings in 34 patients of aneurysmal SAH who taken MRI either preoperatively or postoperatively. MRI was taken in 8 patients and postoperatively in 31 patients. Preoperative abnormal MR findings were cisternal space obliteration(in one case), subacute hematoma in cisternal space(in one case), and visualization of turbulent signal void of aneurysm(in 3 cases). In 31 patients, MRI was taken postoperatively without any problem in spite of their intracranial aneurysm clip(in 9 patients among them, MRI was taken in high(2.0T) magnetic field). And characteristic MR artifact, with sausage shaped central low signal and surrounding high signal in T2WI, appeared in postoperative MRI scans. Their dimension were about 2+4cm in T2WI axial and T2WI sagittal scans. Findings of infarction were detected in 3 cases in both MRI scans and CT scans which were taken within 3dyas interval, postoperatively 1 in total 9 cases. But findings of the hemorrhagic infarction(3 cases) and subacute hemorrhage(2 cases) were detected only in MRI scans.
Aneurysm ; Artifacts ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

An encepholocele is defined as a herniation of cranial contents through a defect in the skull. Encephaloceles are classified accroding to their contents and location. Encephalocele is a useful general term to refer to common features of the various forms of anomaly, but considerable differences exist in the pathology, treatment and prognosis of encephaloceles at each anatomical location. Improved neuroimaging facilities, especially MRI, make it easy not only to detect the encephalocele including its contents and location, but also to get preoperative informations. We have reviewed a total of 22 patients with encephalocele whom we have experienced from 1986, July to 1990, June. Twelve were at occipital location, six at cranial vault, three at cranial base, one at frontoethmoidal location. The size of cranium bifidum and herniating sac of the cranial vault and occipital location is larger than that of frontobasal location. The incidence of associated hydrocephalus is in order of occipital, cranial vault, frontobasal form, and its prognosis is also better in frontobasal form than in occipital of cranial vault form.
Encephalocele* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Pathology ; Prognosis ; Skull ; Skull Base

Far lateral disc herniation(FLDH) with compression of the nerve root as it exits through the foramen has been a recognized entity for a number of years. Failure to diagonose and precisely localize these herniations can lead to unsuccessful surgical exploration or exploration of the innocent interspace. If these herniation are diagnosed, they often cannot be adequately exposed by the classic minline hemilaminectomy approach. A partial or complete unilateral facetectomy to expose these herniations can lead to vertebral instability or contribute to continued postoperative back pain. The authors present 5 patients who were diagnosed as having far lateral lumbar disc herniations from 1988 to 1990. Two of these were at L4-5 level, two at L5-S1 level and one at L3-4 level and all were over 60 years old. High resolution CT scan appeared to be the best study and the paramedian muscle splitting microsurgical approach, done in 3 cases, was found to be the most direct and favorable anatomical route to FLDH for vertebral stability and minimal postoperative back pain.
Back Pain ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed