Osteochondrodysplasia is a heterogeneous group of disorders appearing short limbed dwarfism. Because many of these entities are lethal and hereditary, an accurate diagnosis is mandatory. The purpose of this study is to define the clinicopathologic features and radiologic findings of osteochondrodysplasia. We reviewed 29 autopsy cases of congenital short limbed dwarfism, consisting of thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) (12 cases), osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) (12 cases), asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia (ATD) (3 cases), short-rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS) (1 case) and hypochondrogenesis (1 case). The gestational age ranged from 16 to 41 weeks. Of 6 fetuses that were born alive, 3 were ATD, 2 were TD and 1 was hypochondrogenesis. TD was frequently complicated by hydramnios. Of 8 cases studied chromosomally, only 1 showed chromosomal abnormality -46XY, inv 9. Intrauterine growth retardation was frequently associated with OI. Pulmonary hypoplasia was present in 23 cases (79%), including all cases of ATD, SRPS and hypochondrogenesis, 11 in TD and 7 in OI. Other associated anomalies were present in 17 cases (59%).
Autopsy* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnosis ; Dwarfism ; Extremities ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Osteochondrodysplasias* ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Polyhydramnios ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of a comprehensive education program on knowledge, self-efficacy for self-management, and coping style among newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer. METHODS: This study used a one group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from April to September, 2010 at a cancer-specific hospital in Goyang, Korea. One hundred forty three women received a comprehensive education program consisting of 3 sessions composed of 8 themes was conducted by several experts (nurses, doctors, dietitians and clinical psychologists) for 3.5 hours a day for 3 days (1 day before and 2 days after the operation). RESULTS: This study showed that knowledge and self-efficacy for self-management significantly increased after education (p<.001). In terms of coping style, however, only the subscale, 'anxious preoccupation', significantly improved (p=.001) among 5 subscales of coping style after education. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive education program for newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer was effective for increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy for self-management of breast cancer, in addition to decreasing the coping style of 'anxious preoccupation'. However, it did not improve other coping style. Therefore, other strategies for improving coping style are needed.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Arthritis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify symptom clusters in patients with breast cancer and to investigate the associations among them with functional status and quality of life (QOL). METHODS: A convenient sample of 303 patients was recruited from an oncology-specialized hospital. RESULTS: Two distinct clusters were identified: A gastrointestinal-fatigue cluster and a pain cluster. Each cluster significantly influenced functional status and QOL. Based on these two clusters, we identified subgroups of symptom clusters using K-means cluster analysis. Three relatively distinct patient subgroups were identified in each cluster: mild, moderate, and severe group. Disease-related factors (i.e., stage, metastasis, type of surgery, current chemotherapy, and anti-hormone therapy) were associated with these subgroups of symptom clusters. There were significant differences in functional status and QOL among the three subgroups. The subgroup of patients who reported high levels of symptom clusters reported poorer functional status and QOL. CONCLUSION: Clinicians can anticipate that breast cancer patients with advanced stage, metastasis, and who receive mastectomy, and chemotherapy will have more intense gastrointestinal-fatigue or pain symptoms. In order to enhance functional status and QOL for patients with breast cancer, collective management for symptoms in a cluster may be beneficial.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was investigate the relationships among perceived social support, instrumental support needs, and depression of healthy, community dwelling elderly women. METHOD: This study was designed to examine whether the perceived social support and instrumental support were correlated with depression in elderly women. Data were cross-sectional and community- dwelling elderly individuals. The subject was 98 elderly women recruited from Elderly Welfare Center and Community center for Elderly. The instruments for this study were Personal Resource Questionnaire-part II, Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form), and Instrumental Support Activities Checklist. Data were gathered by means of structured personal interviews. The internal consistency of the instruments was relatively good. RESULT: The participants' perceived social support was moderately high and instrumental support needs was low. Depression was mild and moderate relatively. The correlation analysis showed that the perceived social support was negatively related to depression and negatively related with instrumental support needs. CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that more perceived social support, less their depressive symptom in elderly women. It also revealed that the age, marital status, and socioeconomic status of elderly women also are important indicator of the elderly depression. Therefore nursing assessment and the design of intervention that incorporate the determinants supported in this study, such as perceived social support of the elderly women are needed in adopting and maintain health promoting lifestyle for the mental health and effective functioning in later life in women.
Aged* ; Checklist ; Depression* ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Marital Status ; Mental Health ; Nursing Assessment ; Social Class

