OBJECTIVETo analyze the literature on power frequency electric field testing data and to propose views and suggestions for current testing.

METHODSThe literature on power frequency electric field testing data published in the previous years was searched to identify 306 articles involving 193 valid testing data. Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon W test were used for analyzing the testing data.

RESULTSThe classification of data was carried out according to one quarter of occupational exposure limit (1.25 kV/m), one half of the exposure limit (2.5 kV/m), and the exposure limit (5 kV/m). The structure of testing data showed a significant difference between the non-power facility group and the power facility group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs occupational hazard factors, the radiation exposure from power frequency electric field is extensive. However, the power frequency electric field testing data in actual workplaces except high-voltage power facilities are far less than the occupational exposure limit with little harmfulness. There is a phenomenon of excessive testing at present.

Objective To study the efficacy and safty of low dose rituximab therapy in elderly patients with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) .Methods 36 elderly patients with chronic refractory ITP were collected from Xingtai People′s Hospital of Hebei ,the patients were given intravenous injection of intravenous rituximab at the dose of 100 mg once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks ,observing the efficacy and adverse reaction and following up for 12 months .Difference of platelet (PLT ) ,white blood cell (WBC) ,cluster differentiation 8 + (CD8 + ) ,CD19 + eukomonocyte number and immunoglobulin (IgG ,IgM ,IgA )were compared before and after treatment .Results The responses of complete remission (CR)were 17 casese(47 .2% ) ,remission (R) were 11 casese (30 .6% ) and no remission (NR) 8 casese (22 .2% ) respectively ,2 patients experienced mild dizziness and chest tightness ;PLT were significantly increased ( P = 0 .001) after treatment ,CD19 + lymphocyte count decreased significantly (P =0 .001) ,WBC ,CD8 + lymphocyte and serum immunoglobulin IgG ,IgM ,IgA showed no significant difference before and after treat-ment(P> 0 .05) .Conclusion Low dose rituximab had better clinical efficacy for the treatment of elderly patients with chronic re -fractory ITP ,low dose rituximab may be a effective treatment in elderly chronic refractory ITP patients with minor adverse reac -tions .

Objective Objective To analysis the clinical curative effect on elderly patients with choledocholithiasis by endoscopic retro-grade cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy ( EST) and discuss its clinical significance. Methods 256 patients with choledocholithiasis were collected for diagnosis and treatment by ERCP. The stone characteristics was mastered by ERCP and the pa-tients were treated with EST. Results Patients with choledocholithiasis were successful in 249 cases (97. 27%) for ERCP intubation and 239 cases (93. 36%) for stone remove. After EST,the stones were removed successfully at one time in 199 cases (83. 26%),2 times in 40 cases (16. 74%). 7 patients (2. 73%) with multiple diverticulum and papillary position poor by intubation failure were changed over to op-eration treatment. After ERCP,patients were performed endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) 64. 44% (154/239). Pull out the drain-age tube of 90. 91% (140/154) of the patients after stones disappeared which was proved by angiography for 3~5 days. 14 cases (9. 09%) were performed second times to remove the stones due to the presence of residual stones. Postoperative complications occured in 15 cases (6. 02%) including 9 cases of acute pancreatitis and 6 cases of infection of biliary tract, and they were cured after 1 week of corresponding treatment. Transient increase of serum amylase occurred in 39 cases, and all of them recoveried after 3 days without special treatment. Con-clusion The results showed that ERCP ( or EST) were well tolerated by elderly patients with choledocholithiasis,and they were of obvious curative effect and quick recovery,which is worthy of promotion and application.

Objective· To investigate the clinical features of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD),and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods· The clinical data of 42 patients with AOSD,including 14 patients with AOSD-induced MAS (the MAS group) and 28 AOSD patients paired by age and sex (the non-MAS group),diagnosed in Department of Rheumatology,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from October 2013 to June 2016 were collected and then retrospectively analyzed.Results· There was no significant difference in age,sex and duration of AOSD between two groups.The mortality rate of patients in MAS group was significantly higher than that of patients in non-MAS group,as well as the rates of rash,splenomegaly and hemophagocytosis.The levels of ALT and serum ferritin in MAS group were higher than those in non-MAS group,while the level of FDP is lower.Glucocorticoids were used in all 42 patients,and the dosage of glucocorticoids was significantly higher in MAS group than non-MAS group.Only 1 patient with AOSD-induced MAS received MTX,the percentage of patients receiving MTX was significantly lower in MAS group than non-MAS group.Five patients with AOSD-induced MAS received IVIG,the percentage of patients receiving IVIG was significantly higher in MAS group than non-MAS group.Two patients with AOSD-induced MAS received VP-16.Conclusion · The mortality rate of patients in MAS group was significantly higher than that of patients in non-MAS group,as well as the rates of rash,splenomegaly and hemophagocytosis.The levels of ALT and serum ferritin in patients with AOSD-induced MAS were higher than patients without MAS,while the level of FDP was lower.Early diagnosis and active treatment is the key point to improve clinical outcome.

