No abstract available.
Arthritis* ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Enterocolitis, Neutropenic* ; Leukemia*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Cytoplasm* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Kidney Transplantation*

Cystometry was performed on 34 adult, healthy Korean males and the results were compared with those by various investigators. Retrograde intermittent, cystometry, retrograde continuous cystometry and excretory cystometry were used for this purpose. The instrument used was a simple water cystometer which has been used in our clinic. Effects of concentration and temperature of the fluids on the pressure of the bladder were also studied. Sterile water, normal saline, 5% saline, 10% saline and 20% saline in room temperature were administered for "the concentration study" and sterile water in 37C(degree), 38C, 39C, 40C, 41C, 45C, 35C, 30C, 25C, 23C, 22C, 21C, 20C and 10C were used respectively for "the temperature study". The results of both retrograde intermittent cystometry and retrograde continuous cystometry agreed well and there was no significant difference. In this study the first voiding desire starts at approximately 200-400 cc of fluid and the maximum voiding desire at approximately 350-450 cc of fluid The average pressure of the bladder ranges between 4.0-12.0 cm H20, the pressure at the first voiding desire is approximately 9.7 cm H2O and the pressure at maximum voluntary pressure over 32-130 cm H2O. No significant change in the pressure occurred due to changes in concentrations of the fluid but the maximum bladder capacity decreased as higher and lower concentrations of the fluid were administered. Also, higher and lower temperatures of the fluid did not cause significant changes in the pressure but the maximum bladder capacity decreased slightly.
Adult ; Humans ; Male* ; Research Personnel ; Urinary Bladder ; Water

No abstract available.
Humans ; Iron* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

No abstract available.
Hematocrit* ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Cytoplasm* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Metabolism*

PURPOSE: We reviewed 604 cases of varicose veins managed in our hospital and the clinical feature and the results were analyzed between injection sclerotherapy and operative method. METHODS: Retrospective review of clinical records was done from January 1990 to June 1998. All of them were diagnosed as primary varicose veins of lower extremities. Sclerosing agents used were ethanolamine oleate, most commonly, hypertonic saline, sodium tetradecyl sulfate and sclerodex. Injections of the sclerosants were 1 to 5 times as the clinical courses. Then, elastic stocking was applied for 2 weeks. Operations were done under the spinal or general anesthesia and postoperatively remnant varicoses were managed by injection sclerotherapy. Student t-test was used in statistics. RESULTS: The distribution of age were 5th decade (36.8%), 6th decade (24.0%), 4th decade (22.2%) in order of frequency, and the mean age was 44.3 year and the male to female ratio was 1:4.0. The mean duration of illness was 12.6 year, and it was longer in female than male (13.2 vs. 8.7, p=0.02). The most common presumed predisposing factor was longstanding occupation (82% of all) and pregnancy was the 2nd in female (12.0%). Chief complaint was only cosmetic problem in 73% of patients and the others complained varicose induced symptoms and complications. Both lower extremities were involved in 41.9% and right leg was in 26.0%, left leg was in 32.1%. The locations of lesions were calf (41.4%), greater saphenous vein (34.6%), lesser saphenous vein (15.0%). Sclerotherapy was done in 48.0%, operation with sclerotherapy in 23.7%, operation only in 17.2%. The mean duration of illness in sclerotherapy group was significantly shorter than operation group (8.8 vs 14.7 year, p=0.0001). Operation methods were stab avulsion only (48.1%), greater saphenous vein stripping (37.3%) and perforator ligation (11.8%) and others. CONCLUSIONS: Injection sclerotherapy method is very effective and sufficient treatment modality in the management of lower extremity varicose vein with low recurrence and complication rate, especially in the early treated cases.
Anesthesia, General ; Causality ; Ethanolamine ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Ligation ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Occupations ; Oleic Acid ; Pregnancy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; Sclerosing Solutions ; Sclerotherapy ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate ; Stockings, Compression ; Varicose Veins*

PURPOSE: As a baseline study for clinical application, we investigated MRI findings of normal cruciate ligaments in the knee being flexed as compared to those in the knee being extended. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven asymptomatic volunteers were studied. Knee MRI was performed with a 1.5 Tesla unit using a dual 3 inch coil. Inthe decubitus position, sagittal scanning was performed with the knee in extension, and subsequently, in flexion. We observed the shape and signal intensity of both cruciate ligaments, and measured the angles between the longaxis of the femur and ligaments, and the ligament dimensions in extension and flexion images. RESULTS: As flexionand extension images were compared, cruciate ligaments differed both in their appearance and dimensions. With flexion, joint space was widened, PCL became straightened and the signal intensity of ACL became homogeneously low; both cruciate ligaments became longer and thinner. These MRI findings were statistically significant except forthinning of PCL. CONCLUSION: MRI appearance and the dimensions of cruciate ligaments were different in the flexed knee as compared to those in the extended knee.
Femur ; Joints ; Knee* ; Ligaments* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Volunteers