OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Jiawei guiqi tablets.METHODS:Angelicae sinensis and Radix Astragali in the tablets were identified qualitatively by TLC;the content of ferulic acid was determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The TLC spots were distinctive and free from interference of negative control.The linear range of the ferulic acid was 0.135 6～1.356 0 ?g(r=0.999 6) and the average recovery rate was 99.20%(RSD=0.97%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The established standard is suitable for the quality control of Jiawei guiqi tablets.

Objective: To explore the reasonable compatibility of anesthetics in painless small intestinal endoscopy by comparing the influence of different target plasma propofol concentrations combined with remifentanil on anesthesia effects and respiratory and circulatory functions.Methods: Two hundred patients requiring small intestinal endoscopy were randomly divided into 4 groups,Group Ⅰ given 1% propofol only,with the target plasma propofol concentration set at 4.5 ?g/ml,and Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ receiving 30-second injection of remifentanil(0.3 ?g/kg) 1 min before target-controlled infusion(TCI) of propofol,with the target plasma propofol concentration set at 3.0,3.5 and 4.0 ?g/ml,respectively.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),pulse oxygenation(SpO2),induction time,awakening time,orientation recovery time and the incidence of patients' body motion were observed before anesthesia,at the vanishment of the eyelash reflex,while the small intestine endoscope passing through the Treitz ligament or ileoceal valve and after endoscopy.Results: Compared with baseline values,MAP and HR were significantly decreased in all groups when the eyelash reflex vanished,markedly increased in Group Ⅰ,although not so obvious in Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,when the small intestinal endoscope passed through the Treitz ligament or ileoceal valve,and greatly reduced at all time points in Group Ⅳ,with difficult entrance of the small intestine endoscope due to low tension of the intestinal cavity.Comparatively,the induction time was shorter and the awakening time and orientation recovery time were longer in Group Ⅰ,the total dose of propofol and the incidence of body motion notably decreased in Groups Ⅱand Ⅲ,and the incidence of respiratory depression obviously increased in Group Ⅳ.Conclusion: Propofol TCI combined with remifentanil can be used safely and effectively in painless small intestinal endoscopy.Target plasma propofol concentration(3.5 ?g/ml) in combination with remifentanil(0.3 ?g/kg) gives more efficient anesthesia,lower incidence of body motion and respiratory suppression and better recovery.Therefore,it is the suitable anesthetic compatibility in painless small intestinal endoscopy.

Objective: To study the correlation between expression of oncogene C-MYC protein and gene abnormality in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: The expression of C-MYC protein and gene abnormality were detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, in 42 cases of paraffin-embedded DLBCL. All cases were collected at Department of Pathology, Weifang People′s Hospital during January 2015 to October 2016. Results: The positive rate of C-MYC protein expression was 47.6% (20/42) and the rate of abnormal C-MYC gene by FISH was 26.2%(11/42), including translocation (23.8%, 10/42) and gene amplification (2.4%, 1/42). There was a close relationship between the protein expression and gene translocation (χ²=11.813; P=0.001) and gene translocation occurred primarily in GCB (χ²=4.029; P=0.045). Conclusion The high expression (≥40%) of C-MYC protein is associated with its gene translocation, suggesting that C-MYC protein detection can be used as a surrogate marker for C-MYC gene translocation in DLBCL.

Objective To investigate the immune response of the fusions of ovarian carcinoma cells to dendritic cell(DC) transfected with interleukin(IL)-12 gene in vitro. Methods Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor ? were used to generate DC from cord blood in vitro. IL-12 fusion gene was cloned into a eukaryotic vector-pcDNA3.1(+). DC were transfected with IL-12-pcDNA3.1(+) using lipofectamine transfection method and electric transfection method respectively. Then polyethylene glycol mediated the fusion of transfected DC and ovarian carcinoma cells, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was carried out to observe the immune response. Results DC were generated in vitro from cord blood and expressed high levels of costimulatory(50%) and MHC Ⅱ molecules(99%). RT-PCR showed that IL-12-pcDNA3.1(+) had been successfully transfected into DC. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis showed that DC were fused with ovarian carcinoma cells successfully. Then the fusion cells of ovarian carcinoma cells to transfected DC, and the fusions of ovarian carcinoma cells to DC were cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cell respectively. MTT test showed that both fusions could induce cytolytic T cell activity and lysis of ovarian carcinoma cells,and the former effect was stronger. Conclusion The cytolytic T cell activity induced by the fusions of ovarian carcinoma cells to transfected DC is enhanced.

Objective To explore the association between serum amyloid A (SAA) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 148 diabetic subjects were divided into three groups according to C1MT:normal IMT group,IMT incrassation group and arteriosclerosis group.Levels of SAA,25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D],brachial-ankle artery pulse wave velocity (baPWV),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),body mass index (BMI) and blood presure were measured in all groups.The relationship between SAA,CIMT,25 (OH)D,baPWV and other factors was also analyzed.Results Compared to the normal IMT group,levels of FPG,HbA1 c,TC,BMI,SAA and ba-PWV were significantly higher in IMT incrassation group and arteriosclerosis group,while HDL-C and 25 (OH)D were lower.In arteriosclerosis group,levels of BMI,FPG,HbA1 c,SAA and ba-PWV were higher than those in IMT incrassation group,while 25 (OH) D was lower.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of SAA was positively correlated with baPWV,BMI,TC,course of disease and IMT,while it was negatively correlated with HDL-C and 25 (OH)D.Logistic regression analysis of IMT showed that smoking,obesity,high levels of HbAlc,FPG,TC,SAA,low levels of HDL-C and 25 (OH)D may contribute to higher levels of IMT.Conclusions SAA was closely related to carotid atherosclerosis.Further prospective studies will be helpful to explore the influence of SAA on diabetic macroangiopathy.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a rat model for comorbidity of Tourette syndrome and anxiety with empty water bottle stimulation plus iminoodipropionitrile(IDPN) injection.Methods The 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:the blank control group,the TS group,the anxiety group and the comorbidity group.The blank control group was injected with saline for 7 days.The TS groop was injected with 3,3-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) with 250 mg/kg once a day for 7 consecutive days.The anxiety group was given empty water bottle stimulation for 21 consecutive days.The comorbidity group was given empty water bottle stimulation plus IDPN injection.At the end of the 3rd week,the behavioral changes of the stereotyped movement,elevated plus-maze and open field of the rats in each group were measured,and the contents of monoamine neurotransmitters in striatum and hippocampus were determined by HPLC.Results The results of stereotyped movement showed that there was no significant difference between the groups except for the blank control group.The elevated plus-maze test showed that the 0E/TE values of the comorbidity group (21.33±11.35) ％ and the anxiety group (17.68±16.89) ％ were significantly decreased,lower than that of the blank control group (73.24± 19.33) ％ and TS group(61.43±21.84) ％.The results of open field test showed that the total scores of open field in the comorbidity group(15.22±9.87)and anxiety group (11.17±10.76) were lower than that of the blank control group (41.86±33.30) and TS group(48.83± 17.65) (P＜0.01).However,there was no significant difference between the comorbidity group and the anxiety group.The test of monoamine neurotransmitters in striatum showed that the content of HIAA in the comorbidity group(0.03±0.00) ng/mg was the highest,and that of the TS group and anxiety group (0.02±0.00) ng/mg was higher than that of the blank control group (0.01±0.00) ng/mg (P＜0.01).The DA test showed that the content of DA in the comorbidity group (0.03±0.00) ng/mg was the highest,and that of the comorbidity group,TS group(0.02±0.00) ng/mg and anxiety group was higher than that of the blank control group(0.01±0.00) ng/mg (P＜0.01).The expression of 5-HT was most significant among the groups (P＜0.01),and there was significant difference between the anxiety group ((0.011 ± 0.001) ng/mg)and the comorbidity group ((0.014±0.002) ng/mg) (P＜0.01).The expression of HVA in the three model groups ((0.05±0.00) ng/mg) was higher than that in the blank group ((0.02±0.00) ng/mg) (P＜ 0.01).The expression of DOPAC in the TS group ((0.23±0.02) ng/mg) was higher than that in the blank control group((0.16±0.01) ng/mg) and comorbidity group ((0.16±0.02) ng/mg) (P＜0.01).The test of monoamine neurotransmitters in hippocampus showed that the content of 5-HT in the comorbidity group ((0.14±0.02) ng/mg) was the highest,followed by the anxiety group ((0.1 ± 0.03) ng/mg) and the TS group ((0.07±0.04) ng/mg),which were all higher than the blank control group((0.04±0.03) ng/mg) (P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and there were significant differences between the comorbidity group and the TS group or anxiety group (P＜0.01).The expressions of HIAA and HVA were higher in the comorbidity group((0.44±0.04)ng/mg,(0.01±0.00) ng/mg),TS group ((0.46±0.15) ng/mg,(0.01 ±0.01) ng/mg) and anxiety group ((0.46±0.08)ng/mg,(0.01±0.00) ng/mg) than that in the blank control group((0.21±0.10)ng/mg,(0±0) ng/mg) (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study confirms the reliability of the model and it is an ideal animal model for the study of TS with comorbidity of anxiety,which can be used for follow-up research.

