No abstract available.
Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female

Angiomyolipoma is considered by many authors to be a hamartoma, occurring in a sporadic form or in association with tuberous sclerosis. This lesion consists of thick walled blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue in varying amounts. We have experienced a case of the angiomyolipoma composed of monotypic epithelioid cells. The patient was a 69-year-old female. Clinically, there was no evidence of tuberous sclerosis. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic granular or clear cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and multinucleated giant cells. The tumor cells showed positive reaction for HMB45, CD68, smooth muscle actin, and S-100, and negative reaction for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, CD34, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor. Ultrastructual analysis showed the presence of glycogen, mitochondria, and other microorganelles in neoplastic cells. Melanosome or premelanosome was not identified.
Actins ; Adipose Tissue ; Aged ; Angiomyolipoma* ; Blood Vessels ; Cytoplasm ; Desmin ; Eosinophils ; Epithelioid Cells ; Estrogens ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glycogen ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Keratins ; Kidney* ; Melanosomes ; Mitochondria ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Vimentin

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and CT findings of the medial depression and bony dehiscence of lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1472 PNS CTs of the patients with symptoms of chronic sinusitis were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The total incidence of depressed lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation was 3.5%(52/1472) on PNS CT. There was a statistically significant correlation between the increasing age and the incidence of delamina papyracea. Depression of lamina papyracea anterior to the basal lamella were more common those of the posterior depression. Associated findings were herniation of adjacent fatty tissue in all cases and the roedial bowing and hypertrophied configuration of the medial rectus muscle without significant herniation in 19 cases(34%). CONCLUSION: Nontraumatic, asymptomatic depression with bony dehiscence of lamina papyracea as an anatomic variation is not uncommon with the incidence of 3.5%. Recognition of its existence and degree may helpful in avoiding various ocular complication during ethmoid surgery.
Adipose Tissue ; Anatomic Variation* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis

Epinephrine ; Pulmonary Edema

O1igodendrocytes are known to be responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of myelin sheath in the central nervous system, and their functional disturbance leads to defect in myelination. But, the fine mechanism of myelination by oligodendrocytes is not yet known, and iron metabolism in central nervous system is suspected to be related with myelination process by oligodendrocytes. Carbonic anhydrase-II[CA-II], transfe-rrin, and ferritin are known to be present at oligodendrocytes and suspected to play a role in iron metabolism of central nervous system. In this study, demyelination and remyelination of ICR mouse brains were induced using cuprizone, the copper-chelating agent, and immunohistochemical changes of CA-II-, transferrin-, and ferritin-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes at corpus callosum were observed. During demyelination by cuprizone feeding, the numbers of CA-II- and transferrin-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes were decreased. Especially, the decrease ratio of CA-II-positive cells was great. In contrast, the number of ferritin-positive oligodendrocytes was increased during demyelination by cuprizone feeding. Cessation of cuprizone feeding leaded remyelination and the numbers of CA-II-, transferrin-, and ferritin-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes were returned to normal level. In conclusion, the derangement of iron metabolism in oligodendrocytes may be related to demyelination mechanism of central nervous system, and the CA-II is suspected to have an important role in iron metabolism of oligodenrocytes in relation to demyelination and remyelination induced with cuprizone.
Animals ; Brain ; Carbon* ; Central Nervous System ; Corpus Callosum ; Cuprizone* ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Ferritins ; Iron ; Iron-Binding Proteins* ; Metabolism ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Myelin Sheath ; Oligodendroglia ; Transferrin

