No abstract available.
Fractures, Spontaneous* ; Osteoporosis*

No abstract available.
Adipose Tissue* ; Apoptosis ; Lipodystrophy*

No abstract available.
Tibia*

Microsurgical compoeite tissue transplantation to date has contributed to reconstructive surgery by expediting transfer of large blocks of tissue. We have performed the first successful transplantation of microneurovascular tendocutaneous free flap from the dorsum foot to the defect of dorsum hand including extensor tendons. We considered the free flap with extensor tendons from the dorsum foot was the best donor site for functional recovery of the defect of dorsum hand. Two cases of tendocutaneous free flap transplantation were performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Hanyang University Hospital, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Foot ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Hand ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Tendons ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplants

A 33-year-old-woman with twin pregnancy underwent genetic amniocentesis in our hospital at 16 weeks of gestation. Fetal chromosomal analysis showed 46,XY,inv(9) and 47,XX,+21. The affected twin was terminated by ultrasonographically guided intracardiac injection of 3 ml potassium chloride solution at 19 weeks of gestation. A healthy 2570 g male infant was born by cesarean section with Apgar scores of 8 and 9 at one and five minutes, respectively.
Amniocentesis ; Cesarean Section ; Down Syndrome* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Potassium Chloride ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins, Dizygotic*

STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to present updated information on the basic pelvic parameters associated with lumbar degenerative disease. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Sagittal imbalance has been known to be related to a poor prognosis in almost all adult spine problems, including lumbar degenerative disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of the relevant literature. RESULTS: Pelvic incidence is a morphologic parameter of the pelvis. It influences lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis, and determines the limitations of pelvic retroversion in sagittal imbalance. Pelvic tilt is a positional parameter of the pelvis, indicating the degree of compensation for sagittal imbalance. A C7-sagittal vertical axis >5 cm, pelvic tilt >20°, and pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch are known to be independent factors predictive of poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The C7-sagittal vertical axis, pelvic tilt, and pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch should be considered when surgery is planned for a patient with degenerative lumbar disease.
Adult ; Animals ; Compensation and Redress ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kyphosis ; Lordosis ; Pelvis ; Prognosis ; Spine

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of endometrial premalignant and malignant polyps in women who underwent hysteroscopic polypectomies, and to investigate whether clinical parameters predict histopathologic outcomes. METHODS: A review was carried out on the medical records of patients who had undergone hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy from January 2010 to December 2011. One thousand one hundred ninety-six women who ranged in age from 16 to 81 years were included in the study. Polyps were classified as benign (endometrial polyps and polyps with non-atypical simple hyperplasia and non-atypical complex hyperplasia), premalignant (polyps with atypical simple hyperplasia or atypical complex hyperplasia), or malignant. A statistical analysis was then performed. RESULTS: Histopathologically, 96.7% benign, 1.1% premalignant, and 2.2% malignant lesions were detected. Abnormal uterine bleeding and postmenopause were the only factors which were determined to be associated with a higher risk of malignancy, with an odds ratios of 5.07 (95% CI, 2.25-11.41) and 3.41 (95% CI, 1.14-10.24), respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk factors associated with premalignant and malignant endometrial polyps include abnormal uterine bleeding and menopause.
Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Hysteroscopy ; Medical Records ; Menopause ; Metrorrhagia ; Odds Ratio ; Polyps ; Postmenopause ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Hemorrhage

In order to evaluate the influence of soft contact lens(SCL) on the tear turnover rate in the conjunctival sac with SCL, this study was performed with lacrimal scintillography. Two determinations were carried out in the same eye: the first determination was carried out in both eyes without SCL(control group) and the second determination was carried out in both eyes after adaptation to the SCL from 4 hours to 8 hours only in the left eye(study group). In the results, there was no statistical difference of the fractional turnover rate of the tear between both eyes without SCL. In left eyes, the fractional tunover rate of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group, because the accumulation of the Technetium 99m sodium pertechnetate in the SCL. In right eyes, there was no statistical difference of the fractional turnover rate of the tear between the control group and the study group. This result may be derived from 'fatigue block' and/or the decreased sensitivity of the cornea fitted with SCL.
Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic* ; Cornea ; Sodium ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Tears* ; Technetium

Surgical treatment of congenital scoliosis is often frustrating due to its severity and rigidity. Many surgical methods were provided for these complex deformities and some instruments were used to achieve better correction. However, no surgical treatment was satisfactory to correct the deformities. Recently, pedicle screw fixation, enabling a powerful grip of individual vertebral segment, is becoming a promising method to enhance correction of these tenacious deformities. This study was to compare the correction, loss of correction and complications of the various surgical methods employed for congenital scoliosis in Seoul National University Hospital and to verify the advantages of pedicle screw fixation. Ninety-two congenital scoliosis subjected to surgery and followed up for more than 2 years(range 2-9 years) were analysed. Surgical methods were; anterior uninstrumented fusion, 5; posterior fusion, 50(14 without instrument, 15 with hooks, 21 with screws); combined anterior and posterior fusion, 37(7 without instrument, 11 with posterior hooks, 10 with posterior screws, 9 with anterior VDS and posterior screws). Mean preoperative magnitude of index curve was 58° with no significant difference between the groups except for the anterior VDS and posterior screw group which had a mean magnitude of 93°. Mean flexibility of index curve was 18.7% with no significant difference between groups. The correction of index curves were; anterior uninstrumented fusion, 23%; posterior uninstrumented fusion, 28%; posterior hook, 31%; posterior screw, 46%; combined anterior and posterior uninstrumented, 37%; anterior fusion and posterior hook, 30%; anterior fusion and posterior screw, 47%; anterior VDS and posterior screw, 48%. The correction of pedicle screws were significantly better(p < 0.01) with significantly smaller loss of correction(p < 0.01). Nonunion occurred in 4, 1 in posterior uninstrumented fusion, 2 in posterior hooks and 1 in posterior pedicle screws with concomitant instrument failures. However, there were no neurologic or visceral complications related to screw placement. Pedicle screw fixation offers an enhances correction of congenital scoliosis with low complication rate, and when combined with an anterior procedure, enables control of the most severe and rigid curves.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Hand Strength ; Methods ; Pedicle Screws ; Pliability ; Scoliosis ; Seoul

Cervical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare. We experienced one case of cervical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma in 49 years old woman. So we report the case and brief review of literature.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mucins*