No abstract available.
Chiroptera*

The changes in the size of human oviduct and ovary after immersion in formalin (4%, 10%) were investigated. The results were as follows : 1. After fixation, the length of oviduct was significantly reduced to 93%, but the cross sectional area of oviduct was significantly increased. The length of oviduct showed no significant difference between 4% and 10% formalin. The length of ovarian ligament was also significantly reduced to 84% after fixation. 2. After fixation, the volume of oviduct was increased significantly and showed a difference between the two fixatives. The volume of oviduct in 4% formalin has increased to 107%, as compared to 103% increase in 10% formalin. 3. After fixation, the volume of ovary was increased significantly and showed a difference between the two fixatives. The volume of ovary in 4% formalin has increased to 109%, as compared to 103% increase in 10% formalin.
Animals ; Female ; Fixatives ; Formaldehyde* ; Humans* ; Immersion* ; Ligaments ; Ovary* ; Oviducts*

No abstract available.
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

BACKGROUND: In eczematous skin it is expected that altered defense mechanisms are employed against an injury, which mechanisms include alterations in the stratum corneum barrier function and lipid contents. OBJECTIVE: To investigaten aspect of pathophysiology of hand eczema by comparing the water holding capacities and transepidermal water loss(TEWL) after injuries on the skin and by comparing the epidermal lipid contents between hand eczema and normal subjects. METHODS: The water holding capacities were checked by corneometer, and the TEWL were checked after epidermal barrie! destruction with acetone or adhesive tapes. The epidermal lipids were extracted with acetone, ther (1: 1 v/v) mixture solvent and analysed by HP- TLC. RESULTS: The water holdingapacities were decreased in eczema of the palm, but the recoveries of TEWL and the lipid content did not differ between hand eczema and normal subjects. CONCLUSION: The water holding capacities were decreased in the eczematous skin. But there were no significant differencies in the recovery of destructed epidermal barrier and the epidermal lipid contents.
Acetone ; Adhesives ; Defense Mechanisms ; Eczema* ; Hand* ; Skin ; Water

BACKGROUND: Childhood myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) is a heterogenous disease complex which has characteristics of cytopenia in one or more hemopoietic cell lines in peripheral blood and of dysmorphisms of hemopoietic precursors in bone marrow, but quite different from adult one. We experienced 22 patients with childhood myelodysplastic syndrome during 9 years from 1987 to 1995 in the Department of Pediatrics, Inje University College of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Pusan, Korea and performed a clinical study about them to analyze the clinical and hematological features and treatment outcome retrospectively. METHOD: We analyzed their clinical features including age and sex distribution, chief complaints and physical findings on first admission, distribution of subtypes, hematologic features including initial hemoglobin, total WBC and platelet count, and treatment outcome including leukmic transformation and prognostic scores. RESULTS: 1) Of the total 22 patients, 10 were in 0-4 years of age on first admission, 8 in 5-9, and 4 above 10 years of age. The male : female sex ratio was 2.1 : 1. 2) Of the 22 patients, chief complaints on first admission were bleeding tendency in 9 patients(40.9%), pallor in 8(36.4%) and fever in 3(13.6%), in order, and physical findings on first admission were purpura or ecchymoses in 17(77.3%), anemia in 15(68.2%) and hepatosplenomegaly in 8(36.4%), in order. 3) Hematologic findings on first admission were as follows : hemoglobin levels were below 3 g/dl in 1 patient(4.5%), 3-6 g/dl in 10(45.5%), and 6-9 g/dl in 11(50.0%). Initial WBC counts were below 5,000/mm3 in 13 patients(59.1%), 5,000-10,000/mm3 in 5(22.7%) and above 10,000/mm3 in 4(18.2%). Initial platelet counts were below 20,000/mm3 in 10(45.5%), 20,000-50,000/mm3 in 5(22.7%), 50,000-100,000/mm3 in 5(22.7%) and above 100,000/mm3 in 2(9.1%). 4) Of the 22 patients, 12 patients(54.6%) were RA type, 1(4.6%) RAS, and 3(13.6%) RAEB, RAEB-T and JCML types, respectively. 5) According to prognostic scores by Mufti et al(1986), none were in 'good' group, 17 patients(89.5%) in 'intermediate' group with 39.5 months of mean duration of survival(range 4-95 months) and 2(10.5%) in 'poor' group with 18 months of mean duration of surviral(range 17-19) until the last follow-up. However, the subtypes and clinical status seemed not to be related to the prognostic scores. 6) Sixteen patients were treated with low dose cytosine arabinoside(10 mg/m2/12hrs), of whom 7 patients gained long-standing event-free survival, whose treatment regimen was changed to oral 6-TG about 2 years later. All 3 of JCML were treated with A-Triple-V regimen, one of whom was died of sepsis, one was transformed into AML and died of sepsis, while the remained one gained long-standig event-free survival (62 months). 7) Leukemic transformation into AML occured in 7 patients(RA 1, RAEB 2, RAEB-T 3, JCML 1), 6 of whom were dead, while one gained long-standing event-free survival of 34 months. CONCLUSION: We concluded that RA was the most dominant type among our patients, and the frequency to transform into AML was 31,8%, and 31.9% of the patients had long-term survival, and that reliability of prognostic scoring system by Mufti et al(1986) was not high.
Adult ; Anemia ; Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts ; Bone Marrow ; Busan ; Cell Line ; Cytosine ; Disease-Free Survival ; Ecchymosis ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes* ; Pallor ; Pediatrics ; Platelet Count ; Purpura ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Sex Distribution ; Sex Ratio ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Rectal Prolapse*