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effect of postpartum exercise on mental health. Mental health comprises a 9 symptom dimension of Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, and Psychoticism. METHOD: A non-equivalent pre-test, post-test control group study was conducted. Fifty-two puerperal women who were admitted to a postpartum ward of a mother-baby clinic in Pusan were recruited; 26 women were assigned to the experimental group and 26 women to the control group. Postpartum exercise was applied to the experimental group from postpartum day 3 for a period of 8 weeks while no exercise program was applied to the control group. Mental health with SCL-90-R was measured before and after exercise. Data was analyzed using mean, x2-test, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS 10.0. RESULT: The mental health status in the exercise group did not show a statistically significant decrease when compared to that of the control group. CONCLUSION: There is no effect of postpartum exercise on women's mental health during the first 8 weeks of the postpartum period. Further studies are needed for randomized clinical trials with a larger sample size.
Anxiety ; Busan ; Depression ; Female ; Hostility ; Humans ; Mental Health* ; Postpartum Period* ; Sample Size

From January 2007 to June 2012, 55 autopsy cases were reviewed, in which death occurred outside the hospital and the patients were declared dead on arrival at the emergency departments, in order to compare the clinical and postmortem examination diagnoses of death-on-arrival patients in tertiary hospitals in Busan, Yangsan and Ulsan city. Of 22 non-traumatic deaths, 21 occurred from natural causes and 1 from unknown cause (sudden infant death syndrome, SIDS). Clinical diagnoses were cardiovascular diseases or "non-traumatic" / "unknown" while autopsy diagnoses were majorly cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary artery diseases (72.7%). Of 33 unnatural deaths, the cause of death was blunt trauma in 4 patients, sharp-force injury in 6, falling in 10, gunshot injury in 1, traffic accidents in 3, asphyxia in 2, drowning in 2, fire-related death in 1, and intoxication in 4. There were no definite discrepancies between clinical and autopsy diagnoses, except for 5 non-traumatic deaths and 2 unnatural deaths. These results suggest that the role of the emergency department may be crucial in postmortem investigations.
Accidents, Traffic ; Asphyxia ; Autopsy ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cause of Death ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Drowning ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Infant ; Tertiary Care Centers

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was the development and validation of knowledge scale for patients with breast cancer (KS-Br) in Korea. METHODS: The process included the construction of a conceptual framework, generation of preliminary items, and the test of validity and reliability of the scale. Thirty-seven items were developed through an evaluation process by 10 experts and 24 items were finally confirmed through item analysis. Psychometric testing was performed with a convenient sample of 303 women with breast cancer. The data was analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and calculation of KR-20. RESULTS: Participants averaged 70.8% correct on the test. The KS-Br has 24 items consisting of 5 categories: incidence of breast cancer, diagnosis and treatment, symptom management, sexuality, and maintenance of daily life. Validity was supported by the use of content validity, known-group technique, and criterion-related validity. Women who had undergone education intervention scored significantly higher than women who had not (p<.001). KS-Br scores were significantly correlated with those of Mishel's Illness Uncertainty Scale (r=-.214, p<.001). Internal consistency of the KS-Br was appropriate (KR20=.805). CONCLUSION: This study reveals that the KS-Br is reliable and valid scale to measure the knowledge of breast cancer. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized to assess the knowledge of patients with breast cancer regarding their disease.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sexuality ; Uncertainty

Cranial fasciitis is a rare fibroblastic tumor which shows a predilection for the scalp of young children. We present a child with a rapidly growing mass and lytic skull lesion which on pathologic evaluation was diagnosed as cranial fasciitis. Histologically this lesion was identical to nodular fasciitis which was typically found in the trunk and extremities of adults. Cranial fasciitis is unique in that it may present as a lytic lesion in the skull, but this disease entity is not widely known to pathologists and radiologists, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of fibroblastic lesion occurring in the cranium of young children.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Fasciitis* ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Scalp ; Skull