No abstract available.
Humans ; Incidence* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mortality* ; Statistics as Topic*

Unusual morphology of aberrant forms of bacteria, presented with grotesque-giant form, 15 m 3 m, with central emptiness and fusiform ends was observed in urine Gram stain from a 26-year-old woman who was admitted with the symptoms of acute urinary tract infection. On wet smear, these bacilli were markedly swollen, yeast-like organisms. In addition to normal shaped bacilli, various shapes of another aberrant bacteria, such as long bacilli, filamentous form, filamentous form with central bulge, and bipolar staining with central emptiness were also observed in the same specimen. The morphologic characteristics of these unusual aberrant bacilli were more distinct on Papanicolaou stain than on Gram stain. In Korea, where antimicrobial agents are overused and disused, the frequency of observing the aberrant bacteria would be much higher than cases reported. Here we report unusual morphology of aberrant forms of Escherichia coli with the emphasis on awaring of the potential appearance of such bacilli in clinical specimen and avoiding confusion with fungi and other naturally filamentous organisms.
Adult ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteria* ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Korea ; Urinary Tract Infections

PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess the level of super-leadership and self-leadership, identify correlations among variables and identify the factors influencing organizational commitment of clinical nurses. METHODS: Participants were 217 nurses working in four hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson Correlation, and Multiple Regression. RESULTS: The most influential factor for organizational commitment was super-leadership (β=.28, p<.001), followed by education (β=.16, p=.007), the number of unit nurses (β=-.18, p=.003), self-leadership (β=.17, p=.008), and the number of patients being under 10 (β=.12, p=.046). These factors accounted for 23% of the variance in organizational commitment (F=13.46, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest a need for strategies to improve organizational commitment of nurses by enhancing nurse' self-leadership through nursing managers' super-leadership.
Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Nursing ; Seoul

BACKGROUND: Most surgical patients experience preoperative anxiety. This anxiety can effect the amount of preanesthetic medication and anesthetic agents needed, and contribute to postoperative pain. Music has been recognized as a way to reduce anxiety and fear. The effect of hymn and sutra-chanting on the preanesthetic patient's anxiety in the operating room were studied. METHODS: 98 patients were divided into two groups according to the religionist or atheism. Group I(n=50, religionist) and Group II(n=48, atheism) listened to hymn or sutra-chanting according to the patient's religion and choice. At ward, hemodynamic variables including systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured as control values. Hemodynamic variables and measurements of anxiety score with Hamilton anxiety rating scale were made at pre-music and post-music in the operating room. Also, patient's response to the music was measured on the postoperative 5-6th day. RESULTS: There were no difference between ward, pre-music, and post-music in terms of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and pulse rate except the systolic pressure at pre-music that is grater than that of controls in both groups. Both group, anxiety score at post-music was significantly lower than that of pre-music (10.2+/-3.4 vs 4.4+/-2.9, 11.0+/-3.2 vs 5.7+/-3.1). At post-music, anxiety score in Group I showed significant reduced compaired with Group II (p<0.05). Patients showed relatively good satisfaction with music in both groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that music with hymn and Sutra-chanting were effective to reduce preanesthetic anxiety in both religionist group and atheism group.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Anxiety* ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Music ; Operating Rooms* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Preanesthetic Medication ; Premedication

No abstract available.
Antigens, Surface* ; Oncogenes*

PURPOSE: This paper examined the relationship between knowledge differences of maternal oral health and of relevant demographic variables. METHODS: Participants included 239 pregnant women who were recruited from Women's Hospital located in B city who agreed to participate in this study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis using the SPSS 21.0 program. RESULTS: Maternal knowledge of oral health was moderate level (10.22±2.36). Scores of maternal knowledge of oral health were different according to age, education, occupation, parity, and dental care experience in pregnancy. Level of oral healthcare knowledge was weakly related to age and education. CONCLUSION: Consequently, it is necessary to encourage pregnant women to take part in oral health education program during antenatal care.
Delivery of Health Care ; Dental Care ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Occupations ; Oral Health* ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women*