Objective To explore the efficacy of glucose excursion by the continuous glucose monitors system (CGMS) in the patients of type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 86 T2DM cases were enrolled. All patients were observed with CGMS for 72 hours. All the indexes were compared between the first day and the third day. Results The 24 h average blood glucose(24 h MBG) levels by insulin dose tendency reduced from (10.7±2.7) mmol/L to (7.9±1.6) mmol/L before the adjustment tendency (P < 0.05); Adjusted days average blood glucose fluctuation (MAGE) tendency reduced from (5.5±1.6)mmol/L to (2.3±1.0) mmol/L tendency (P <0.05);Insulin dose before and after the adjustment blood glucose were significantly decreased as a percentage of the time of PT1(≤3.9 mmol/L tendency)reduced from 0.8%to 0.3%, the PT3 (≥7.8 mmol/L tendency) reduced from (32.7±7.5)%to (14.7±3.1)%(P<0.05);Blood sugar lower than 5 mmol/L tendency for the average frequency reduced from 1.6 times to 0.7 times (P < 0.05). Conclusion Dynamic blood sugar monitoring system can display the extent of T2DM patients blood sugar drift in detail and the trend of more targeted hypoglycemic auxiliary clinician, effective control of blood glucose fluctuation and the occurrence of hypoglycemia, shorten hospitalization time.

OBJECTIVETo understand the dietary consumption of residents in Xiamen and the content of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in food, and to assess the plasticizer exposure risk of diet in Xiamen.

METHODSThe survey was conducted by stratified cluster random sampling method in Xiamen from September to October in 2010. According to the Xiamen administrative division, six neighborhood communities were selected as sampling units, then 25 families were randomly chosen from each sampling units.From the above 150 families, the permanent residents over the age of six were permitted to our study. The survey included 495 residents totally. These participants' information, such as basic personal information, physical activity levels, meal frequency and the average consumption of 33 kinds of food in 13 categories were collected using questionnaires. Thirteen categories included cereal and tubers, beans, vegetables, fungi and algae, fruits, dairy products, meat, seafood, eggs, snacks, beverages, cooking oil and spices. The height and weight of residents were measured and the average daily dietary intake was calculated. Thirty-three kinds of food in 13 categories were collected in supermarkets in Xiamen. According to the annual sales ranking, the top three-five brands of each kinds of food were selected and numbered, then two or three brands were chosen by random number table method from them; three completely individual packed samples in the same batch of each brand were detected; 243 samples were included in our study.100-500 g solid samples or 100-500 ml liquid samples were collected. The content of diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in food were detected by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, which expressed by median (minimum-maximum). The exposure dose, contribution rate and risk index of PAEs were calculated by point estimation method.

