OBJECTIVETo investigate the tissue distribution of the diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) in solid lipid nanoparticles loaded garlic oil (GO-SLN) in rats.

METHODThe gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) method was established to determined the DADS and DATS simultaneously in the biological samples of rats after administration of 0.5 mL garlic oil injection or GO-SLN (containing about 10 mg garlic oil) via jugular vein cannula. The conditions for gas chromatographic separation were as follows. The oven temperature was set at 110 degrees C and maintained for 15 min. Temperatures at the injection port and detector were 180 degrees C and 300 degrees C, respectively. Ultra-pure nitrogen (purity > 99.999%, Shenyang Kerui Special Gases Co. Ltd., China) was used as a carrier gas and made-up gas at flow-rates of 1 mL x min(-1) and 60 mL x min(-1), respectively. All injections were carried out in the split injection mode with a split ratio of 1:10.

RESULTThe GC-ECD method was fit for determing the concentration of DADS and DATS in garlic oil. The distribution character of GO-SLN in rats had changed to some extent and the concentration of GO-SLN in tissues was higher than that of GO-Injection.

CONCLUSIONThe SLN can elevate the passive targeting of drugs and lengthen their action time in tissues.

Allyl Compounds ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Disulfides ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Garlic ; chemistry ; Male ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sulfides ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics

The source of recombinant collagen is clean, and it has the advantages of flexible sequence design, high yield and high purity, so it has a wide application prospect as biomaterials in tissue engineering and other fields. However, how to promote the cross-linking of recombinant collagen molecules and make them form a more stable spatial structure is the difficulty to be overcome in the design of recombinant collagen nanomaterials. Unnatural amino acid O-(2-bromoethyl)-tyrosine was incorporated into collagen by two-plasmid expression system. The results showed that high-purity collagen incorporated with unnatural amino acid could be obtained by induction with final concentration of 0.5 mmol/L IPTG and 0.06% arabinose at 25 °C for 24 hours. The intermolecular cross-linking through thioether bond was formed between collagen molecule incorporated with unnatural amino acid and collagen molecule with cysteine mutation in pH 9.0 NH4HCO3 buffer, which formed aggregates with the largest molecular size up to 1 micrometre. The results pave the way for the design of recombinant collagen biomaterials.
Amino Acids ; Biocompatible Materials ; Collagen/genetics* ; Sulfides

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University treated a patient with oral sulfur mixture poisoning on January 14, 2020. The patient presented with cyanosis and disturbance of consciousness as the first manifestations, accompanied by metabolic acidosis, shock, hypercalcemia and severe liver function and myocardial damage. The patient was given active treatment, including gastric lavage, blood purification, methylene blue application, correction of shock, organ support and other therapies. However the treatment was poor. Finally, the patient's family chose to give up and requested to be discharged from the hospital, and the patient died on the same day after follow-up.
Calcium Compounds ; Humans ; Poisoning/therapy* ; Sulfides

Lime sulfur is a common bactericide with strong alkalinity, and is highly corrosive to humans and animals. It is rare for lime sulfur poisoning clinically. This article discusses the clinical manifestations of a patient who was poisoned by oral lime sulfur. After the poisoning, the mucosa of the lips and pharynx broke, fever, and pulmonary inflammation quickly appeared. The pulmonary CT showed slight interstitial changes in both lungs. Through high flow oxygen inhalation, fluid infusion, drainage, maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, protection of important organ functions, and other symptomatic support and treatment, as well as control of blood pressure, blood sugar, maintenance of circulatory function and other targeted measures, the patient's condition gradually improved.
Animals ; Humans ; Calcium Compounds ; Sulfides ; Poisoning

Administration, Oral ; Calcium Compounds ; poisoning ; Humans ; Sulfides ; poisoning

