We compared the DNA sequence difference of isolates of Clonorchis sinensis from one Korean (Kimhae) and two Chinese areas (Guangxi and Shenyang). The sequences of nuclear rDNA (18S, internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2: ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1: cox1) were compared. A very few intraspecific nucleotide substitution of the 18S, ITS1, ITS2 and cox1 was found among three isolates of C. sinensis and a few nucleotide insertion and deletion of ITS1 were detected. The 18S, ITS1, ITS2 and cox1 sequences were highly conserved among three isolates. These findings indicated that the Korean and two Chinese isolates are similar at the DNA sequence level.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; China ; Clonorchis sinensis/enzymology/*genetics ; Comparative Study ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/*genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/*genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; Genetic Markers ; Korea ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Sequence Alignment ; Species Specificity ; *Variation (Genetics)

The intestines and hearts of dogs were examined for Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, and Dirofilaria immitis, after necropsy between June 26 and September 29, 2004 in Chuncheon, Korea. Of the 662 dogs examined, 6 were infected with T. canis (0.9%), 86 with T. leonina (13.0%). Fifty dogs were infected with D. immitis among 500 dogs examined (10.0%). Five were co-infected with T. canis and T. leonina, and three were co-infected with T. leonina and D. immitis. The cumulative positive infection rate for three species was 134/662 (20.2%). Considering previously reported seropositive rates of T. canis excretory-secretory antigen, i.e., 5% in the adult population in Korea, the possibility of toxocariasis caused by T. leonina should be reevaluated.
Animals ; Dirofilaria immitis/*isolation & purification ; Dirofilariasis/*epidemiology ; Dog Diseases/*epidemiology ; Dogs ; Feces/parasitology ; Heart/parasitology ; Intestines/parasitology ; Korea/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Toxocara/*isolation & purification ; Toxocara canis/isolation & purification ; Toxocariasis/*epidemiology

We report a case of extraskeletal osteosarcoma in view of rarity, and a brief review of the literature related to this type of tumor is presented. The patient was a 31-year-old Korean woman, who had noticed a bean-sized hard mass in the right thigh progressively enlarged to become egg-size during about 7 months, followed by pain and tenderness. There was neither recognizable previous lesion nor causable agent about the mass on history taking. Physical examination revealed another palpable mass on the inguinal area. The right thigh and inguinal masses were simply excised and histologically confirmed to be an extraskeletal osteosarcoma and metastatic one, respectively.
Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

This study was undertaken to evaluate the significant diagnostic points of chronic alcoholic hepatitis (CALH) among clinicopathologic findings observed. The specimens used in this study were 20 cases of CALH and 28 cases of chronic active viral hepatitis (CAVH), which were diagnosed at our University Hospital during 9 years period from 1978 to 1987. In these cases, comparative analysis of age and sex distribution, major clinical manifestations, and laboratory and histopathologic findings was performed. The results obained were summarized as follows: Among 20 cases of CALH, the sex distribution was 15 in male and 15 in female with a ratio of 3:1. The range of age distribution was wide from third to seventh decade. There was no recognizable special point about the age and sex distribution of CALH, compared with cases of CAVH. Major clinical manifestations of CALH were hepatomegaly (85%), jaundice (75%) and abdominal pain (50%). Also there was no recognizable special point about the major clinical manifestations of CALH, compared with cases of CAVH. Abnormal values of major laboratory items in CALH were observed in activities of serum r-GTP (100%), SGOT (95%), SGPT (75%) and serum alkaline phosphatase (60%), and total serum bilirubin (60%). Compared with CAVH in major laboratory findings, the significant diagnostic items of CALH were the activities of serum r-GTP and alkaline phosphatase. The characteristic histopathologic findings of CALH, which were compared with CAVH and observed in liver parenchyma, were fatty change (100%), cytoplasmic ballooning and coagulation (100%), delicate fibrosis (85%), bile stagnation (35%), and Mallory bodies (20%), and that observed blurring of limiting plate (60%) in portal and periportal areas.
Female ; Male ; Humans

We examined stool specimens of the residents in the emigration camp in Tijuana, Mexico for helminth eggs or protozoan cysts with formalin-ethyl acetate concentration method in February and July 1992. Out of 92 examined samples, number of positive was 49 (53.3%). While number of cumulative positive was 66 (71.7%). Cysts of Entamoeba coli (29.3%) Giardia lamblia (9.8%), Entamoeba histolytica (7.6%), and eggs of Taenia spp. (6.5) were most frequently observed. Filtered water supply and chemotherapy were required in this camp.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Concentration Camps ; *Emigration and Immigration ; Eukaryota/isolation & purification ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; Helminths/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/*epidemiology/parasitology ; Male ; Mexico/epidemiology ; Middle Aged

Plagiarism, the use of text and ideas from published works without proper permission or citation, is difficult to detect since the whole text should be searched and compared to literature databases. Nevertheless, this process has become simpler with the advent of web-based technologies and more powerful search tools. Recently, a case of plagiarism was detected in an invited manuscript submitted to the Journal of the Korean Medical Association. In the withdrawn manuscript, there were figures and figure legends copied from other papers with neither permission nor citation. Only the citation is enough to use content, figures, or tables from other papers when the original journal is open access with Creative Commons License. Otherwise, to use such data, it is essential to obtain permission from that paper's journal publisher. If plagiarism is detected after publication, the author will face harsh disciplinary action before the office of research integrity in his or her institute. Also, the paper may be retracted by the editor. This is the first time that Editorial Board has detected plagiarism before publication. Screening for plagiarism and other ethical violations will continue so that we can pursue the status of the representative journal of Korean physicians and develop a positive reputation for Korean science internationally by maintaining the utmost quality and integrity in our publications.
Coat Protein Complex I ; Licensure ; Mass Screening ; Plagiarism ; Publications ; United States Office of Research Integrity

This study was performed with the purpose of histochemical comparison of CEA and EMA localization between adenoma and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The specimen was 12 lesions of adenoma and 15 foci of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The markers in neoplastic tissue and neighbouring mucosa of the tumors were examined in paraffin sections using peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. The data obtained were evaluated statistically. The results were summarized as follows: 1) In 12 lesions of stomach adenoma, the positive reaction to CEA was seen in 3 lesions (20.0%), and to EMA in 10 lesions (83.3%). The positive rate of CEA in adenoma was lower than that of the neighbouring normal mucosa, but the positive rate of EMA was similar between the two. 2) In 15 foci of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach, the positive reaction to CEA was seen in 13 foci (86.7%), and to EMA in 12 foci (80.0%). The positive rate of CEA in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that of the neighbouring normal mucosa, while the positive rate of EMA was similar to each other. 3) Immunoreactivity to CEA in adenocarcinoma showed good positive correlation with the development of cuticular border of the neoplastic glands, while reactivity to EMA in adenocarcinoma was not related with the development of cuticular border. 4) The positive rate and intensity of CEA reaction in adenocarcinoma were higher than those in adenoma, but the positive rate and reactiveity of EMA were similar to those of adenoma. 5) The positive rate of CEA or EMA in the neighbouring mucosa of adenoma was not different compared with those in the neighbouring mucosa of adenocarcinoma. With the above results, it is concluded that adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the stomach may be different each other, biologically, and further more, it is presumable that adenoma may not be a premalignant lesions. It is considered that examination of CEA immunoreactivity may be helpful in differentiated of adenoma from well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, in most cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma

For the better learning of Korean medical terminology, the use of computer assisted learning program, terminology dictionary in word processor and making a homepage for the terminology were proposed. The method for the realization of above three kinds was also discussed.
Internet ; Learning*

To determine the molecular phylogenic location of Plagiorchis muris, 28S D1 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) were sequenced and compared with other trematodes in the family Plagiorchiidae. The 28S D1 tree of P. muris was found to be closely related to those of P. elegans and other Plagiorchis species. And, the mtCOI tree also showed that P. muris is in a separate clade with genus Glypthelmins. These results support a phylogenic relationship between members of the Plagiorchiidae, as suggested by morphologic features.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/chemistry/*genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/classification/*genetics

This experiment was performed to elucidate the cytologic origin of chemically induced MFH in Wistar rats. The tumor was produced by injections of DMBA(9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene). With the produced MFH, cell culture and cloning were performed, followed by establishment of a cell strain, which was investigated by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. The results were as follows. A) By immunohistochemistry of the tumor tissue, fibroblastic cells were positive for MEP-1(specific antibody for fibroblastlike cell of MFH, Takeya, 1993) and Anti-hPH(beta)(Anti-prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta), but negative for TRPM-3 and F4/80. Histiocytelike cells were positive for TRPM-3 and F4/80, but negative for MEP-1 and Anti-hPH(beta). In immunoelectron microscopy, normal spleen macrophage showed linear reactivity in cell membrane for TRPM-3, whereas histiocytelike cells of the tumor disclosed negative reaction. B) At 5 weeks of the primary tumor cell culture, the cells exhibited typical storiform pattern of MFH. C) The established cell strain revealed immunoreactivity for MEP-1 and Anti-hPH(beta), but negative for TRPM-3. The cloned tumor cells showed morphologic characteristics of undifferentiated fibroblastic cell. Latex particle (0.80 micrometer size) phagocytosis was negative in the cloned cell strain. The results of the current study support the concept that principal component cells of MFH is of fibroblastic cell origin.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene* ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques* ; Cell Membrane ; Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; Fibroblasts ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Macrophages ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Microspheres ; Phagocytosis ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; Spleen