The changes in serum electrolytes that follow the administration of succinylcholine have been reported in numerous publications since the first description of hyperkalemia by Klupp et al in 1954. The changes in serum K+, Ca++ and Na+ after administration of succinylcholine, 2mg/kg, were compared in 3groups of 20 patients each to determine the effect of diasepam and d-Tubocurarine pretreatment on the elctrolyte level. Group l received succinylcholine 2mg/kg only; group ll diazepam 0.2mg/kg 3 minutes before succinylcholine; group lll 3mg d-Tubocurarine 3 minutes before succinylcholine. This investigation was limited to the first 10 minutes after induction on sixty, ASA class 1 patients undergoing elective surgical procedure. The results were as follows: 1) A significant increase of serum potassium concentration was observed at 4 minutes and 6 minutes in group l compared to baseline value(p<0.05). 2) Mean peak change ratio in serum potassium was significantly lower in group lll than group l (p<0.05). 3) There was no significant changes in serum concentration in 3 groups. 4) There was no significant changes in serum sodium concentration except for a decrease at 10 minutes in group l(p<0.05).
Diazepam* ; Electrolytes ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Succinylcholine ; Surgical Procedures, Elective ; Tubocurarine*

With increasing use of whole blood transfusions, a variety of untoward reactions have been recognized during the past quarter century. The most common complication of blood trasfusions is urticaria among the allergic reactions, but angioneurotic edema, bronchospasm, and even anaphylactic shock have been observed. The urticaria after blood transfusion during anesthesia has been studied from March 1980 to February 1979 in the department of anesthesiology in Ewha Womans University Hospital. Among 642 cases in total of whole blood transfusion, there were 92 cases(14.4%) of urticaria. The following results were obtained: 1) 92 cases(14.4%) developed urticaria. 2) Among them, 52 cases(59.8%) had mild form urticaria, 16 cases(17.3%) moderate and 21 cases(22.8%) serere. 3) 20 cases of severe urticaria were given average 6. 25 pints of whole blood transfusion. 4) The incidence of urticarial reaction increased with the amount of blood given. 5) Almost all cases of severe urticaria were over 20 years of age and the difference of sex ratio was not significant. 6) Average eosinophil count was 1. 5% of whole white blood cell count and it was within normal limits. 7) 19 cases received general anesthesia and only one case spinal anesthesia. 8) Average onset of urticarial reactions was 1 hour and 45 minutes after transfusion started and everage duration of urticarial reactions was 4 hours and 15 minutes. 9) Pheniramine maleate, hydrocortisone sodium succinate and epinephrine were used as the treatment of urticaria. 10) The results of treatment were good in 25%, moderate 55% and poor 20%.
Anaphylaxis ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthesiology ; Angioedema ; Blood Transfusion* ; Bronchial Spasm ; Eosinophils ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypersensitivity ; Incidence ; Leukocyte Count ; Pheniramine ; Sex Ratio ; Sodium ; Succinic Acid ; Urticaria*

The recent prevalence of syphilis has known to be increased progressively throughout the world, since middle of 1950. In Korea, current trend of increased syphilic infection has became a major public health problem. The authors selected sero-positive patients, among the outpaients of department of dermatology, urology, OB & GY, and physical examination, and performed statistical analysis of this sero-positive patients. Results are as following; 1) Of the 2,007 patients taken physical examination, 30 patient(1.49%) were reactive to VDRL. 2) 0.71% of the total out patients of the dermatologic dcpartment were sero-positive. Annual ratio of the syphilitic patient were increased progressively. 3) Ratio of the syphilitic patients to the total outpatients of OB & GY department was 0.55% and somewhat increased since 1976. 4) In the age distribution, the third decade shared 51.8% of the total sero-positive patients 5) In the sexual ratio. male:female=l: l. 62 in the total sero-positive patients. (male:female=l: 1.06 in the dermatologic department.) 6) In the stage distribution, latent syphilis patients were 59.14% of the total syphilitic patients.
Age Distribution ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Latent ; Urology

The anesthetic management of cesearean section in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been controversial. Regional anesthesia, particularly lumbar epidural block, and general anesthesia have been recommended. We have made a clinical analysis of anesthesia for 349 cesearean sections among total 1,434 toxemia from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1980 in the Department of Anesthesiology, Ewha Womans University Hospital. The results are as follows: 1) The incidence of cesarean section of toxemic patients was 24.3%. 2) Indications for cesarean section were, in order of frequency:FPD(48.9%), previous C-section(14.3%), abnormal presentation (10.0%), etc. 3) Of the total 349 cesarean sections, 86%(300 cases) were emergency cases. 4) The majority of preoperative systopic pressure was 140~160 mmHg. 5) Of the total cases, 48.8%(153 cases) had general anesthesia and 51.2%(196 cases) had spinal. 6) One minute Apgar score of the infants born after spinal anesthesia are better than general anesthesia. 7) In patients received magnesium sulfate(96 cases), 54.2%(52 cases) had general anesthesia and 45.8%(44 cases) had spinal anesthesia. 8) In cases with magnesium sulfate therapy, there was a few incidence of severe neonatal depression.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthesiology ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section* ; Depression ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Magnesium ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Pregnancy ; Toxemia*