RESULTSAccording to the average daily dietary intake of residents in Xiamen, the top three ones in 13 categories of food were cereal and tubers (337.16 g/d, 18.21%), vegetables (309.12 g/d, 16.69%) and fruits (213.20 g/d, 11.51%). The content of DEP, DBP or DEHP among different categories of food was significantly different (χ² values were 58.05, 50.19 and 102.10, P < 0.01). Among 13 categories of food, seafood contained the most DEP (0.090 (0.000-0.324)mg/kg); cooking oil had the most DBP (0.700(0.000-2.980) mg/kg) and DEHP (5.115(0.000-24.160) mg/kg). DEP, DBP and DEHP exposure(0.19, 4.20, 18.10 µg × kg⁻¹ ×d ⁻¹)in dietary food in Xiamen were less than the reference dose(RfD) (800, 100, 20 µg × kg⁻¹ × d⁻¹) proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the risk indexes were 0.02%, 4.20% and 90.50%, respectively. Among 13 categories of foods, seafood was the main source of DEP dietary exposure. The exposure dose and contribution rate of DEP in seafood were 0.18 µg × kg⁻¹ × d⁻¹ and 94.74%, respectively.Vegetables were the main source of DBP and DEHP dietary exposure. The exposure dose and contribution rate of DBP and DEHP were 1.48 µg × kg⁻¹ × d⁻¹, 35.24% and 6.07 µg × kg⁻¹ × d⁻¹, 33.54%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe food consumed by residents in Xiamen was overall in a safe state, but to some extent, there still exists DEHP exposure risk in foods.

China ; Dibutyl Phthalate ; Diet ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Phthalic Acids ; Plasticizers ; Risk Assessment ; Seafood ; United States ; Vegetables

OBJECTIVETo explore the changes in HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load and their correlation in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and HBV-related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC).

METHODSForty-six patients with mild to moderate CHB (CHB-LM), 24 patients with severe CHB (CHB-S), and 28 patients with HBV-LC at admission, and 51 patients with HBV-LC at 4.08 ± 3.06 months during antiviral treatment were tested for serum HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load using Abbott chemiluminescence and fluorescence quantitative PCR, respectively.

RESULTSThe serum HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load gradually decreased with increased disease severity (from CHB-LM, CHB-S to HBV-LC; χ(2)=12.537 and 8.381, respectively, P<0.05). HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load were significantly higher in CHB-LM and CHB-S groups than in HBV-LC group (P<0.05), but comparable between CHB-LM and CHB-S groups (Z=-0.649 and 0.032, respectively, P>0.05). Among HBeAg-positive patients, HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load tended to decrease with increased disease severity (from CHB-LM, CHB-S to HBV-LC; χ(2)=6.146, P=0.046 and χ(2)=1.017, P>0.05; respectively), and CHB-LM group had significantly higher HBsAg titer than HBV-LC group (Z=-2.247, P=0.025). Among the HBeAg-negative patients, serum HBsAg and HBV DNA load gradually declined with the disease severity (χ(2)=8.660 and 13.581, respectively, P<0.05), and were obviously higher in CHB-LM and CHB-S groups than in HBV-LC group (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between serum HBsAg and HBV DNA levels in CHB-LM (r=0.389, P=0.009) and HBV-LC groups (r=0.431, P=0.022), but not in CHB-S group (r=0.348, P=0.104). After antiviral therapy, the serum HBsAg titer was slightly decreased (Z=-1.050, P=0.294) while HBV DNA load markedly reduced (Z=-5.415, P<0.001), showing no correlation between them (r=0.241, P=0.111) or between the measurements before and after treatment (r=0.257, P=0.085).

CONCLUSIONSerum HBsAg titer and HBV DNA load decreases progressively from CHB-LM to CHB-S and HBV-LC in both HBeAg- positive and -negative patients. The serum HBsAg titer is positively correlated with HBV DNA load, but their levels are not consistently parallel.

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; virology ; Viral Load