No abstract available.
Amylases* ; Child* ; Encephalitis, Arbovirus* ; Humans

PURPOSE: After recent epidemics of measles in Korea, Korean Pediatric Society recommended 2 dose measles vaccination schedule instead of 1 dose since 1991. However, the studies that supported the modification of vaccination schedule were insufficient yet. This study was performed to evaluate the vaccination efficacy of 1 dose and 2 dose vaccination. METHODS: One dose vaccination group consisted of 19 infants(mean: 13.5 months of age) and two dose vaccination group consisted of 17 infants(mean: 20.4 months of age). We measured the serum level of measles specific IgG antibody in vaccinated infants during 2 to 8month after vaccination using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference between one dose and two dose vaccination group in measles specific IgG antibody level(479+/-203AU/ml vs. 442+/-119AU/ml). 2) There was no significant difference between one dose and two dose vaccination in seropositivity of measles specific IgG antibody(94.7% vs. 88.2%). 3) Seropositivity of measles specific IgG antibody in all subjects has gradually decreased after vaccination and it was not related to the dose of vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that two dose vaccination of measles is not effective than one dose. Therefore, to confirm the current vaccination schedule of measles in Korea, more studies about effective method of vaccination should be performed.
Appointments and Schedules ; Child* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Infant* ; Korea ; Measles* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Listeria* ; Listeriosis* ; Mice*

Split-lid excision with or without levator hitching has been experienced in the correction of mild to moderate blepharoptosis in 18 lids in 15 patients. 12 patients were unilateral and 3 patients were bilateral. Split level resection was performed in cases of levator function of more than 7mm, whereas 5-6mm of levator function was addressed with additional levator hitching as described by Mustarde. In patients with a moderate degree of ptosis, the authors split the lid vertically into two layers and resected a horizontal block of full-thickness upper eyelid at two different levels. Most of the tarsal plate with its overlying conjunctiva was removed from one layer and, at a higher site, a corresponding amount of skin and orbicularis from the other. In patients with more severe degree of ptosis, the authors achieved levator complex shortening by folding some of the levator complex upward on itself after split-lid excision procedure. Undercorrection was seen in 4 lids, and lid lag on downward gaze was observed in 6 lids. In contrast, overcorrection or significant lagophthalmos at primary gaze could not be seen. Except for lid edema which abated during the ensuing several months, troublesome complication was not observed. It can be safely said from this that split-lid excision technique with or without levator hitching is a reasonable option in the correction of mild to moderate forms of blepharoptosis.
Blepharoptosis ; Conjunctiva ; Edema ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Mustard Plant ; Skin

No abstract available.
Thorax*

Invasive mole is a malignant form of hydatidiform mole and can be seen occasionally. It invades the myometrium, adjacent structures and metastasizes distantly. It can initially appear with symptoms of the respiratory, genitourinary system, or rarely intraperitoneal hemorrhage. However, reports of invasive mole initially presenting symptom of brain metastasis is rare and is occasionally found at autopsy. We report a case of invasive mole which had metastasized to the brain and lung and initially presented with symptoms of brain metastasis.
Animals ; Autopsy ; Brain* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive* ; Lung ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pregnancy ; Urogenital System

PURPOSE: We compared the underlying or associated diseases according to the frequency of platelet transfusions in neonates with thrombocytopenia to know the factors predicting which patients will require multiple platelet transfusions. We also compared mortality. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in 72 neonates who received the platelet transfusions in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) between August 1996 and July 2001. Group I received one platelet transfusion and group II received two or more. We compared the frequency of underlying or assodiated diseases such as sepsis/disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC), respiratory distress syndrome(RDS), intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), liver or renal disease, and mortality between two groups. RESULTS: Of the 72 patients, 29(40.2%) received one and 43(59.7%) received two or more transfusions; 16(22.2%) received four or more. There were no statistically significant differences in gestational age, birth weight, sex, and maternal history between two groups. C-section rate was higher in group II(20.7% vs. 55.8%, P<0.05) and the incidence of PDA was higher in group I (55.2% vs. 30.2%, P<0.05). Otherwise, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of sepsis/DIC, RDS, IVH, RDS, CLD, NEC, liver or renal disease, pulmonary hemorrhage and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and mortality between group I and group II. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in clinical morbidity and mortality according to the frequency of platelet transfusion in neonates with thrombocytopenia. Further study is needed to know the predicting factor for multiple platelet transfusions in neonates with thrombocytopenia.
Birth Weight ; Blood Platelets* ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Liver ; Lung Diseases ; Mortality ; Platelet Transfusion* ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombocytopenia*