Objective To explore and compare the clinical efficacy of levetiracetam tablets and compound sodium valproate sustained release tablets in the treatment of children and adolescents with epilepsy.Methods From April 2017 to April 2018,80 children and adolescents with epilepsy treated in Chaonan Minsheng Hospital of Shantou were selected as study objects,and they were randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots,with 40 cases in each group.The observation group was given levetiracetam tablets,and the control group was treated with valproate.The improvement of EEG after therapy,the total effective rate,and the incidence of adverse reactions were observed and evaluated.Results The EEG improvement rates after treatment for 6 months in the observation group and control group were 41.17％,45.71％,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(x2 =0.508,P ＞0.05).The EEG improvement rates after treatment for 9 months in the observation group and control group were 70.58％,74.28％,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.225,P ＞ 0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group was 92.50％,which was 95.00％ in the control group,the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (x2 =0.354,P ＞ 0.05).However,the incidence rate of adverse reactions of the observation group(22.50％) was significantly lower than that of the control group(45.00％)(x2 =6.864,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both levetiracetam tablets and compound sodium valproate sustained release tablets have appreciable efficacy and safety in the treatment of epilepsy in children and adolescents,but levetiracetam therapy has less adverse reactions,which deserves further promotion in monotherapy of epilepsy in children and adolescents.

Objective:To investigate different sleep duration and glucose and lipid metabolism levels in residents of a community in Urumqi.Methods:Using the 2 049 residents′ data of chronic metabolic disease in a community of Urumqi collected in May 2017, 1 822 subjects aged between 19-80 years with complete information were enrolled, their blood pressure, waist circumference, height, weight, body mass index were measured and recorded. Using oral glucose tolerance test to measure fasting and 2 h after meal plasma glucose, uric acid, HbA 1C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were all tested. Results:(1)There were 363 (19.9%), 1 349 (74.0%), and 110 (6.1%) respondents with sleep time≤6.0, 6.1 to 8.0, and>8.0 h/d, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in age, education, and family income in groups with different sleep time ( P<0.05), while their gender, smoking status, and exercise status were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The rates of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, high uric acid, and hypertension in people with different sleep durations were statistically different ( P<0.01). The rates of the above indicators were higher in the group of sleep time≤6.0 h/d than the other two groups. (2) Differences in diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels were statistically significant among different sleep duration groups ( P<0.05). Further comparisons of the above indicators among three groups with different sleep durations were performed ( P<0.05). The levels of the above indicators in the sleep time≤6.0 h/d group were higher than those in the other two groups. There were no significant differences in fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, triglyceride, and HDL-C among the three groups. (3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that groups whether or not adjusted of age, family income, and education level, sleep time≤6.0 h/d was related to abdominal obesity, and sleep time≤6.0 h/d was be a risk factor for abdominal obesity [Unadjusted: OR=1.48(95% CI1.04-2.08); Adjusted: OR=1.65(95% CI1.18-2.32; P<0.05]. Conclusion:Sleep time ≤6.0 h/d is associated with abdominal obesity, and sleep time≤6.0 h/d may be a risk factor for abdominal obesity.

