The present study addressed the risk factors in early life for Korean preschool children that are associated with being overweight or obese.

This is a clinical analysis of 48 patients who had tuberculous peritonitis laparoscopically confirmed at the Gastroenterologic Department of the Korea University Hae Wha Hospital from March 1980 to February 1988, and the results are as fallows: 1) The ratio of male to female was 1:1.7, and the age of the peak incidence was the third decade. 2) The freqeent symptoms were abdominal distension (77.1%), abdominal pain (60.4%), and fever (60.4%); others were indigestion (27.1%), diarrhea (18.8%), weight loss (6.3%), abdominal mass (6.3%), vomiting (6.3%), and dysmenorrhea (2.1%). The freguent physical signs were ascites (93.8%) and abdominal tenderness (45.8%); others were palpable mass (8.3%), hepatomegaly (8.3%), and mild jaundice (4,2%). 3) Hematologic findings in mean value revealed 11.8 g/m% in hemoglobin, 6088/mm in WBC, and 36 mm/hour in ESR, 4) Ascitic analysis revealed 1,031 in specific gravity, 5.2% in protein, and 1700/mm in WBC count with lymphocytic predominance (83%). AFB stain and culture were all negative in the specimens less than 20 ml. 5) On chest X-ray, pulmonary Tuberculosis or associated lesions were noted in 19 patients (39.6%). 6) Studded whitish miliary tubercle, omental change, ad adhesions were noted in a mixed nature. 7) Classifications according to laparoscopic finding revealed wet type in 28 patients (58.3%), mixed type in 13 patients (27.1%), and dry type in 7 patients (14.6%); and laparoscopic type was not related with the duration of symptom up to admission. 8) Microscopic finding of biopsy specimens revealed caseous necrosis or granuloma in 43 patient (89.6%) and nonspecific inflammation in 5 patients. In these 5 patients, characteristic gross findings of tuberculous peritionitis were noted. 9) Intestinal perforation was developed in 2 patients.
Abdominal Pain ; Ascites ; Biopsy ; Classification ; Diarrhea ; Dysmenorrhea ; Dyspepsia ; Female ; Fever ; Granuloma ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Intestinal Perforation ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Male ; Necrosis ; Peritonitis, Tuberculous* ; Specific Gravity ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Vomiting ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most frequent nosocomial infections and are frequently associated with indwelling urinary catheters. It is known that adherence to standard infection control measures for urinary catheters can reduce UTIs in hospitals. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of education in reducing catheter-related UTIs (CR-UTIs) in intensive care units (ICUs) of a university hospital. METHODS: CR-UTIs were prospectively monitored for all patients with indwelling urinary catheters in ICUs from July 2006 through December 2007. Recommendations based on previously known guidelines for catheter insertion, catheter management, and specimen collection to prevent CR-UTIs were formulated and educated in March 2007. Knowledge and adherence level were evaluated before and after educating healthcare workers about the recommendations using questionnaire. Changes in knowledge and adherence level before and after education were compared by Chi-square test. Changes in the rate of CR-UTIs and urinary catheter utilization ratios were also analyzed by Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: After education, knowledge level of and adherence level to most of the recommendations were improved significantly. The rate of CR-UTIs significantly decreased by 48% from 7.43/1,000 catheter-days before intervention to 3.87/1,000 catheter-days after intervention (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: Surveillance for nosocomial infections and education for standard infection control measures are very important in preventing CR-UTIs in ICUs.
Catheters ; Cross Infection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Prospective Studies ; Specimen Handling ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Lung*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the correlates of maternal perception (identification and satisfaction) of children's weight, maternal body shape satisfaction, and maternal feeding styles in Korean preschool-aged children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was utilized. Participants consisted of 287 pairs of preschool-aged children (3-6 years) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by chi2-test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Among the 287 mothers, 47.7% underestimated their children's weight, while 15.7% overestimated it. 46.7% of the mothers wished their children weighed more, while 11.1% of them wished their children weighed less. The mean score of maternal body shape satisfaction was 83.75+/-28.77. The mean score of parent-centered feeding styles was 2.95+/-0.54, and the mean score of child-centered feeding styles was 3.33+/-0.42. There were statistically significant correlations between maternal identification of children's weight and children's body mass index (BMI) (r=-.366, p<.001). In addition, there were statistically significant correlations between maternal satisfaction of children's weight and children's BMI (r=-.484, p<.001), maternal BMI (r=-.126, p=.033), and maternal body shape satisfaction (r=-.127, p=.031). CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that intervention programs for mothers to develop more accurate perception of their child's weight should be established.
Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Mothers