OBJECTIVES: SCC Ag(Squamous cell carcinoma antigen) is so far the most useful tumor marker in assisting clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer and follow-up after therapy. Elevated levels of cytokeratin 19-fragments(CYFRA 21-1) have recently been detected in large proportion of patients with non small cell cancer of the lung, and in particular those with squamous cell carcinoma. This study is to assess the clinical efficacy of CYFRA 21-1 with SCC Ag as the clinicopathologic parameter in cervical cancer. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the serum tumor markers CYFRA 21-1 & SCC Ag in eighty cervical cancer patients was performed. RESULTS: Cut off values for SCC Ag & CYFRA 21-1 were 1.94 ng/ml, 3.11 ng/ml respectively. Using the cut-off point, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value(NPV) of serum SCC were 55, 95, 97, 46%, respectively. Serum CYFRA 21-1 showed a sensitivity of 45%, specificity of 91%, PPV of 87%, and NPV of 55%. The combination of SCC and CYFRA 21-1 increased the sensitivity to 62%, with a specificity, PPV, and NPV of 72, 75, 58%. Serum levels of both markers were compared with tumor stage, lesion size and were significantly related. In FIGO stage Ib-IIa, the serum levels of SCC Ag & CYFRA were 2.2+/-3.9, 2.5+/-3.6 ng/ml and in FIGO stage IIb-IV, 12.2+/-15.2, 10.8+/-11.2 ng/ml. In < or =4cm of lesion size the serum levels of SCC Ag & CYFRA were 3.3+/-9.0, 4.5+/-7.6 ng/ml and in >4cm of lesion size, 11.8+/-11.9, 7.7+/-9.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: These data seems to show that serum CYFRA 21-1 may be of additional value in assessing the state of disease in some patients with cervical cancer. The prediction of recurrent cervical cancer with SCC Ag were improved by the combination with CYFRA 21-1 but further investigation is needed.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratins ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Various vascularized flaps have been used for oral reconstruction after ablative cancer surgery. Among these, the radial forearm flap, rectus abdominis flap and anterolateral thigh perforator flap are the most popular options. In cases of tongue and mouth floor reconstruction, radial forearm fasciocutaneous flap has been the empirical choice for many years. However, it often carries cosmetic and functional problems on the donor site and limitations in flap size and volume. Considering these drawbacks, the anterolateral thigh perforator flap could be a good alternative. Generally, anterolateral thigh perforator flap has been used for tongue reconstruction due to the favorable flap thickness compared to the radial forearm flap. Furthermore, if a thin flap should be required solely for lining purpose, the flap thickness can be controlled through thinning procedures without circulatory compromise. For large composite tissue defects after cancer ablation surgery, the flap can be designed in a 3-dimensional plane and used for volumetric reconstruction as well as for adequate lining. Between September 2002 and September 2003, the authors used 15 anterolateral thigh perforator flaps for reconstruction of oropharyngeal defects after cancer ablation surgery in 15 patieints and analyzed the clinical data acquired retrospectively. Based on the results, we propose the indications and drawbacks of the anterolateral thigh flap in oropharyngeal reconstruction.
Forearm ; Humans ; Mouth Floor ; Mouth* ; Perforator Flap* ; Rectus Abdominis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thigh* ; Tissue Donors ; Tongue

PURPOSE: With the development of neonatal intensive care and the increased use of systemic antibiotics, candida sepsis has become one of the most important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and its associated risk factors. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 28 cases with candida sepsis who were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Chonnam University Hospital from July 1995 to June 2001. Twenty-nine patients without candida sepsis were enrolled for the control group to verify the risk factors. RESULTS: The overall incidence of candida sepsis was 0.61% for all NICU admissions and 3.68% for all very low birth weight infants with the gradual increase of the annual prevalance rate over time. The endotracheal intubation, percutaneous central vein catheter(PCVC), umbilical vein catheter, total parenteral nutrition, intralipid and dopamine were more applied than the control group (P<0.01 for all). The durations of mechanical ventilator care, central catheter appliance, nothing per os, and admission were also significantly longer than the control group(P<0.01 for all). Ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime, amikacin, netilmicin, teicoplanin and imipenem/cilastatin were significantly more used than the control group(P<0.05). The durations of ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime, netilmicin and imipenem/cilastatin administration were also proved to be significant as the risk factors(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The average annual prevalence rate of candida sepsis in NICU for six years was 0.61% with gradual increasing tendency over time. The elimination of the above risk factors is important in decreasing neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with candida sepsis.
Amikacin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Candida* ; Catheters ; Ceftazidime ; Dopamine ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Intensive Care, Neonatal* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Jeollanam-do ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Netilmicin ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Prevalence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sepsis* ; Teicoplanin ; Umbilical Veins ; Veins ; Ventilators, Mechanical