Objective:To explore the correlation between rs231775 polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) gene and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) of Uygur in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods:A total of 382 Uygur patients with AITD [including 328 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients and 54 Graves' disease (GD) patients] diagnosed in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the case group, and 383 Uygur health physical examiners in the same period were selected as the control group. The whole blood genomic DNA of the study subjects was extracted, and the Sequenom-mass spectrometry analysis platform was used to determine the genotyping of CTLA4 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) locus rs231775 and analyze the genetic model, and the correlation between rs231775 polymorphism and AITD under different genetic models was compared. The logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the influencing factors of AITD. And the thyroid function index of different genotype population was compared.Results:In the case group and the control group, the differences of CTLA4 gene rs231775 alleles (A: 41.88%, 49.35%; G: 58.12%, 50.65%) and genotype frequencies (AA: 17.80%, 23.24%; AG: 48.17%, 52.22%; GG: 34.03%, 24.54%) were statistically significant (χ 2=8.586, 9.260, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the genotype frequency of rs231775 in HT group, the alleles and genotype frequencies of rs231775 in GD group were significantly different (χ 2=5.997, 11.130, 10.210, P < 0.05). Under the additive and dominant models, the CTLA4 gene rs231775 was correlated with AITD [odds ratio ( OR)=0.67, 0.55, 0.63] and HT ( OR=0.69, 0.62, 0.67, P < 0.05); and correlated with GD under the additive, dominant and recessive genetic models ( OR=0.53, 0.23, 0.44, 0.34, P < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that genotype, gender, age, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT 4) were independent influencing factors of AITD ( P < 0.05). Among all the subjects, the level of thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb) in the population with the recessive genotype (GG) at the rs231775 of the CTLA4 gene was higher than that in the dominant genotype (AA+AG) population ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The CTLA4 gene rs231775 polymorphism is significantly related to AITD of Uygur in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the level of TgAb in GG genotype is higher than that in other genotypes.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics, endoscopic manifestations, complications and related risk factors of button battery ingestion in 58 children, thus providing the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The medical data of 58 children with button battery ingestion were collected and researched at Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from September 2015 to September 2020.The demographic information, battery impaction location, duration, symptoms, mucosal injury level, battery size, treatment, complications and follow-up results were analyzed.Results:The average age of the patients with button battery ingestion was (25.7±15.4)months, including 40 boys(68.9%). The average retention time of the battery in digestive tract was 13.8(2, 96) h. Vomiting, salivation, dysphagia, cough and fever were the common chief complaints.There were 29(50.0%) cases of grade I mucosal injury, as well as 14(24.1%) cases, 10(17.2%) cases and 10(17.2%) cases for grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ, respectively.Additionally, common complications included esophageal stenosis, esophageal perforation and esophageal-tracheal fistula.Logistic regression analysis showed that location(esophagus) and diameter(≥15 mm) of battery incarceration were important predictors of complications.Conclusion:The degree of mucosal damage is associated with the diameter and impaction location of battery.The button battery embedded in the esophagus is prone to complications, while the ones retained in the stomach were not vulnerable to serious complications.Endoscopy and other related examinations should be performed again in 1 to 3 weeks after the button removal to determine the outcome of complications and to intervene in time.

Objective:To investigate the correlation of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of thyroid peroxidase(TPO)and thyroglobulin(Tg)genes with Hashimoto′s thyroiditis(HT).Methods:Based on the gene mutation sites obtained from the second-generation sequencing of the target region of the previous autoimmune thyroid disease cases in our research group, the representative sites were selected for confirming in the expanded samples. A total of 301 Uyghur patients with HT and 383 controls were selected to determine the genotypes of representative SNPs(rs4927631, rs2071400, rs2071403, rs2403883, rs4236899, rs4736434, rs180195)using MassArry Sequenom platform. Correlation analysis and linkage analysis were performed with SPSS 21.0 software.Results:(1)The SNP rs4927631 gene frequency and genotype of TPO gene were significantly different between the case and control groups. The SNP rs2071403 gene frequency of TPO gene revealed statistically different between the case and control groups.(2)With analysis under different genetic models, the rs4927631 and rs2071403 of TPO gene were associated with HT under the additive model(AA/GG)and dominant model( P<0.05). The rs180195 of Tg gene was associated with HT in a recessive model( P<0.05). (3)All subjects were grouped according to the dominant genotype(AA+ GA)and recessive genotype(GG)of the TPO gene rs2071403, and mean age, gender distribution, proportion of those with higher TSH, and lower FT 4 were compared between two groups. Only thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) level displayed a statistical difference( P<0.05). This was the case for the patients with HT after grouped according to the above method( P<0.05). Conclusion:The rs4927631 and rs2071403 loci of TPO gene are associated with the pathogenesis of HT in Xinjiang Uygur.

Objective: To detect the expression of non-coding RNA snord105b in gastric cancer (GC) tissues, sera and cell lines, and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC as well as its effect on the proliferation of GC cells. Methods: One hundred and twenty pairs of GC tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues from patients, who underwent surgery at Department of Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between 2016 and 2017, were collected for this study. The presurgical sera samples from GC patients (n=50) and peripheral venous blood samples from healthy donors (n=30), as well as five gastric cancer cell lines (SGC-7901, AGS, MGC-803, BGC-823, HGC-27) and gastric mucosa normal epithelial GES-1 cells were also obtained. qPCR assay was adopted to detect the expression of snord105b in GC tissues, sera and cell lines. The correlation between snord105b and patients’clinicopathological features was investigated. MTS assay was adopted to detect the effect of snord105b silence or over-expressionon in vitro proliferation of four GC cells. Results: qPCR assay demonstrated that the expression of snord105b in GC tissues, sera and cell lines were significantly higher than that of para-cancerous tissues, sera from healthy donors and GES-1 cells (all P< 0.05). Expression level of snord105b was obviously associated with age,tumor size, differentiation and TNM stages of patients (all P<0.05). MTS assay demonstrated that knockdown of snord105b could suppress the proliferation of GC cells (P< 0.05), while forced-expression of snord105b could promote the proliferation of GC cells (P< 0.05). Conclusion: non-coding RNA snord105b aberrantly expressed in GC tissues, sera, and cells, and its expression was obviously correlated with patients’age, tumor size, differentiation and TNM stages. Snord105b could significantly promote the proliferation of GC cells, which may be used as a potential clinical biomaker for early diagnosis and prognosis of GC.