Agar ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Cacao ; Chloramphenicol ; Dental Implants ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Inflammation ; Mouth ; Streptococcus ; Titanium ; Vancomycin ; Volunteers

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic disorder which has frequent involvement of gastrointestinal tract. Non specific symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, diarrhea and abdominal pain are well known symptoms when the gastrointestinal tract is involved. The most feared gastrointestinal complication of systemic lupus erythematosus is lupus enteritis. The pathological change in lupus enteritis is usually a result of mesenteric vasculitis. Major complications such as intestinal bleeding and perforation may occur and sometimes result in sugery. Because of high mortality rate in case of major complications, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is very important. We experienced three patients with lupus enteritis who presented with severe abdominal pain and dirrhea. They were diagnosed by characteristic radiographical findings of small bowel series and barium study. All radiographical findings has been resolved completely with the steroid therapy. Conclusively we can induce complete remission by steroid therapy alone, if we diagnose lupus enteritis in the early period of disease course.
Abdominal Pain ; Anorexia ; Barium ; Diarrhea ; Early Diagnosis ; Enteritis* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: To find out the characteristic MR findings of reversible posterior leukoen-cephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) due to various causes in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight children with RPLS underwent MR imaging, and the findings were retrospectively analyzed. All eight were acutely hypertensive at the time of a neurotoxic episode. Three had intra-abdominal tumors (one adrenal pheochromo-cytoma, one para-aortic paraganglioma and one para-aortic ganglioneuroma encasing the left renal artery); three were being treated with cyclosporine; one was being treat-ed with steroid; and one had hemolytic uremic syndrome. Initial cranial MR images were analyzed with particular emphasis on the distribution of the lesions. To assess possible sequelae, follow-up MR images were obtained in seven patients at least one week after the treatment of hypertension. Four underwent proton MR spectroscopy. RESULTS: Characteristic distribution of lesions in the occipital and posterior parietal lobes was identified in all cases regardless of the causes of RPLS. The cerebellum, basal ganglia, anterior parietal, and frontal lobe were involved in four, two, one, and one case, respectively. Cortical gray matter involvement was predominant in six and subcortical white matter involvement predominated in two patients. The distribution of lesions was bilateral and asymmetric. Gyriform enhancement was identified in six cases, and small hemorrhage was noted in one. In seven patients, the clinical and MR findings improved without sequelae on follow-up study. In one, proton MR spectroscopy demonstrated a high lactate peak at the time of the neurologic event. Nearnormal spectra were noted in three children who underwent proton MR spectroscopy after recovery. CONCLUSION: The MR findings of RPLS are characteristic in that lesions are distributed in the posterior region of the brain and they are reversible on follow-up study. In children with RPLS due to unknown causes, the possibility of intra-abdominal tumors should also be considered.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Child* ; Cyclosporine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Frontal Lobe ; Ganglioneuroma ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lactic Acid ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Paraganglioma ; Parietal Lobe ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome* ; Protons ; Rabeprazole ; Retrospective Studies

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignancy in western nations with serious health problem, and it has become the leading cause of cancer death of males, second only to stomach cancer, in Korea. A review of the histopathology of 1363 cases (1231 patients) of lung carcinoma, diagnosed at the Keimyung University Medical center from 1987 to 1996, was performed to reclassify the type of carcinomas and to investigate the change in the distribution of histologic types of lung carcinoma according to age, sex and year. Among the 1363 cases, 132 patients underwent a surgical operation after biopsy. The diagnosis of each case was proven by histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens (13.2%) and biopsy materials (86.8%). The histologic types in our study were basically based on modified WHO classification (1982) and on new WHO classification (1999). The classification of small cell carcinoma was based on International Association for the Small Cell Lung Cancer (IASLC, 1988). Of the 1231 patients with lung carcinoma, 1012 were male and 219 were female (male to female ratio was 3.6:1). According to the analysis of age distribution, the most prevalent age group was 60~69 years in both sex as (n=516, 42.0%). Changing trends in sex distribution of lung carcinoma patients showed that the proportion of men had decreased throughout the years, whereas the proportion of women had significantly increased. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (n=624, 50.7%), followed by small cell carcinoma (21.1%), adenocarcinoma (18.1%), large cell undifferentiated carcinoma (2.1%), adenosquamous carcinoma (0.4%), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (0.4%), in order of frequency. In men, squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type (55.1%). In women, adenocarcinoma was the most frequent type (39.7%). In both sexes, adenocarcinoma was the most common type in patients under the age of 40 (n=12, 41.4%), while squamous cell carcinoma proved the most frequent type in patients over the age of 40 (n=617, 51.3%). Changing trends of histologic types of lung cancer showed that the incidences of squamous cell carcinoma had significantly decreased throughout the years, whereas those of adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma had increased. In conclusion, the results showing increases in the percentage of female patients and in the number of cases of adenocarcinoma were noteworthy, and well correlated with other related reports.
Academic Medical Centers ; Adenocarcinoma ; Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Male ; Sex Distribution ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; Stomach Neoplasms

Medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA) is one of the most commonly used hormonal agents for the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial adenocarcinoma. However, the progesterone receptor content of endometrial carcinoma varies directly to the degree of differentiation and inversely with stage of the tumor. Thus one would predict that MPA therapy would be less effective in advanced and poorly differentiated tumors. In addition, MPA has been shown to reduce progesterone receptor content of both normal and malignant endometrial cells, which could result in loss of hormone responsiveness. Tamoxifen, which is often used in breast cancer therapy, has also been used in the treatment of patients with advanced and recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Tamoxifen is known to have some estrogenic effects at low concentration and one of these effects is induction of progesterone receptor both in normal and malignant endometrium. This property has focused interest on sequential or simultaneous use of tamoxifen and MPA in the therapy of endometrial carcinoma. The growth inhibitory effects of MPA and tamoxifen were tested on six longestablished endometrial carinoma cell line(HEC-1-A, HEC-1-B, RL 95-2, AN3CA, KLE) and on SCHE-1, a new endometrial carcinoma cell line established in our laboratory. MPA and tamoxifen were used in growth experiments either alone, simultaneously or sequentially. The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was used as a control. Only 20% reduction in cell number was achieved after 10 days of exposure to the drug, even with the highest MPA concentration tested(10micronm) in endometrial carcinoma cell lines. But in MCF-7 cells, 60% reduction in cell number was achieved with the same concentration of MPA(10um). Ten days of feeding with 5micronm tamoxifen produced a 96% reduction in cell number in MCF-7, a 91% reduction in HEC-1-A, a 88% reduction in HEC-1-B, a 98% reduction in AN3CA and a 71% reduction in KLE cultures. In SCHE-1 cultures a 83% reduction in cell growth was seen and no viable cells remainde in RL 95-2 cultures after 10 days of feeding with a 5uM tamoxifen. In AN3CA cultures, simultaneous exposure to 5um tamoxifen and 5um MPA resulted in partial reversal of the tamoxifen-induced growth inhibition. In RL 95-2, HEC-1-A and HEC-1-B cultures, simultaneous use of these drugs had the same effect as tamoxifen alone, whereas in KLE and SCHE-1 cultures a slight additive growth effect was observed. All six endometrial carcinoma cell lines resumed logarithmic growth when medium containing tamoxifen of logarithmic growth under these conditions was slower than that in the other endometrial carcinoma cultures. Our results show that MPA does not have growth inhibitory effects in these endometrial carcinoma cell cultures, whereas tamoxifen has been shown to have potent endometrial carcinoma cells. These findings are of special importance since patients who are most likely to need adjuvant therapy for advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma are those with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negative tumors.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line* ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Endometrium ; Estrogen Receptor Modulators* ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Medroxyprogesterone ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Tamoxifen*

