Although recently, there have been introduced many new diagnostic tools such as renal scanning and renogram, intravenous urogram remains to be one of the most useful method of urological diagnosis. Therefore it seems warranted to review 363 cases of intravenous urograms performed in the department of urology, St. Mary's hospital, Catholic Medical College during the period of January, 1962 to June, 1964. Among others, especial attention was paid to 60 cases of nonvisualizing kidneys. Of 60 nonvisualizing kidneys, renal tuberculosis occupied 27 cases(45%); ureteral and renal stones 13(21.6%); hydronephrosis 9(15%) (metastatic carcinoma 6(10%)and surgical manipulation 3(5%); Wilms' tumor 5 (8.3%) chronic atrophic pyelonephritis 3(5%) ; One case each of renal cell carcinoma, cystic kidney and thrombosis of the renal artery. Inasmuch as the present study revealed renal tuberculosis to be the most common cause of nonvisualizing kidneys, it is felt that one should always consider the possibility of tuberculosis in the diagnosis of nonvisualizing kidneys in Korea. This fact should be stressed because nontuberculous pathology such as chronic pyelonephritis has been implicated to be the most frequent cause of nonvisualizing kidneys by American authors.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Diagnosis ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Pathology ; Pyelonephritis ; Radiography* ; Renal Artery ; Thrombosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urology ; Wilms Tumor

Transient synovitis of the hip in children is a non-specific inflammatory and self-limited condition. It is also the most common cause of painful hip in children under ten years of age. Despite of the benign prognosis, there are many difficulties in distinguishing it from other diseases of the hip joint. It remains a common diagnostic problem for clinician because the clinical symptoms, physical findings, and conventional radiography is not pathognomonic of the condition. The authors paid attention to the increase of effusion in the affected hip and studied the value of the hip ultrasonography in 24 cases of transient synovitis from August 1985 to July 1987. The results are summerized as follows : 1. The ratio of male to female was 7 to 1, average age was 7.9 yrs, average hospitalization period was 4.5 days. 2. In simple X-ray studies, no bony change was detectable except for soft tissue signs in 68% of the cases. 3. Capsule-to-bone distance in sagittal ultrasonographic section revealed abnormal increase in 87.5% of the affected hip. 4. Average capsule-to-bone distance of affected hip joint was 7.50 mm, while that of the normal hip was 4.26 mm. 5. As shown in the above studies, ultrasonography can be considered good noninvasive technique in detection and follow-up of hip effusion. So, it is thought to be a valuable method in the diagnosis of transient synovitis of the hip in children.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Radiography ; Synovitis ; Ultrasonography

Dermabrasion involves the removal of the epidermis and the upper dermis by means of a motor-driven rotary abrasive instrument or a brush using ethyl chloride or dichlorotetrafluoroethane(Freon) as the evaporative refrigerant-anesthetic. Kurtin(1952) developed this refrigeration-abrasion method and named it skin planing. The technique of skin planing was introduced to Korea in early 1960s and it was extensively used for corrective surgery of scar induced by small pox until early 1970s. The indication for dermabrasion includes correction of scars, prophylaxis and correction of aging of the skin, removal of congenital nevoid anomalies, malignant and benign skin tumors, tattoos and others. The authors dermabased the cutaneous lesions of xeroderma pigmentosum, angiofibroma (adenoma sebaseum), nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn, epidermal verrucous nevus and linear porokeratosis, using Stryker' pneumatic powered dermabrader, with successful results. The technique of dermabrasion and the literature were briefly reviewed.
Aging ; Angiofibroma ; Cicatrix ; Dermabrasion* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Ethyl Chloride ; Korea ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn ; Porokeratosis ; Skin ; Skin Diseases* ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