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between career identity, major satisfaction, and nursing professionalism among undergraduate students who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic in nursing. Methods: A total of 341 nursing students who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic were recruited from four universities. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 with real number, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average age of the study participants was 21.09±1.98 years. Career identity was 2.64±0.41 points, major satisfaction was 3.87±0.50 points, and nursing professionalism was 3.70±0.48 points. Nursing professionalism showed a statistically significant positive correlation with career identity (r=.25, p<.001) and major satisfaction (r=.60, p<.001). Career identity and major satisfaction explained 35% of nursing professionalism. Conclusion This study found that nursing professionalism among nursing students experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic was reduced compared to studies conducted before the COVID-19 situation. The possibility of a repeat of the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 or other similar infectious diseases cannot be ruled out. In order to accept and respond to changes, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of undergraduate students who are prospective nurses in the post-corona era from various aspects.

We have experienced an anesthetic management of 56-year-old male patient with carotid stenosis. Carotid endarterectomy was performed with processed electroencephalography (compressed spectral array, CSA) monitoring. Carotid endarterectomy has significant risk of perioperative stroke and myocardial infarction. For brain protection during carotid cross clamp, body temperature of patient was maintained at 33.5oC and thiopental was infused continuously to induce burst suppression. To maintain blood pressure during cross clamp, dopamine was infused continuously and phenylephrine was injected intermittently. CSA was performed to monitor thiopental-induced burst suppression and ischemic brain insult. After releasing carotid cross clamp, body temperature was raised to 35oC.
Blood Pressure ; Body Temperature ; Brain ; Carotid Stenosis ; Dopamine ; Electroencephalography ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; Phenylephrine ; Stroke ; Thiopental

Ureteral reimplantation has been used widely for the correction of ureterovesical reflux, terminal ureteral stricture, ureteral obstruction, ectopic ureteral opening, megaureter, renal transplantation and ureteral injury, etc. The ultimate purpose of the ureteral reimplantation is for the preservation of renal function and upper urinary tract. since the concept of ureterovesical reflux reported by Sampson in 1903, many types of surgical procedure of ureteral eimplantation have been developed and performed for various ureteral obstructive problems. There is also increasing tendency of ureteral reimplantation in out country. To determine the efficacy of ureteral reimplantation, we reviewed and evaluated the records of 34 patients(40 ureters) who underwent ureteral reimplantation at the Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital during the period from March, 1979 to February, 1983. And following results were obtained: 1. Ureteral reimplantation was performed in cases of ureterovesical reflux, ureteral stricture, megaureter, bladder tumor, failed previous reimplantation and surgical injury. 2. Thirty two ureters were reimplanted with the method of Politano-Leadbetter, five ureters with Glenn Anderson, one ureter with Cohen and one ureter with transureteroureterostomy with Boari-flap method. 3. Mean duration of ureteral stenting was 6 days(3-10 days). 4. Complications had been observed in 11 cases which included persistent pyuria, persistent reflux, acute pyelonephritis, paralytic ileus, vesicocutaneous fistula and obstruction. 5. Postoperative pyelographic appearances were improved in 10/13(76.9%) cases. We made a conservative treatment in patients with persistent urinary tract infection.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Fistula ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Intraoperative Complications ; Kidney Transplantation ; Pyelonephritis ; Pyuria ; Replantation* ; Seoul ; Stents ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urology

Palliative open nephrostomy was done on 50 cases with advanced pelvic malignancy and benign conditions in the Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital during the period of March, 1979 to July, 1982. The results were as follows: 1. 20.5% (9/44) of our patients died without being discharged from the hospital after nephrostomy. 2. In advanced pelvic malignancy, only 52.6% of patients alive at 3 months and only 26.3% alive 6 months. 3. In advanced pelvic malignancy, the post-nephrostomy complication was 46.7% and the most common complication was various urinary problems. 4. The cause of death was multifactorical and impossible to define precisely. The nephrostomy complications were at least in part contributory to the deaths. 5. The terminal malignancy patients who might not expected to live six months and to lead a useful, relatively comfortable life outside the hospital after treatment could not have benefited from nephrostomy. Unavoidable cases, we recommended percutaneous nephrostomy and passage of ureteral catheters instead of open nephrostomy.
Cause of Death ; Humans ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Seoul ; Urinary Catheters ; Urology