The purpose of this study is to build up the foundation to prepare the effective nursing intervention devices for the seriously ill patient's families nursing through the nurse understanding of the experiences of the seriously ill patient's families in the field by setting up grounded theory. In this study, the subjects is the 6 families members of ICU patients, who were being cared in university hospital and the data were collected from 4.15 to 5, 1996 by the recordings and transcring the interview. The intervention lasted from 2 hours to 2 and a half hours. The data were analyzed in the framework of grounded theory as mapped out by Strauss & Corbin. The core category in the analysis of the experiences of the families of the seriously ill patients was the process of setting the "distress". In the process of datas analysis, the categories were 19 conceptions-'serious', 'bad', 'fear', 'press', 'hearburn', 'impatient', 'insufficient', 'change of patients' status', 'economic ability', 'family relationship', 'whilled power', 'request', 'direct caring', 'passive effort', 'control', 'receive', 'tired', 'blame'. These categories were again grouped into 12 categories, including 'exigency', 'overwhelming', 'worry', 'change of status', 'economic ability', 'relationship', 'caring will' 'active caring', 'passive response', 'accept', 'exhaustion', 'blame'. In the above mentioned categories, 'overwhelming' and 'worry' were categorized into the "distress!". On the basis of the patterns that have emerged on process of data analysis, the five below were confirmed. (1) When the patient's status is worse and economic ability is bad and the family relation to the patient is close and the distress is expressed with active caring willness is strong, the distress is expressed with active caring and brings about accept and blame. (2) When the family relation to the patient is distant and the distress decrease and the subject's caring willness is weak, the distress is expressed with passive response and brings about accept and exhaustion in spite of the patient's status is worse and bad economic ability. (3) When the patient's status is worse and economic ability is bad and the family relation to the patient is close and the distress increase, the subject's caring willness is strong, the distress is subject's caring willness is strong, the distress is expressed with passive response and brings about accept and exhaustion. (4) When the patient's status is improve and economic ability is good and the distress decrease and the subject's caring willing is strong, the distress is expressed with active caring and brings about accept and blame in spite of the family relation to the patient is close. (5) When the patient's status is improve and economic ability is bad and the family relation to the patient is close and the distress increase, the subject's caring willness is strong, the distress is expressed with active caring and brings about accept and blame.
Family Relations ; Humans ; Nursing ; Statistics as Topic

OBJECTIVE: We report here on two cases of pseudoaneurysms that were diagnosed using computed tomographic angiography (CTA), with one arising in the superficial temporal artery and the other arising in the occipital artery. METHODS: Case 1: A 29-year-old man presented with a slow growing, pulsatile mass on the left side of his forehead following a blow from a fist 10 days earlier. CTA revealed an 11 x 8 x 11-mm oval pseudoaneurysm arising from the frontal branch of the left superficial temporal artery. Case 2 : A 36-year-old man presented with a pulsatile mass in the right suboccipital region that had been present for the past year. He had no history of direct trauma. CTA revealed a 15 x 8 x 13-mm oval dye-filled sac arising from the right occipital artery. RESULTS: Based on the CTA images, the parent arteries were exposed and ligated proximally and distally to the pseudoaneurysms and then they were completely excised. CONCLUSION: CTA is a minimally invasive technique for making the diagnosis of scalp pseudoaneurysms and CTA is also useful for the preoperative planning.
Adult ; Aneurysm, False ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Forehead ; Humans ; Parents ; Scalp ; Temporal Arteries

No abstract available.
Gastrectomy* ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

The cervical spinal injuries may impose a fatal result or permanent neurological disability according to the severity of injury. Authors performed a clinical study consisting of 54 patients who have visited Daejeon Eulji General Hospital for the care of fracture and dislocation of the cervical spine from May 1981 to Jan. 1986, and obtained the following results. 1. The prevalent age distribution was between third and forth decade and the ratio between male and female was 3.5:1 and the most common cause of injury was traffic accident(53.7%). 2. The most common site of injury was CS, 6(22.2%) and the most frequent mechanism of injury was Aexion-rotation type(55.0%). 3. At initial examination, 39 patients(72.2%) had neurological damage and among these, 18 were complete paralysis below the level of injury, 12 were incomplete paralysis, 9 were nerve root injuries. 4. Operative treatment was performed on 24 patients, these were Rogers' posterior fusion on 19 patients, Brooks and Jenkins' atlantoaxial fusion on 3 patients, occipitocervical fusion on 1 patient and excision of hactured fragment on 1 patient. 5. There were no evidences of neurological recovery in completely paralyzed patients, but among incompletely paralyzed and nerve root injured patients, neurological recovery was found in 57.1% of conservatively treated patients and in 71. 4% of operated patients. 6. Radiological stability was found in entire patients who received operative treatment, but, in conservatively treated patients, remained 1 late instability.
Age Distribution ; Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Paralysis ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine

No abstract available.
Dislocations* ; Elbow*