PURPOSE: To compare chest radiographic findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in non-AIDS immunocom- promised adult patients with those in immunocompetent patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eighty six patients who had pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study. Of these, 41 were non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients and 45 were immunocompetent adult patients. Chest radiographs obtained from 86 patients were retrospectively evaluated with regard to the followings ;the anatomic distribution and extent of tuberculous lesions, typical or atypical patterns of radiographic findings. We then compared the results in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients with those in immunocompetent adult patients. RESULTS: The characteristic manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis was a tendency of pulmonary lesions to localize in the apico-posterior segments of the upper lobe and the superior segment of the lower lobe in both groups but more wide distribution such as the anterior segment and the lingular segment of the upper lobe and the basal segments of the lower lobe was frequently identified in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients, and also bilateral, multisegmental and multilobular extents were common findings. in immunocompetent adult patients, more common findings were in local exudative and productive lesions and several cavities in preferential sites. Atypical plain radiographic findings were more common in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients, and which were multiple cavitary lesions, wide extent of bronchogenic spread and tuberculous pneumonia, and .miliary disseminations and mass like lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary tuberculosis in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients is characterized by frequent bilateral distribution, wide pulmonary extent, and atypical radiographic findings.
Adult* ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

This study aimed to analyze trends in research on depression among medical students in Korea and to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the average correlation coefficients between depression and related variables. In total, 38 quantitative studies (four theses and 34 journal articles) published between January 1995 and February 2023 were analyzed according to publication year, subjects, analysis methods, and measurement tools. Among them, 15 studies that provided numerical information on the relationships between depression and variables such as self-esteem, social support, grade point average (GPA), stress, and academic stress were selected for meta-analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, quantitative research on depression among medical students began in earnest in 2009, and cross-sectional studies targeting first-year and second-year medical students were the most prevalent. Furthermore, the most commonly used analysis method was difference testing, and the Beck Depression Inventory was the most frequently used measurement tool. Second, the mean correlation coefficients between depression and stress, self-esteem, social support, academic stress, and GPA were 0.534, 0.532, 0.465, 0.390, and 0.102, respectively. The results for self-esteem, stress, and academic stress showed substantial heterogeneity, while those for social support and GPA showed little heterogeneity. These findings suggest that educational interventions, such as social support improvement programs, are necessary to prevent depression among medical students.

Child ; Colon ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Male ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Retrospective Studies ; Soil

PURPOSE: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a symptom complex of vomiting and diarrhea caused by non-IgE mediated allergy to cow's milk and/or soy in young infants. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta has been reported to protect the epithelial barrier of the gut from foreign antigens. We studied the expression of type 1 and 2 TGF-beta receptors in the mucosa of small intestine to investigate their roles in the pathogenesis of FPIES. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients, aged 7 to 120 days (mean 49 days) who were diagnosed with FPIES by clinical criteria and challenge tests were included. Immunohistochemical stainings for type 1 and 2 TGF-beta receptors were performed on endoscopic duodenal biopsy specimens. RESULTS: Type 1 and 2 TGF-beta receptors were expressed in the villous and crypt epithelial cells but nearly absent in the lamina propria in both patients and controls. Type 1 TGF-beta receptor expression was significantly lower in the patients who had villous atrophy than in the patients who had not and in controls. The expression of type 1 TGF-beta receptor was negatively correlated with the severity of villous atrophy. Type 2 TGF-beta receptor expression showed no significant difference between the patients and controls. CONCLUSION: Our results suggests that the decreased activity of type 1 TGF-beta receptor is implicated in the pathogenesis of FPIES in young infants.
Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Diarrhea ; Enterocolitis* ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Infant ; Intestine, Small ; Milk ; Mucous Membrane ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Vomiting

Intramural pregnancy is one of the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy that only 20 cases have been reported in the world so far. Pathologically, the location of the gestational sac is completely isolated from the uterine cavity and entirely surrounded by myometrium without any contact of endometrium. Many reports noted that there would be possible relationship between the intramural pregnancy and prior uterine traumatic factor- curettage, cesarean section, myomectomy, salpingectomy, and manual removal of the placenta and so on. We have recently experienced a case of intramural pregnancy following curettage, managed completely by the laparoscopic excision and additive single dose intramuscular MTX treatment. So, we report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Animals ; Cesarean Section ; Curettage ; Endometrium ; Female ; Gestational Sac ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Placenta ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Salpingectomy