It has been increasingly clear that the defence against Mycobacterium leprae(M. leprae) appears mainly to depend on cell-mediated rather than humoral immune mechanism. Nevertheless, the M. leprae is not only capable of producing specific humoral antibody, but also stimulating the formation of a variety of autoantibodies, since mycobacteria are known to exert adjuvant effect. Although the exact role of the autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of leprosy is not known, it is remarkable that the prevalence of autoantibodies has been reported different by several investigators, suggesting the possibility of geographical or racial difference. This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of some autoantibodies in Korean patients with leprosy. Eighty patients with leprosy registered at the Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital entered this study from February, 1977 through October, 1978, The diagnosis was made by clinical, histological, bacteriological and immunological assessments and the patients were classified according to the Ridley-Jopling scale. All patients were under anti leprosy chemotherapy with DDS (Diaminodiphenylsulfone) for various periods at the time of study. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test was performed in 80 patients and the sera displaying reactive VDRL were subjected to re-examination by Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutinin Assay (TPHA). Rbeumatoid factor was sought by means of latex fixation test in 66 patients. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was detected by means of latex agglutination reaction in 61 patients using polysterene latex complexed with calf thymus deoxyribonucleoprotein. Cryoprotein was detected as described elsewhere. Four of the 80 patients(5%) showed reactive VDRL, while rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody were not detectable in all cases. Cryoprotein was detected in 15 patients (27. 3 %). Compared with other reports on the prevalence of autoantibodies in Caucacian and African patients, we found a much lower frequency. This result may be expained partly by the racial or geographic difference in the pattern of leprosy as suggeste4 by Turk.
Agglutination ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Autoantibodies* ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Hemagglutinins ; Humans ; Latex ; Latex Fixation Tests ; Leprosy* ; Mycobacterium ; Prevalence* ; Research Personnel ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Seoul ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Thymus Gland ; Treponema pallidum

Protermycin, the first molecular synthetic of tetracycline and chloramphenicol, has been given trial in 28 patients: acute gonococcal urethritis 10, nongonococcal urethritis 7, acute cystitis 6, chancroid 1 and postoperative cases 4. The doses ranged from 300 to 600 me daily. From this study, it was found that Protermycin proved itself to be most effective in nongonococcal urethritis which could not be treated satisfactorily by other antibiotics. Of 28 cases, 25 showed good result. The remaining 3 cases failed to respond.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chancroid ; Chloramphenicol ; Cystitis ; Humans ; Tetracycline ; Urethritis

As trochanteric fractures frequently occur in the elderly patients and complications such as pneumonia, thrombo-embolic disease, decubitus ulcer, and urinary tract infection are common, early mobilization after open reduction and internal fixation with hip nail are the standard treatment. Since 1931 when Smith-Peterson first introduced a tri-flanged nail, further more, since 1941 when Jewett pioneered the one-piece nail by adding a solid plate to a Smith-Peterson nail, numorous implants including threaded pins, screws, nails, and plates have been modified and desiged for fractured hips till now to achieve early ambulation and to maintain stable reduction. In 1955 Pugh and Ken introduced a sliding nail-plate and Schumpelick described the use of sliding screw-plate, which was modified further by Callender and Holt pioneered the concept of heavy nail in 1963. Recently compression sliding screw-plate is popular. Also many surgeons such as Evans, Dimon and Hughston, Sarmiento, and Boyd and Anderson have attempted to provide stable fixation of fracture by altering the position of fracture fragments to improve the mechanical resistances of bone to disruptive forces of weight-bearing. The surgical procedures of open reduction and internal fixation were carried out and followed for more than 6 months on 45 intertrochanteric fractures at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, from Jan. 1968 to June. 1975 and the results were observed as follows. 1. Of 45 cases of inter-trochanteric fractures 28 cases occurred in man, 17 cases in woman and each mean age was 54 years in man, 74 years in woman. 2. Of fixation devices, Smith-Peterson nail-plates were used in 19 cases, Jewett nails in 15 cases, compression sliding screw-plates in 9 cases, Smith-Peterson nail in 1 case, and Ken sliding nail-plate in 1 case. 3. Stable fractures occurred in 10 cases were fixed internaly after anatomical reduction. 4. Dimon-Hughston reductions and Jewett Nailing were achieved in 11 cases of 12 unstabIe fractures and had disadvantages such as some limitation of R.O.M. of the affected hip, shortening, and valgus deformity. 5. Of 9 unstable fractures treated by compression sliding screw-plate 7 cases were reduced as anatomicaly as possible and 2 cases were reduced non-anatomicaly because of impossible anatomical reduction but good results were obtained except one failed nailing. 6. Of 7 failures, 6 cases resuIted from failures of nailing during operation and only 1 failure resulted in varus defermity after Dimen-Hughston reduction with Jewett nail.
Aged ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Female ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Pneumonia ; Pressure Ulcer ; Seoul ; Surgeons ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Weight-Bearing