High output heart failure due to congenital arteriovenous fistula is a rare disease and is difficult to treat. A 27 year old man, suffering from dyspnea, palpitation, lower extremity edema, and abdominal distension admitted May, 1987. At admission there were continuous thrill and bruit at left supraclavicular and infraclavicular area. The heart sound was irregular and rapid, and grade IV/VI pansystolic murmur was audible at the apex. Chest PA showed marked cardiomegaly with pleural effusion and notching at superior aspect of left 2nd rib. Selective left subclavian artery angiogram showed extensive congenital arteriovenous fistula at the area of left subclavian artery and its branches. After setrial feeding artery embolization and palliative operation, the fistula size decreased much with clinical improvement.
Adult ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Cardiomegaly ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Fistula ; Heart Failure ; Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Pleural Effusion ; Rare Diseases ; Ribs* ; Subclavian Artery* ; Thorax

The Gerbode shunt, known as the left ventricle to the right atrial communication, is a rather rare finding, following surgical closure of septal defects. Even though the surgical closure is accepted as a treatment of choice, we report a successful percutaneous transcatheter closure of the Gerbode shunt in a 3-months old baby who weighed 3 kilograms.
Heart Septal Defects ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Septal Occluder Device

Breast manifestations of autoimmune diseases are rare but may present as localized disease or as part of a systemic disease. The most common clinical presentations of autoimmune mastitis are palpable masses and mastalgia, but patients can also be asymptomatic. Its radiological features are nonspecific and varied; it usually appears as an irregular hypoechoic mass or ill-defined hypoechoic nonmass lesion that mimics malignancy, with or without duct ectasia on breast ultrasonography. On breast MRI, segmental or regional nonmass enhancement is observed. However, due to its nonspecific and rapid changes in its clinical and radiological features, its diagnosis is often challenging and delayed. Herein, we present a rare case of mastitis with mammary duct ectasia in a patient with Behcet’s syndrome and its rapid changes in imaging features on serial radiologic studies. Furthermore, we review the literature focusing on the radiologic and histopathologic characteristics of autoimmune mastitis.

Breast manifestations of autoimmune diseases are rare but may present as localized disease or as part of a systemic disease. The most common clinical presentations of autoimmune mastitis are palpable masses and mastalgia, but patients can also be asymptomatic. Its radiological features are nonspecific and varied; it usually appears as an irregular hypoechoic mass or ill-defined hypoechoic nonmass lesion that mimics malignancy, with or without duct ectasia on breast ultrasonography. On breast MRI, segmental or regional nonmass enhancement is observed. However, due to its nonspecific and rapid changes in its clinical and radiological features, its diagnosis is often challenging and delayed. Herein, we present a rare case of mastitis with mammary duct ectasia in a patient with Behcet’s syndrome and its rapid changes in imaging features on serial radiologic studies. Furthermore, we review the literature focusing on the radiologic and histopathologic characteristics of autoimmune mastitis.

Breast manifestations of autoimmune diseases are rare but may present as localized disease or as part of a systemic disease. The most common clinical presentations of autoimmune mastitis are palpable masses and mastalgia, but patients can also be asymptomatic. Its radiological features are nonspecific and varied; it usually appears as an irregular hypoechoic mass or ill-defined hypoechoic nonmass lesion that mimics malignancy, with or without duct ectasia on breast ultrasonography. On breast MRI, segmental or regional nonmass enhancement is observed. However, due to its nonspecific and rapid changes in its clinical and radiological features, its diagnosis is often challenging and delayed. Herein, we present a rare case of mastitis with mammary duct ectasia in a patient with Behcet’s syndrome and its rapid changes in imaging features on serial radiologic studies. Furthermore, we review the literature focusing on the radiologic and histopathologic characteristics of autoimmune mastitis.