Carcinoma of lung is classified by histologic cell type, this is based on predominant major cell population by tissue specimen. But in fact a range of 13% to 63% of lung cancer has been appeared to be heterogeneous cell type at the light microscopic level. After treatment of the mixed lung cancer and/or with time there are reports that cell type is changed. Because it is possible that the tumor were pleomorphic and that the antitumor therapy eliminated the more sensitive cell population and permitted the subsequent emergence of the more resistant cell population. The authors reported here, a case of 32 year old female patient with mixed lung cancer composed of three cell type, and this is the first case in Korea.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Population Characteristics

BACKGROUND: Standard protocols are lacking for the preparation of platelet lysates (PL) as an alternative to using fetal bovine serum as a cell culture supplement. This study aimed to establish optimum conditions for preparing PL for use in cell cultures. METHODS: Cell density in three pooled platelet concentrates (PC) were adjusted to 1x10(12)/L and 2x10(12)/L. PL was prepared from PC by 1 to 3 freeze-thaw (FT) cycles. HaCaT cells were cultured in media supplemented with 5% or 10% PL. Cell numbers were estimated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8; Dojindo Laboratories, Japan). Growth factors were quantified by using the Luminex 200 system (Luminex Corporation, USA). RESULTS: Cell proliferation rates in the presence of PLs were similar when prepared from PCs of both cell densities. The rates were higher in media containing 5% PL than 10% PL when prepared by two FT cycles. Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor-AB/BB (PDGF-AB/BB), PDGF-AA, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were significantly higher in PL prepared from PC with a cell density of 2x10(12)/L than 1x10(12)/L PC. However, only VEGF and PDGF-AA concentrations in PLs were correlated with HaCaT cell counts. CONCLUSIONS: The 5% PL from PC with a cell density of 1x10(12)/L prepared by two FT cycles treatment was the most effective condition that supported steady HaCaT cell proliferation. Our finding may be useful for preparing PL-supplemented cell culture media.
Blood Platelets/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Culture Media/pharmacology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/chemistry/pharmacology ; Humans ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/chemistry/pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/chemistry/pharmacology

As most infections by the helminth parasite elicit the recruitment of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T (T(reg)) cells, many scientists have suggested that these cells could be used for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammation and associated diseases. In order to investigate the distribution and alteration of activated T(reg) cells, we compared the expression levels of T(reg) cell activation markers in the ileum and gastrocnemius tissues 1, 2, and 4 weeks after infection. The number of T(reg) cells was monitored using GFP-coded Foxp3 transgenic mice. In mice at 1 week after Trichinella spiralis infection, the number of activated T(reg) cells was higher than in the control group. In mice at 2 weeks after infection, there was a significant increase in the number of cells expressing Foxp3 and CTLA-4 when compared to the control group and mice at 1 week after infection. At 4 weeks after infection, T. spiralis was easily identifiable in nurse cells in mouse muscles. In the intestine, the expression of Gzmb and Klrg1 decreased over time and that of Capg remained unchanged for the first and second week, then decreased in the 4th week. However, in the muscles, the expression of most chemokine genes was increased due to T. spiralis infection, in particular the expression levels of Gzmb, OX40, and CTLA-4 increased until week 4. In addition, increased gene expression of all chemokine receptors in muscle, CXCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR9, and CCR10, was observed up until the 4th week. In conclusion, various chemokine receptors showed increased expressions combined with recruitment of T(reg) cells in the muscle tissue.
Animals ; Gene Expression ; Helminths ; Ileum ; Inflammation ; Intestines ; Mice* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscles ; Parasites ; Receptors, Chemokine ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory* ; Trichinella spiralis ; Trichinella*

Congenital self-healing reticulohistiocytosis (CSHR) is a rare variant of cutaneous reticulohistiocytosis. We report a newborn who had about 25 reddish brown papulonodular lesions on whole body at birth. No extracutaneous involvement was found. All skin lesions involuted within 4 months spontaneously. Biopsy of a skin lesion showed marked aggregated histiocytic infiltration with some eosinophils. S-100 protein and lysozyme were positive. Electron microscopy revealed numerous dense bodies, often with a myelin-like core and some Birbeck granules. We described a detailed clinical features of this case and reviewed the literatures.
Biopsy ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Microscopy, Electron ; Muramidase ; Parturition ; S100 Proteins ; Skin