Hand injuries in the industries have been steadily increasing in this country in recent years. All structures are damaged when a hand is caught in punch presses, gears or under falling objects. Irreversible loss of blood supply to the part is only real indication for primary amputation. Statistical observations were carried out on 240 patients of hand injuries who were treated at the Deparement of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University from May, 1972 to April, 1977 and following results were obtained. 1. The peak incidence was in the age group from 11 to 20 years in 83 cases(38.4%) and of the 226 patients, 204(85.0%) were male and 36(15.0%) were female. 2. In general, the incidence of hand injuries per year was annually increased and was much more occurred on April than other months of year. 3. The injured ratio of both hands was almost equal and main causes of hand injury were industrial accident (72.1%), traffic accident(12.9%) and electric accident(6.3%). 4 Most of hand injured patients(81.7%) arrived at our hospital within 6 hours after accidents 5. Of 240 injuries, 78(32.5%) were crushing injury with open comminuted fracture, 39(16.2%) were open fracture and 30(12.5%) were closed fracture. 6. Of injured fingers, 126(51.2%) were mondigit and the remained were polydigits. 7. The most frequency of monodigit injury was index finger(32.5%) and of polydigits injury was middle finger(28.2%) 8. In mondigit amputation, index finger were generally amputated at metacarpo-phalangeal joint and middle finger at proximal phalangeal level. 9. Of 457 injuries with facture, 213(46.6%) were treated by debridement and primary suture, and 94 (20.6%) by debridement and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation. 10. Of 240 patients, 46 cases(19.2%) were infected and the main causative organisms were pseudomonas aeruginosa (41.3%), Staphylococcus aureus(17.3%) and Alkaligenus fecalis(10.9%).
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Occupational ; Amputation ; Clinical Study ; Debridement ; Female ; Fingers ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Fractures, Open ; Hand Injuries ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus ; Sutures

In open wounds of the hand that have exposed bone or tendons, management may be difficult. Compared with conventional cutaneous pedicle flaps, the fascial radial flap transfer has several advantages : (1) one operation is required by one operating team reliably and easy to perform, (2) the appearance is not bulky, (3) the donor area is closed primarily, and (4) the hand is free for early motion of the shoulder and the elbow. One potential disadvantage is the permanent loss of the contribution of the radial artery to the circulation of the hand. One case of the fascial radial flap transfer was performed at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Hanyang University Hospital, and satisfactory result was obtained.
Elbow ; Hand ; Humans ; Radial Artery ; Shoulder ; Tendons ; Tissue Donors ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Arthritis* ; Knee*

It is well known that the incidence of revision arthroplasty for the loosened total hip has been progressively increasing recently. And the problem is that the loosening rate of revision arthroplasty for the failed total hip replacement is much higher as compared with that of primary total hip replacement. In revision arthroplasty, Amstutz, in 1982, reported 9% incidence of mechanical failure and 43% incidence of femoral and 61% incidence of acetabular progressive radiolucencies with follow-up for an average of 2.1 years, and Pellicci, in 1985, reported 29% incidence of failure for total hip replacement that have been revised once in the radiolucent zone with the follow-up for an average 8.1 years, and Kavanagh, in 1985, reported that probable loosening occurred in 25% of revised acetabular components with follow-up for an average of 4.5 years. Cementless total hip replacement is successful in more than 90 of the primary cases for the last 5 years in our department. Therefore, not only in primary total hip replacement but also in the revision, it seems to be reasonable to perform the cementless total hip replacement as an alternative, particularlly, in young age group. During the period from April 1982 to December 1984, we have revised 12 loosened total hip replacement with cementless type. Average follow up was 1 year and 7 months. The age range of the patients was 23 to 64. The results are very promising without any evidence of loosening in all cases.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence