BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma(BCC) is the most common tumor of light-skinned people. Most of them are relatively innocuous, but some may cause extensive tissue destruction, and result in death by local infiltration of vital structure or metastatic disease. The bcl-2 is a protooncogene involved in tumorigenesis by blocking apoptosis or programmed cell death. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there was a difference in bcl-2 expression in different histopathological types of BCC. Method: We performed immunohistochemical staining by using a monoclonal mouse anti-human bcl-2 oncoprotein in 28 BCC(nodular: 7 cases, micronodular; 3 cases, adenoid; 1 case, infiltrative; 9 cases, and mixed; 8 cases). Result: All 28 BCC expressed bcl-2, and the degree of staining was different according to histopathological types; poor prognostic micronodular(100%) and infiltrative(73.3%) types were relatively strong, and nodular(66.7% ) and adenoid(75.0%) types were moderate. Conclusion . These results suggest that the degree of bcl-2 expression in BCC seems to be dependent to the histopathological types together with clinical behavior.
Adenoids ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Cell Death ; Mice

DNA isolated from human tumor cells can induce malignant transfarmation of tissue culture cells. The DNA is then called an oncogene. Its protein produets have been detected in animal and human tumors and are considered to play a significant role in carcinogenesis. In order to evaluate whether the oncogenes are involved in development of tumors of epidermis and whether they could be used as tumor markers, immunoperoxidase staining was performed for the ras product in sections of squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease, actinic keratosis, keratoacanthoma and seborrheic keratosis. Three cases of sgamous cell carcinoma showed 10~20 positive cells per high power field(HPF). Three cases of Bowen's disease revealed 1-9 positive cells per HPF, whereas the actinic keratosis 1~9 or no positive cells per 10 HPF in all three cases. The keratoacanthoma and seborrheic keratosis showed 1~9 or no positive cells in all observed cases. The positive staining was observed in the cytoplasm. The increasing positivity in parallel with the increase of malignant potential strongly suggests that the ras oncogene is closely related to development of epidermal malignancy and also point out the possibility of ras as a cancer marker.
Animals ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Epidermis* ; Genes, ras* ; Humans ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Oncogenes ; Biomarkers, Tumor

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

Intraosseous ganglion is a rare disease and identified as a cystic lesion on plain radiograph. One case ofintraosseous ganglion is examined by plain radiography and CT and findings are analyzed.
Bone Cysts ; Ganglion Cysts ; Radiography ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female

BACKGROUND: Among 5 subfamilies of dopamine receptors (DAR), D3 and D5 DAR are expressed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Recently, those DARs have been reported to change in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: We measured the DAR mRNA expression in PBMC from 15 PD patients who had never taken antiparkinson medication, and 16 age-matched healthy people by reverse transcription and quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction. The beta-actin mRNA expression was also measured to evaluate the relative expression of DAR mRNA. RESULTS: The D3 and D5 DAR mRNA expression was not different between patients and controls. In patients, no significant cor-relation was found between DAR mRNA expression in PBMC and clinical variables such as severity and duration of symptoms, and patients' age. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed the presence of D3 and D5 DAR in PBMC. However, their mRNA expressions were not influenced by the disease process of PD.
Actins ; Dopamine* ; Humans ; Parkinson Disease* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Dopamine* ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger*

Authors performed the immunohistochemical study with avidin biotin-peroxi- dase complex staining on the nail unit of the human fetus for determining the presence of keratin and prekeratin. Seven fetuses, ranging from 12 to 27 weeks in age, were examined. In all cases, the keratin and prekeratin were found in the epidermis of nail units, but not found in stratum corneum and nail plate. Keratin was located predominantly in suprabasal cells whereas prekeratin was located diffusely in the epidermis. Interestingly keratin and prekeratin were found as early as 12 week-old gestational period. There was no significant difference in presence of keratin and prekeratin.
Avidin ; Epidermis ; Fetus ; Humans*

OBJECTIVE: Although the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis has decreased progressively after the national control program for tuberculosis began, nowadays the number of MDRTB is increasing seriously. MDRTB tends to be poor responsive to current antituberculosis regimens. It is mainly due to poor compliance, high rate of side reaction of secondary drugs, and limitation in number of available drugs. The purpose of present study is to evaluate the clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted in one national tuberculosis hospital and to expose the problems pertaining to current remedies, to increase the treatment efficacy for pulmonary tuberculosis including MDRTB in the end. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of 336 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted in National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital was done. Contents of analysis were patients profile, the first diagnosed time and medical institutes, family history, residence, previous treatment history, chief complaints at the time of admission, lesion site on chest X-ray film, combined deseases, side reaction to antibuberculosis drugs, used drugs before admission and the results of drug sensitivity test. RESULTS: The ratio between male and female was 4:1. Age showed relatively even distribution from 3rd to 6 th decades. 64.6% of the patients was diagnosed at public health center. Weight loss was the most common complaint at admission. Bilateral lesions on chest X-ray films were 59.8%. 1 30patients had combined desease, of which DM was the most common(37.7%). 95patients had family history, of which parents were the most common(41.7%). According to the time of first diagnosis, 31 patients were diagnosed before 1980, and after then the number of patients was increased by degrees Residence overwhelmed in pusan and gyung-nam province. 258 patients got previous treatment history, of which 112 patients(43.4%) had more than 3 times and only 133 patients(51.6%) got regular medication. 97 patients used more than other 3 drugs in addition to INH, EMB, RFP and PZA before admission. 154 patients were informed with the results of drug sensitivity test. of which 77 patients had resistance to more than 5 drugs. Gastrointestinal problem was the most common in side reaction to drugs. CONCLUSION: In the case of weigt loss of unknown cause, tuberculosis should be suspected. In first treatment, sufficient and satisfactory explanation for tuberculosis is necessary and treatment period should not be stict to 6 month-short term therapy. In retreatment, new drugs should not be added to used drugs enen though drug sensitivity restlts show sensitivity to some of them. Proper time for surgical intervention should not be delayed.
Academies and Institutes ; Busan ; Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Hospitals, Chronic Disease* ; Humans ; Male ; Parents ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Retreatment ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* ; Weight Loss ; X-Ray Film

To differentiate the postoperative changes from the recurrence of tumor and to evaluate MR imaging of early postoperative leptomeningeal seeding in medulloblastoma, We have retrospectively analysed 34 cases of MR images of 17 patients who were confirmed as medulloblastoma by histopathology. Noncontrast and postcontrast T1 weighted MR images were obtained in all patients. In 11 patients follow-up MR was done more than once (average:1.5 times) and average interval of MR imaging was 6 months. The timing of 34 MR images was as follow: 6 case within 2 months, 9 cases between 2 months and 1 year, 19 cases more than 1 year after surgery respectively. MR images within 2 month after surgery revealed contrast enhancement at operation site and adjacent meninges, hemorrhage, residual tumor. In patients who had no evidence of tumor recurrence, these early postoperative changes were markedly decreased within 6 month after sugery. MR images obtained more than 1 year after sugery showed no abnormal contrast enhancement or mild focal dural enhancement at operation site. Diffuse moderate dural enhancement was noted in one patient who had the history of post-surgical subdural hemorrhage. In six patients with tumor recurrences which were detected from as early as 9months to 6 years after surgery, the findings of recurrence included leptomeningeal enhancement of brain stem and cerebellar surface at early stage, variable sized enhancing leptomeningeal nodules, linear or irregular sulcus obliterating enhancing lesions, enhancing mass at primary or metastatic site. We have concluded that leptomeningeal enhancement detected after 6 months of surgery is an important MR finding suggesting the possibility of tumor recurrence. Small nodular and linear enhancement of leptomeninges at brainstem or cerebellar surface is considered as the early manifestation of intracranial tumor seeding.
Brain Stem ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Medulloblastoma* ; Meninges ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

This study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy for assessing vascular ingrowth into the ocular implants after enucleation and evisceration. Twenty four patients(M:F=7:17, mean age:36), with a coralline hydroxyapatite after uncomplicated enucleation or evisceration surgery were studied. Uptake ratio was also calculated by measuring the implants activity(H)and contralateral orbit activity(N). Grading score and uptake ratio were compared with clinical outcome of vascularization. Additionally, we also analyzed the vascularization status as time lapse between primary surgery and scintigraphic study and surgical methods. The degree of grade and uptake ratio were inversely correlated with vascular ingrowth. Higher than grade 2 or greater than 1.56 in H/N ratio seemed to be an indicator for better prognosis. 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy can be a useful method to evaluate the vascularized status of implants. Adequate time for 99m Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy after enucleation and evisceration was 11~20 weeks.
Durapatite ; Orbit ; Prognosis ; Radionuclide Imaging*