Realgar is a mineral traditional medicine with definite efficacy. The function of realgar is detoxicating, insecticiding, eliminating dampness and phlegm, etc. It is widely applied in clinical practice by compatibility medicines. However, the safety and scientificalness of clinical application are questioned because of the toxic effect caused by arsenic compounds. At present, there are still many problems in the research of realgar, which are mainly manifested in three areas: the expression of main components and effective substances are inconsistent; the anti-tumor mechanism is difficult to explain at the molecular level; the mechanism of compatibility is not clear. As a result, realgar and realgar-containing Chinese patent medicines are frequently prohibited from entering the international market, and the reputation of traditional Chinese medicine is also damaged. This paper would analyze the research status of realgar at home and abroad as well as its problems from its main components, effective substances, anti-tumor mechanism and compatibility mechanism. In view of these difficulties, quantum chemical calculation method is proposed to solve them, so as to make up for the shortcomings and limitations of experimental technology and experimental conditions, reduce the cost of realgar research and improve research efficiency. Moreover, it provides inspiration for research of other mineral medicine.
Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Minerals ; Sulfides ; pharmacology

Allyl sulfur compounds play a major role in the chemoprevention against carcinogenesis. The present study compared the antiproliferative effects of diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS) and garlic extract on p53-wild type H460 and p53-null type H1299 non small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). The DAS and DADS treatment of both H460 and H1299 cells resulted in the highest numbers of cells in apoptotic state as measured by acridine orange staining, however, garlic extract treatment did not induce any significant apoptotic cells by MTT assay. DADS was found to be more effective in inducing apoptosis on NSCLC. The level of p53 protein in H460 cell was increased following DADS treatment. DAS and garlic extract treatment of H460 cells induced a rise in the level of Bax and a fall of Bcl-2 level. These results demonstrate that DAS, DADS and garlic extract are effective in reduction of anti-proliferative gene in NSCLC and suggest that modulation of apoptosis-associated cellular proteins by DAS, DADS and garlic extract may be the mechanism for apoptosis which merit further investigation as potential chemoprevention agents.
Allyl Compounds/pharmacology* ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Disulfides/pharmacology* ; Garlic* ; Human ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Protein p53/biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/biosynthesis ; Sulfides/pharmacology* ; Toxicity Tests ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

No abstract available.
Disulfiram*

No abstract available.
Disulfiram*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of garlic oil (GO) on n-hexane metabolized to 2, 5-hexanedione (2, 5-HD) in mice.

METHODSAdult healthy Kunming-mice were treated with n-hexane and GO. The serum was obtained and extracted with ethyl acetate, and the levels of the serum 2, 5-HD were determined by gas chromatography.

RESULTS(1) The concentration of 2, 5-HD in serum increased firstly after a single exposure to n-hexane (4 000 mg/kg). The peak value occurred at 10 hours after n-hexane treatment, but could hardly be detected at 20 h. (2) There was no 2, 5-HD in serum of control mice. The content of 2, 5-HD in serum increased along with the exposure dose of n-hexane. The serum 2, 5-HD contents of the 2000, 4000 and 6000 mg/kg groups mice were 8.04, 16.68 and 22.38 microg/ml at 8 h in pretreated mice, respectively, and showed significant dose-effect relationship. (3) When the different age mice were exposed to the same dose of n-hexane, the contents of 2, 5-HD in serum were significantly different after 8 hours (P<0.05). The serum 2, 5-HD level of the 5 weeks old mice (22.83 microg/ml) was much higher than the 4 (19.59 microg/ml) and 6 (16.42 microg/ml) weeks old mice. (4) When the different gender mice were exposed to the same dose of n-hexane, the concentration of 2, 5-HD in serum of female mice (13.22 microg/ml) was higher than that of the female mice (10.34 microg/ml, P<0.05). (5) GO significantly inhibited the increase of the serum 2, 5-HD levels of both the pretreatment and post-treatment groups treated with 80 mg/kg n-hexane respectively, but the pretreatment with GO exhibited the more suppressive effects than the post-treatment (P>0.05). Compared with the n-hexane group, the concentrations of serum 2, 5-HD in GO-pretreated groups mice decreased by 16.2%, 20.8%, 22.8% (P<0.05) and 32.1% (P<0.01), respectively, and showed significant dose-effect relationship.

CONCLUSIONThe serum content of 2, 5-HD, the metabolite of n-hexane, is different in different genders and age mice after exposed to the same dose of n-hexane. GO can effectively inhibit the production of n-hexane metabolized to 2, 5-HD in mice serum.

Allyl Compounds ; chemistry ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; drug effects ; Female ; Hexanes ; pharmacokinetics ; Hexanones ; blood ; Male ; Mice ; Sulfides ; chemistry